1、 CGA G-2.12014 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF ANHYDROUS AMMONIA SIXTH EDITION ANSI/CGA G-2.12014REQUIREMENTS FOR THESTORAGE AND HANDLINGOF ANHYDROUS AMMONIASIXTH EDITIONPAGE ii COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA G-2.12014 DEDICATION This publication is dedicated in the memory of Rodn
2、ey “RC” Smith, who served as an active participant of the Committee that developed this publication. PLEASE NOTE: The information contained in this document was obtained from sources believed to be reliable and is based on technical information and experience currently available from members of the
3、Compressed Gas Association, Inc. and others. However, the Association or its members, jointly or severally, make no guarantee of the results and assume no liability or responsibility in connection with the information or suggestions herein contained. Moreover, it should not be assumed that every acc
4、eptable commodity grade, test or safety procedure or meth-od, precaution, equipment or device is contained within, or that abnormal or unusual circumstances may not warrant or suggest further requirements or additional procedure. This document is subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned t
5、o obtain the latest edition. The Associa-tion invites comments and suggestions for consideration. In connection with such review, any such comments or suggestions will be fully reviewed by the Association after giving the party, upon request, a reasonable op-portunity to be heard. Proposed changes m
6、ay be submitted via the Internet at our web site, . This document should not be confused with federal, state, provincial, or municipal specifications or regulations; insurance requirements; or national safety codes. While the Association recommends reference to or use of this document by government
7、agencies and others, this document is purely voluntary and not binding unless adopted by reference in regulations. A listing of all publications, audiovisual programs, safety and technical bulletins, and safety posters is available via the Internet at our website at . For more information contact CG
8、A at Phone: 703-788-2700, ext. 799. E-mail: . Work Item 03-39 Specialty Gases Committee NOTETechnical changes from the previous edition are underlined. NOTEAppendix A (Normative) is a requirement. SIXTH EDITION: 2014 FIFTH EDITION: 1999 FOURTH EDITION: 1989 THIRD EDITION: 1981 2014 The Compressed Ga
9、s Association, Inc. All rights reserved. All materials contained in this work are protected by United States and international copyright laws. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording, or any infor-m
10、ation storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from The Compressed Gas Association, Inc. All requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be directed to The Compressed Gas Association, Inc., 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly VA 20151. You may not
11、alter or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice from this work. CGA G-2.12014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE iii AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for
12、 approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agree-ment has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not neces
13、sarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be con-sidered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect pre-clude anyone, whether he has approved the standa
14、rds or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no
15、 person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTIO
16、N NOTICE: The American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The proce-dures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to periodically reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current infor
17、mation on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. Approved as an American National Standard on December 12, 2014. PAGE iv COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA G-2.12014 FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of American N
18、ational Standard Requirements for the Storage and Handling of An-hydrous Ammonia.) This standard represents the consensus of interested parties concerning minimum safety requirements for the storage, transportation, and handling of anhydrous ammonia. It is intended to serve as a guide for regulatory
19、 authorities in writing their own regulations as well as to assist designers of ammonia installations and others having an interest in its requirements such as safety engineers, insurance organizations, and transportation carriers. The first edition of the K61.1 Standard was published in 1960 and wa
