1、 ANSI E1.8 - 2012 Entertainment TechnologyLoudspeaker Enclosures Intended for Overhead SuspensionClassification, Manufacture and Structural Testing Document number Rig/1997-2021r16 This page intentionally blank. ANSI E1.8 - 2012 Entertainment TechnologyLoudspeaker Enclosures Intended for Overhead Su
2、spensionClassification, Manufacture and Structural Testing Rig/1997-2021r16 2017 ESTA This edition of ANSI E1.8 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on January 15, 2013. This standard was originally published when the Entertainment Services and Technology Association was operati
3、ng under the name of PLASA North America. ESTA has reverted to its original name, and this document has been rebranded with the current corporate name and logo. No changes have been made to the contents of the standard. page i Notice and Disclaimer ESTA does not approve, inspect, or certify any inst
4、allations, procedures, equipment or materials for compliance with codes, recommended practices or standards. Compliance with a ESTA standard or an American National Standard developed by ESTA is the sole and exclusive responsibility of the manufacturer or provider and is entirely within their contro
5、l and discretion. Any markings, identification or other claims of compliance do not constitute certification or approval of any type or nature whatsoever by ESTA. ESTA neither guarantees nor warrants the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and disclaims liability for any per
6、sonal injury, property or other damage or injury of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document. In issuing and distributing this document. In issuing this document, ESTA
7、does not either (a) undertake to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, or (b) undertake any duty to any person or entity with respect to this document or its contents. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appro
8、priate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstance. Published by: Entertainment Services and Technology Association 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA Phone: 1-212-244-1505 Fax: 1-212-244-1502 standardsesta.org
9、 page ii The ESTA Technical Standards Program The ESTA Technical Standards Program was created to serve the ESTA membership and the entertainment industry in technical standards related matters. The goal of the Program is to take a leading role regarding technology within the entertainment industry
10、by creating recommended practices and standards, monitoring standards issues around the world on behalf of our members, and improving communications and safety within the industry. ESTA works closely with the technical standards efforts of other organizations within our industry, including USITT and
11、 VPLT, as well as representing the interests of ESTA members to ANSI, UL, and the NFPA. The Technical Standards Program is accredited by the American National Standards Institute. The Technical Standards Council (TSC) was established to oversee and coordinate the Technical Standards Program. Made up
12、 of individuals experienced in standards-making work from throughout our industry, the Council approves all projects undertaken and assigns them to the appropriate working group. The Technical Standards Council employs a Technical Standards Manager to coordinate the work of the Council and its worki
13、ng groups as well as maintain a “Standards Watch” on behalf of members. Working groups include: Control Protocols, Electrical Power, Event Safety, Floors, Fog and Smoke, Followspot Position, Photometrics, Rigging, and Stage Lifts. ESTA encourages active participation in the Technical Standards Progr
