1、IEEE Std 647-2006(Revision of IEEE Std 647-1995)IEEE Standard Specification FormatGuide and Test Procedure forSingle-Axis Laser GyrosI E E E3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA18 September 2006IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems SocietySponsored by theGyro and Accelerometer Panel Recognized
2、as an IEEE Std 647-2006(R2011) American National Standard (ANSI) (Revision of IEEE Std 647-1995) IEEE Standard Specification Format Guide and Test Procedure for Single-Axis Laser Gyros Sponsor Gyro and Accelerometer Panel of the IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society Approved 8 August 2006 Am
3、erican National Standards Institute Approved 30 March 2006 Reaffirmed 7 December 2011 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: Specification and test requirements for a single-axis ring laser gyro (RLG) for use as a sensor in attitude control systems, angular displacement measuring systems, and angular rat
4、e measuring systems are defined. A standard specification format guide for the preparation of a single-axis RLG is provided. A compilation of recommended procedures for testing an RLG, derived from those presently used in the industry, is also provided. Keywords: dithered gyro, gyro, gyroscope, iner
5、tial instrument, inertial sensor, optical gyro, resonant cavity, ring laser gyro, RLG, Sagnac effect, Sagnac gyro. _ The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2006 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. A
6、ll rights reserved. Published 18 September 2006. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance
7、Center. iv Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. Introduction This standard is a minor revision of IEEE Std 647-1995 that corrects errors made in the publication process and adds minor technical improvements. It consists of two parts. Part I is a specification format guide for the preparation of a la
8、ser gyro specification. It provides a common meeting ground of terminology and practice for manufacturers and users. The user is cautioned not to overspecify; only those parameters that are required to guarantee proper instrument performance in the specific application should be controlled. In gener
9、al, the specification should contain only those requirements that can be verified by test or inspection. Parameters in addition to those given in this standard are not precluded. Part II is a compilation of recommended procedures for testing a laser gyro. These procedures, including test conditions
10、to be considered, are derived from those currently in use. For a specific application, the test procedure should reflect the requirements of the specification; therefore, not all tests outlined in this standard need be included, nor are additional tests precluded. In some cases, alternative methods
11、for measuring performance characteristics have been included or indicated. The intent is for the specification writer to extract the applicable test conditions and equipment requirements from Clause 11 for inclusion in the appropriate clauses listed under 6.5. Similarly, it is intended that the writ
12、er extract the applicable test procedures from Clause 12 for inclusion in the appropriate subclauses listed under 6.6. Part II can also be used as a guide in the preparation of a separate laser gyro test specification with appropriate clause numbering. In general, the intent is for the specification
13、 writer to ensure consistency and traceability between Part II test procedures and Part I requirements for performance, mechanical, electrical, environmental, reliability, and quality assurance. To that end, a test procedure should not be listed in Part II unless a related requirement exists in Part
14、 I. Blank spaces in the text of this document permit the specification writer to insert specific information such as parameter values and their tolerances, clause numbers, etc. Brackets are used to enclose alternative choices of dimensional units, signs, axes, etc. Boxed statements are included for
15、information only and are not part of the specification or test procedures. The following standards were used in the development of this standard. ANSI/IEEE Std 260.1, IEEE Standard Letter Symbols for Units of Measurement (SI Units, Customary Inch-Pound Units, and Certain Other Units). ANSI/IEEE Std
16、268, American National Standard for Metric Practice. ANSI/IEEE Std 280, IEEE Standard Letter Symbols for Quantities Used in Electrical Science and Electrical Engineering. ANSI/IEEE Std 315, IEEE Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronics Diagrams. IEEE Std 528, IEEE Standard for Inertial Sensor