20、s based on a standard of the Compressed Gas Association, Inc. (CGA) completed in 1950, and submitted to the then American Standards Association for adoption as an American Standard. CGAs standard was used to assist in developing regulations during the early period of the expanded use of anhydrous am
21、monia for agricultural purposes. This took place in the late 1940s and early 1950s. In 1953 the Agricultural Ammonia Institute (AAI) published its first standard (M-1) for the storage and handling of agricultural ammonia, which has been revised at frequent intervals to remain current with progress i
22、n the agricultural ammonia industry. When the first American Standard for ammonia was approved in 1960, it made available to those concerned two standards on ammonia from which to choose. Many of the states had already adopted as their regulations, the M-1 standard of the AAI, and from then on the a
23、mmonia industry was continually faced with the conflict of having two differing standards available dealing with safety requirements for anhydrous ammonia. The American Standard was revised in 1966 under the sponsorship of CGA and the second edition was made available to interested parties along wit
24、h revised editions of the similar standards of AAI. In 1968 the Agricultural Nitrogen Institute (ANI), successor to AAI, requested cosponsorship of the K61 project. CGA supported cosponsorship to achieve the endorsement of a single American National Standard that could be supported jointly by ANI an
25、d CGA. The ANI has since merged with the National Plant Food Institute to become The Fertilizer Institute (TFI). As cosecretariats of the K61 Project, CGA and TFI reconciled the differences between the American National Standard K61.1-1966 and the M-1 Standard of The Fertilizer Institute. A revision
26、 was prepared and submitted to the K61 Committee for consideration. The 1972 and subsequent editions of the K61.1 Standard not only replace the 1966 edition of the American National Standard K61.1, but also supersede the 1966 edition of CGA G-2.1 and the 1968 edition of The Ferti-lizer Institute M-1
27、 Standard. Following the 1984 revision of the 1981 edition of the K61.1 Standard, The Fertilizer Institute withdrew from cosponsorship of the K61.1 Standard in 1987, however, TFI elected to continue as an active participant on the K61 Committee. The 1989 edition represented a substantial reorganizat
28、ion and expansion of material contained in prior editions with individual sections devoted to ammonia safety and the use of water in emergencies. A new section regard-ing tank cars was added in recognition of the importance of the rail transportation mode. Other sections were updated to reflect majo
29、r changes in the areas of technology and regulatory matters. The 1999 edition incorporated the International System of Units (SI) in recognition of the global harmonization movement. The Pressure Relief Device section underwent a major rewrite to provide consistency and account for excessive heat or
30、 fire protection. There were also some marking and labeling changes in the regulatory ar-ea. The 2014 edition includes updated ammonia exposure information and extensive revision of the safety section to incorporate current regulatory and safety requirements and regulations. This edition also includ
31、es revised requirements for the re-installation of large pressure vessels, for the repair or alteration of pressure vessels, CGA G-2.12014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE v and for dealing with pressure vessels with missing dataplates by incorporating provisions of the National Board Inspectio
32、n Code (NBIC). A new section defines specifications and inspection requirements for pressure transfer hoses used specifically in ammonia service (Information about pressure transfer hose requirements was previ-ously addressed in an appendix to the 1999 edition). Another new section defines the requi
33、rements for heating devices for containers. The refrigerated storage pressure relief valves section also underwent another rewrite to address abnormal operating conditions and fire scenarios with respect to relief requirements. Suggestions for improvements of this standard will be welcome. They shou
34、ld be sent to the American National Standards Institute, Inc., 25 W. 43rd St., New York, NY 10036, or to the Compressed Gas Association, Inc., 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA 20151. This standard was revised and approved for submittal to ANSI by American National Standards Committe