14、am. There are several ways to become involved. If you would like to become a member of an existing working group, as have over four hundred people, you must complete an application which is available from the ESTA office. Your application is subject to approval by the working group and you will be r
15、equired to actively participate in the work of the group. This includes responding to letter ballots and attending meetings. Membership in ESTA is not a requirement. You can also become involved by requesting that the TSC develop a standard or a recommended practice in an area of concern to you. The
16、 Rigging Working Group, which authored this Standard, consists of a cross section of entertainment industry professionals representing a diversity of interests. ESTA is committed to developing consensus-based standards and recommended practices in an open setting. page iii Contact Information Techni
17、cal Standards Manager Karl G. Ruling Entertainment Services and Technology Association 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA 1-212-244-1505 karl.rulingesta.org Assistant Technical Standards Manager Erin Grabe Entertainment Services and Technology Association 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609
18、New York, NY 10036 USA 1-212-244-1505 erin.grabeesta.org Technical Standards Council Chairpersons Mike Garl Mike Garl Consulting LLC 1-865-389-4371 Mike Wood Mike Wood Consulting LLC 1-512-288-4916 Rigging Working Group Chairpersons Bill Sapsis Sapsis Rigging, Inc. 1-215-228-0888 x206 billsapsis-
19、Christine Kaiser Syracuse Scenery Stage Technologies Group; CP Tray Allen; James Thomas Engineering, Inc.; MP Dana Bartholomew; Fisher Technical Services, Inc.; CP William Beautyman; Limelight Productions, Inc.; DR Keith Bohn; Vitec Group plc; MP Ron Bonner; PLASA EU; G Vincent J. Cannavale; Motion
20、Laboratories; CP Joseph Champelli; ZFX Flying Inc.; CP Benjamin Cohen; Reed Rigging, Inc.; DR Kimberly Corbett; Schuler Shook; DE Stu Cox; ZFX Flying Inc.; CP Dan Culhane; SECOA; CP Bruce Darden; Rigging Innovators, Inc.; CP Don Dimitroff; Vitec Group plc; MP Brad Dittmer; Stage Labor of the Ozarks;
21、 U Scott Fisher; Fisher Technical Services, Inc.; CP Adrian Forbes-Black; Total Structures Inc.; MP Howard Forryan; Harting KGAA; G Mike Garl; Vitec Group plc; MP Ed Garstkiewicz; Harting KGAA; G Ethan William Gilson; Advanced Lighting and Production Services; U William B. Gorlin; M.G. McLaren, P.C.
22、; G Jerry Gorrell; Theatre Safety Programs; G Pat Grenfell; Mainstage Theatrical Supply; DR Joshua Grossman; Schuler Shook; DE Joel A Guerra; Texas Scenic Company; DR Rod Haney; I.A.T.S.E. Local 891; U Tim Hansen; Oasis Stage Werks; DR Pete Happe; Walt Disney Company; U Herb Hart; Columbus McKinnon
23、Corp.; MP David Herrmann; Motion Laboratories; CP Peter Herrmann; Motion Laboratories; CP Wendy Holt; Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers; G Joseph Jeremy; Niscon Inc.; CP Rodney F. Kaiser; Wenger Corp.; CP Christine L. Kaiser; Syracuse Scenery DR Theresa Kelley; Total Structures Inc
24、.; MP Kandie Koed; Total Structures Inc.; MP Jerald Kraft; SECOA; CP Edwin S.; Kramer; I.A.T.S.E. Local 1; U Kyle Kusmer; Steven Schaefer Associates; G Roger Lattin; I.A.T.S.E. Local 728; U Michael Lichter; Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.; MP Dan Lisowski; University of Wisconsin - Madison; U Jose
25、ph McGeough; Foy Inventerprises, Inc.; CP Orestes Mihaly; Production Resource Group; DR Jeff T. Miller; Walt Disney Company; U John (Jack) Miller; I Weiss; CP Rick Montgomery; R MP Reid Neslage; H MP Mark Newlin; Xtreme Structures and Fabrication; MP page v James Niesel; Arup; DE Richard J. Nix; Ste