17、Terminology. This standard defines the requirements and test procedures for a single-axis laser gyro in terms unique to the laser gyro. The requirements contained herein cover applications where the laser gyro is used as an angular motion sensor in navigation and control systems. This introduction i
18、s not part of IEEE Std 647-2006, IEEE Standard Specification Format Guide and Test Procedure for Single-Axis Laser Gyros. v Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. The term laser gyro is accepted to include the electronics necessary to operate the gyro and to condition the output signal. The laser gyro
19、 provides an output frequency proportional to inertial angular rate about its input axis. Annex A lists various laser gyro design features for which this format is applicable. The list is not intended to make any suggestion regarding the selection of particular design features that might restrict th
20、e free choice of manufacturers. Annex B is an overview of dynamic and stochastic modeling. Annex C is an overview of noise process variance analysis as a method for determination of the drift rate coefficients and the quantization coefficient. Annex D is a bibliography. Notice to users Errata Errata
21、, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/stand
22、ards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent
23、 rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. vi Copy
24、right 2006. All rights reserved. Participants This standard represents a large-scale group effort. A total of 143 individuals attended 46 meetings of the Gyro and Accelerometer Panel during preparation of this standard. The following individuals on the Gyro and Accelerometer Panel were major contrib
25、utors to IEEE Std 647-2006: Sid Bennett, Chair David Anderson Michael Ash Cleon Barker Stephen Becka Joseph Beri Stephen Bongiovanni Pierre Bouniol Herbert Califano Anthony Campbell* Joseph DAngelo James Davies* George Erickson Julius Feldman Joseph Ficalora Scott Finken Thomas Fuhrman Frank Garcia
26、Kerry Green Michael Hooser Bert Katz Menno Koning Lalit Kumar Kurt Lantz Thomas Lear* David Lynch David Macy R. D. (Sam) Marquess Harold Morris Gerald Morrison* Ralph (Bart) Morrow Jay Murphy Gordon Murray* Jay Neugroschl Rex Peters* Loren Richardson Gerald Shaw Philip Simpson Norman Sinnott* Timoth
27、y Stanley Mohammad Tehrani Leroy Thielman Ludd Trozpek Bud Wimber* David Winkel Bruce Youmans *Past Chair A total of 50 individuals attended 12 meetings of the Gyro and Accelerometer Panel during the preparation of this revision. The following individuals on the Gyro and Accelerometer Panel contribu
28、ted to this standard: Randall Curey, Chair Michael Ash Cleon Barker Sid Bennett* Timothy Buck Herbert Califano George Erickson Kerry Green Jean-Franois Kieffer Robert Martinez Ralph (Bart) Morrow Reese Sturdevant Daniel Tazartes Leroy Thielman Bruce Youmans *Past Chair The following members of the i
29、ndividual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Michael Ash Cleon Barker Sid Bennett Robert Correllus Randall Curey Robert Dahlgren George Erickson Jean-Franois Kieffer Vladimir Skvortzov Daniel Tazartes Leroy Thielman Bruce Yo
30、umansvii Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 30 March 2006, it had the following membership: Steve M. Mills, Chair Richard H. Hulett, Vice Chair Don Wright, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Mark D. Bowman Dennis B. Brophy William R. Gold
31、bach Arnold M. Greenspan Robert M. Grow Joanna N. Guenin Julian Forster* Mark S. Halpin Kenneth S. Hanus William B. Hopf Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Daleep C. Mohla T. W. Olsen Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Tom A. Prevost T. W. Olsen Greg Ratta Robby Robson Anne-Marie Sahazizian Virginia S
32、ulzberger Malcolm V. Thaden Richard L. Townsend Walter Weigel Howard L. Wolfman *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Alan H. Cookson, NIST Representative Jennie Steinha
33、gen IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Angela Ortiz IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development viii Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Document structure 1 1.3 Purpose 1 2. Normative references 1 Part ISpecification form
34、at. 2 3. Specification format overview 2 4. Applicable documents 2 4.1 Standards . 2 4.2 Standards . 2 4.3 Drawings 3 4.4 Bulletins. 3 4.5 Other publications 3 5. Requirements 3 5.1 Description 3 5.2 General requirements. 4 5.3 Performance. 4 5.4 Mechanical requirements. 9 5.5 Electrical requirement