35、e on Safety Requirements for the Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia. Committee approval of the stand-ard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the CGA G-2.1 ANS Committee had the following voting members: Organizat
36、ion Represented Name of Representative Agribusiness Association of Iowa . Jeff Schnell Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Martin Westman Airgas Specialty Products Blaine Davis, Chair Ammonia Safety and Training Institute Kent Anderson CF Industries, Inc. Daniel Webb Continental NH3 Products Judd Stret
37、cher Crop Production Services, Inc Billy Pirkle Fairbank Equipment . Gary Cless The Fertilizer Institute . Wade Foster Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship . Neal Vaughn John Deere . Randy Renze KFSA Scott Anderson Koch Minerals Services Doug Little The National Board of Boiler and Pr
38、essure Vessel Inspectors John Hoh Office of Indiana State Chemist Danny Starke Praxair, Inc Martin Timm RegO Cryoflow Products David Stainbrook Squibb-Taylor Inc. . Pat Hodges Tanner Industries, Inc David Binder Trinity Containers LLC . Greg McRae United Suppliers . Mike Wollner U.S. Department of T
39、ransportation Mark Toughiry U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Armando Santiago . (Alternate) Kathy Franklin PAGE vi COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA G-2.12014 Contents Page 1 Introduction . 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 General 1 1.3 Physical/chemical properties of ammonia . 1 1.4 Ammonia exposure 3 1.5
40、Federal, state, and local regulations 4 1.6 Hazardous material classification 4 2 Definitions . 4 3 Safety . 8 3.1 Training 8 3.2 Normal conditions 8 3.3 Emergency planning and response coordination 8 3.4 Permanent storage installations 9 3.5 Cargo tanks . 10 3.6 Leaks in transportation equipment 11
41、 3.7 Cylinder and DOT portable tank installations 11 3.8 Site security . 11 4 Use of water in emergencies 11 4.1 Human exposure . 11 4.2 Accidental release . 11 4.3 Fire exposure . 12 4.4 Absorption in water 12 5 Basic rules 12 5.1 Equipment and systems 12 5.2 Requirements for new construction and o
42、riginal test, repair, and alterations of containers (including DOT portable tanks), other than refrigerated storage tanks. 14 5.3 Location of containers . 15 5.4 Markings of nonrefrigerated containers and systems other than DOT containers 17 5.5 Container appurtenances 18 5.6 Piping, tubing, and fit
43、tings . 19 5.7 Hose specification . 20 5.8 Pressure relief devices 23 5.9 Filling densities 26 5.10 Transfer of liquids 26 5.11 Liquid level gauging devices 29 5.12 Painting of containers 29 5.13 Electrical equipment and wiring . 30 5.14 Heating devices for containers and cylinders 30 6 Systems usin
44、g stationary, pier-mounted or skid-mounted, aboveground or underground, nonrefrigerated storage 30 6.1 Design pressure and construction of containers . 30 6.2 Container valves and accessories and discharge connections . 31 6.3 Pressure relief devices 31 6.4 Installation of storage containers . 31 6.
45、5 Reinstallation of containers . 33 6.6 Marking containers 33 6.7 Protection of container and appurtenances . 33 6.8 Identification for emergency 34 7 Refrigerated storage . 34 7.1 Design of tanks 34 7.2 Installation of storage tanks (aboveground) 34 7.3 Marking refrigerated containers . 35 7.4 Tank
46、 valves, accessories, fill pipes, and discharge pipes . 36 7.5 Pressure relief valves 36 CGA G-2.12014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE vii 7.6 Protection of containers and appurtenances . 38 7.7 Reinstallation of containers . 38 7.8 Refrigeration load and equipment . 38 7.9 Safety equipment .
47、40 7.10 Identification for emergency 40 8 Systems mounted on railcar structures (tank cars), other than DOT class 106A, for transportation of ammonia . 41 8.1 Design and construction 41 8.2 Pressure relief valves 41 8.3 Marking and placarding . 41 8.4 Tank car loading and unloading locations and ope
48、rations 41 9 Systems mounted on trucks, semitrailers, and trailers for transportation of ammonia . 43 9.1 Design pressure of containers . 43 9.2 Container mounting . 44 9.3 Container appurtenances 44 9.4 Piping, fittings, and hose . 46 9.5 Pressure relief valves 46 9.6 Placarding and marking of cont
49、ainers . 46 9.7 Transfer of liquids 47 9.8 Trailers and semitrailers 47 9.9 Electrical equipment and lighting . 48 9.10 Protection against collision 48 9.11 Brakes . 48 9.12 Portable tanks (including skid tanks) . 48 9.13 Safety equipment . 48 10 Systems using DOT portable tanks and cylinders 48 10.1 Containers and cylinders . 48 10.2 Container and cylinder valves and regulating equipment 49 10.3 Pressure relief devices 50 11 Systems mounted on farm wagons (implements of husbandry) for the transportation of ammonia 50 11.1