26、ven Schaefer Associates; G Shawn Nolan; Production Resource Group; DR Tracy Nunnally; Hall Associates Flying Effects; CP Edward A. (Ted) Paget; Daktronics Inc. ; CP Miriam Paschetto; Geiger Engineers; G Rocky Paulson; Freeman Companies; DR Troy Post; R MP Woody Pyeatt; A V Pro, Inc.; DR Gregory Quin
27、kert; Motion Laboratories; CP John Ringelman; Freeman Companies; DR Rick Rosas; Texas Scenic Company; DR Shawn Sack; Columbus McKinnon Corp.; MP Bill Sapsis; Sapsis Rigging, Inc.; U Steven C. Shaw; Aerial Rigging; DR Stephen G. Surratt; Texas Scenic Company; DR Peter V. Svitavsky; Wenger Corp.; CP H
28、arvey Sweet; Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.; MP Will Todd; Vitec Group plc; MP Elmer Veith; Total Structures, Inc.; MP Steve Walker; Steve A. Walker G Charlie Weiner; Charlie Weiner; U Michael Wells; Xtreme Structures and Fabrication; MP Marty Wesstrom; Mountain Productions Inc.; DR Jeff Wilkowsk
29、i; Thern, Inc.; MP Frank Willard; Syracuse Scenery DR R. Duane Wilson; Amer. Society of Theatre Consultants; DE Robert Young; Arup; DE Art Zobal; Columbus McKinnon Corp.; MP Observer (non-voting) members: Brent Armstong; U William Ian Auld; Auld Entertainment; U Warren A. Bacon; U Rinus Bakker; Rhin
30、o Rigs B.V.; G Robert Barbagallo; Solotech Inc.; DR Roger Barrett; Star Events Group Ltd.; DR F. Robert Bauer; F.R. Bauer G Maria Bement; MGM Grand; U Roy Bickel; G Lee J. Bloch; Bloch Design Group, Inc.; G David Bond; Show Restraint Ltd.; U William Bradburn; Aerial Arts, Inc.; U Louis Bradfield; U
31、Buddy Braile; Bestek Lighting U Barry Brazell; U Andr Broucke; Andr Broucke; G David M. Campbell; Geiger Engineers; G Michael J. Carnaby; Mikan Theatricals; DR Daniel J. Clark; Clark-Reder Engineering, Inc.; G Ian Coles; Total Structures, Inc.; MP Gregory C. Collis; I.A.T.S.E. Local 16; G Randall W.
32、 A. Davidson; Risk International U Robert Dean; ZFX Flying Inc.; DR Franois Deffarges; Nexo; MP Cristina Delboni; Feeling Structures; MP Jim Digby; Linkin Park Touring/The Collective; U page vi Noga Eilon-Bahar; Eilon Engineering Industrial Weighing Systems; MP James B. Evans; Mountain Productions I
33、nc.; DR Tim Franklin; Theta-Consulting; G Luca Galante; Alfa System Sas; CP Jay O. Glerum; Jay O. Glerum U Rand Goddard; W.E. Palmer Co.; CP Reuben Goldberg; Technic Services; U Thomas M. Granucci; San Diego State University; U Sean Harding; High Output, Inc.; G Greg Hareld; Kleege Industries; U Dea
34、n Hart; Freeman Companies; U Ben Hayes; Freedom Flying; G Marc Hendriks; Prolyte; MP Ted Hickey; OAP Audio Products; MP Chris Higgs; Total Solutions Group; G Daniel Lynn Houser; Real Rigging Solutions, LLC; U Donald Hoffend III; Avista Designs, LLC; G Wes Jenkins; Down Stage Right Industries; CP Pet
35、er Johns; Total Structures, Inc.; MP Ted Jones; Chicago Spotlight, Inc.; U Kent H. Jorgensen; IATSE Local 80; G Donald A. Hoffend_Jr.; Avista Designs, LLC; G Gary Justesen; Oasis Stage Werks; DR John Kaes; John Kaes; U JoAnna Kamorin-Lloyd; Vincent Lighting Systems; U Nevin Kleege; Kleege Industries
36、; U Ken Lager; Pook, Diemont DR Jon Lagerquist; South Coast Repertory; U Eugene Leitermann; Theatre Projects Consultants, Inc.; G Jon Lenard; Applied Electronics; MP John Van Lennep; Theatrix Inc.; DR Mylan Lester; Creation Logics Ltd.; U Baer Long; Act 1 Rigging Inc.; G Dennis J. Lopez; Automatic D
37、evices Co.; MP Darren Lucier; North Guard Fall protection Inc.; U Sam Lunetta; Michael Andrews; DR Aleksandrs Lupinskis; Real Rigging Solutions, LLC; U Gary Mardling; Kish Rigging; DR Chuck McClelland; Jeamar Winches Inc.; MP Richard C. Mecke; Texas Scenic Company; DR Orestes Mihaly; Production Reso