35、s 10 5.6 Environmental requirements 14 5.7 Reliability 18 6. Quality assurance provisions 18 6.1 Classification of tests. 18 6.2 Acceptance tests 19 6.3 Qualification tests 20 6.4 Reliability tests 20 6.5 Test conditions and equipment 21 6.6 Test methods 21 6.7 Data submittal 25 7. Preparation for d
36、elivery 25 8. Notes. 26 8.1 Intended use. 26 8.2 Ordering data . 26 8.3 Model equation 26 ix Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. Part IITest procedures. 28 9. Test procedure overview 28 10. Description . 28 11. Test conditions and test equipment. 28 11.1 Standard test conditions. 28 11.2 Standard o
37、perating and test equipment 30 12. Test procedures. 31 12.1 Examination of product (mechanical) 31 12.2 Examination of product (electrical) . 31 12.3 Leak test. 33 12.4 Input power test . 33 12.5 Turn-on time test . 34 12.6 Warm-up time test . 34 12.7 Polarity test 35 12.8 Operating temperature test
38、 series. 36 12.9 Gyro scale factor test series . 37 12.10 Input rate test series . 40 12.11 Anti-lock residual and quantization noise test . 41 12.12 Drift rate test series 42 12.13 IA alignment characteristics 47 12.14 Generated fields. 49 12.15 Environment test series 50 Annex A (informative) Exam
39、ples of laser gyro design features. 51 Annex B (informative) Dynamic and stochastic modeling overview. 52 B.1 Introduction. 52 B.2 Modeling. 54 B.3 Preferred means of analysis 57 B.4 Test, data processing, and analysis considerations 60 B.5 Conclusion 65 Annex C (informative) An overview of the Alla
40、n variance method of RLG noise analysis 68 C.1 Allan variance background . 68 C.2 Estimation accuracy and test design . 78 C.3 Tabulation of some variance analysis . 79 Annex D (informative) Bibliography . 81 1 Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. IEEE Standard Specification Format Guide and Test Pr
41、ocedure for Single-Axis Laser Gyros 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard defines the specification and test requirements for a single-axis laser gyro for use as a sensor in attitude control systems, angular displacement measuring systems, or angular rate measuring systems, including the electronics n
42、ecessary to operate the gyro and to condition the output signals. 1.2 Purpose This standard provided a common meeting ground of terminology and practice for manufacturers and users. The user is cautioned not to overspecifyonly those parameters that are required to guarantee proper instrument perform
43、ance in the specific application should be controlled. In general, the specification should contain only those requirements that can be verified by test or inspection. Part II of this standard can also be used as a guide in the preparation of a separate laser gyro test specification. In general, the
44、 intent is for the specification writer to ensure consistency and traceability between Part II test procedures and Part I requirements for performance, mechanical, electrical, environmental, and quality assurance. 1.3 Document structure Part I (Clause 3 through Clause 8) of this standard is a specif
45、ication format guide for the preparation of a laser gyro specification. Part II (Clause 9 through Clause 12) is a compilation of recommended procedures for testing a laser gyro. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dat
46、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. None IEEE Std 647-2006 IEEE Standard Specification Format Guide and Test Procedure for Single-Axis Laser Gyros 2 Copyright 2006. All
47、rights reserved. Part ISpecification format13. Specification format overview This specification defines the requirements for a single-axis laser gyro to be used as a sensor in an inertial measure unit, _ . This includes the electronics necessary to operate the gyro and to condition the output signal
48、. 4. Applicable documents The following documents form a part of the specification to the extent specified in this specification. In the event of any conflict between the requirements of this specification and the listed documents, the requirements of this specification shall govern.24.1 Standards 4
49、.1.1 Government 4.1.2 Industry/technical 4.1.3 Company 4.2 Standards 4.2.1 Government 1The sample forms in Part I of this guide are included for information and example only. Users of this guide may freely reproduce and modify the forms in Part I so that they can be used for their intended purpose, so long as each page is reproduced in its entirety, including any and all copyright language. 2Notes in text, tables, and figures of a standard are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to i