38、urce Group; DR Hank Miller; W.E. Palmer Co.; CP Shaun Millington; SEW-Eurodrive, Inc.; MP Timothy Mills; Geiger Engineers; G Scott Mohr; R G Martin Moore; Martin Moore; G John “Andrew“ Munro; animaenagerie; U Bob Murphy; Occams Razor Technical Services; G Steve Nelson; Educational Theatre Associatio
39、n; U Rikki Newman; U Michael Patterson; Pook Diemont CP Rocky Paulson; Freeman Companies; DR G. Anthony Phillips; I.A.T.S.E. Local 16; U Philip J. Pisczak; The National Telephone Supply Company; G Michael Powers; Central Lighting DR Kurt Pragman; Pragman Associates, LLC; G Michael Reed; Reed Rigging
40、, Inc.; DR page vii Mark Riddlesperger; LA ProPoint, Inc.; CP Timo Risku; Akumek; DE Jean-Philippe Robitaille; Show Distribution Group, Inc.; DR Peter A. Scheu; Scheu Consulting Services, Inc.; G Peter “Punch“ Christian Schmidtke ; Hollywood Lighting, Inc.; DR Monica Skjonberg; Skjonberg Controls, I
41、nc.; CP Knut Skjonberg; Skjonberg Controls, Inc.; CP William Scott Sloan; U John C. Snook; Thermotex Industries Inc.; CP Michael L. Savage, Sr.; Middle Dept. Inspection Agency, Inc.; G Rob Stevenson; SEW-Eurodrive, Inc.; MP Joachim Stoecker; CAMCO GmbH; MP Andy Sutton; AFX UK Ltd.; U Katherine Tharp
42、; LA ProPoint, Inc.; CP Stephen Vanciel; U Bill Waters; Conductix-Wampfler; MP Michael G. Wiener; Aerial Rigging U Jiantong Wu; Beijing Special Engineering Design G Interest category codes: CP = custom-market producer DE = designer DR = dealer rental company G = general interest MP = mass-market pro
43、ducer U = userpage viii Contents Notice and Disclaimer i Contact Information . iii Acknowledgments iv Foreword ix 1 Scope 1 1.1 General 1 1.2 Annex Note References .1 2 Definitions .1 3 Reference to Other Codes and Standards .2 4 Enclosure Classification* 2 5 Manufacture 2 5.1 Enclosure Construction
44、 2 5.1.1 Mechanical 2 5.1.2 Enclosure Design Documentation .2 5.1.3 Enclosure WLL* .2 5.2 Component Part Security .2 5.2.1 Class A* .2 5.2.2 Class B and Class C* 3 5.2.3 Class D* .3 5.3 Enclosure Suspension Hardware .3 5.3.1 Design Quality .3 5.3.2 Vibration* .3 5.3.3 Corrosion Resistance 3 5.3.4 St
45、rength .3 6 Quality Control Systems .4 6.1 Product Identification Marking 4 6.2 Enclosure Traceability 4 6.3 Hardware Traceability 4 6.3.1 Exceptions .4 6.4 Quality Control .4 6.5 Quality Assurance 4 6.6 Training Program .4 6.7 Documentation Revision Policy .5 7 Testing 5 7.1 Test Method .5 7.1.1 Co
46、mplete Testing 5 7.1.2 Test loads 5 7.1.3 Failure mode5 7.1.4 Repeatability of Test Results.5 7.1.5 Alternative Test Methods .5 7.2 Test Controls 5 7.2.1 Documentation of results .5 7.2.2 Test information .5 8 Manufacturer Product Representation 6 8.1 Rigging Inquiry Policy 6 8.2 Print or Control Do
47、cumentation Availability Policy .6 9 Instructions for the Installer and User .6 9.1 Enclosure Suspension Instructions 6 9.2 Maintenance and Inspection Instructions 6 9.3 Customer Service .6 10 Annex Notes (informative) 6 An asterisk (*) next to a clause number indicates there is a matching explanato
48、ry clause in Appendix A. ANSI E1.8 - 2012 Rig/1997-2021r16 2017 ESTA Page ix Foreword The ANSI E1.8 project was initially conceived, developed and subsequently approved as an American National Standard to improve safety with respects to loudspeaker enclosures intended for overhead suspension. This s
49、tandard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to regulatory bodies, municipalities and others having jurisdiction responsibilities for inspection of the equipment covered by its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees. Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. This revision of the original standard considers evolving change
