1、Designation: F1511 18 An American National StandardStandard Specification forMechanical Seals for Shipboard Pump Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1511; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers mechanical end-face seals forcentrifugal and positive displacement pumps for s
3、hipboard use.1.2 The following types of seals are not included in thisspecification: lip seals, oil seals, circumferential seals, orlabyrinth seals.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that ar
4、e provided for information onlyand are not considered standard. A companion hard metricstandard is in the process of preparation.1.4 Special requirements for U.S. Navy Shipboard PumpApplications are included in Supplement S1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internati
5、onally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A108 Spec
6、ification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedA182/A182M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy andStainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valvesand Parts for High-Temperature ServiceA240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and St
7、rip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsA276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA313/A313M Specification for Stainless Steel Spring WireA351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, forPressure-Containing PartsA436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsA494/A4
8、94M Specification for Castings, Nickel and NickelAlloyA564/A564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA579/A579M Specification for Superstrength Alloy SteelForgingsA693 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Stainlessand Heat-Resisting Steel
9、Plate, Sheet, and StripA744/A744M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe ServiceB62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce MetalCastingsB127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400)Plate, Sheet, and StripB164 Specification for Nickel-Copper
10、 Alloy Rod, Bar, andWireB166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNSN06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025,N06045, and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06674) Rod, Bar, andWireB168 Specification for Nickel
11、-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNSN06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025,N06045, and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06674) Plate, Sheet,and StripB271 Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifugal Cast-ingsB333 Specificat
12、ion for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate,Sheet, and StripB335 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy RodB338 Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium andTitanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchang-ersB348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Barsand BilletsB367 Specification
13、for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Cast-ings1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 onMachinery and Piping Systems.Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyap
14、proved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F1511 16. DOI:10.1520/F1511-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summ
15、ary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles
16、 for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1B443 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy(UNS N06625) and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-SiliconAlloy (UNS N06219) Plate,
17、 Sheet,and StripB446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650)Rod and BarB472 Specification for Nickel Alloy Billets and Bars forReforgingB473 Specificat
18、ion for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and WireB505/B505M Specification for Copper Alloy ContinuousCastingsB584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forGeneral ApplicationsB637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and ColdWorked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and F
19、orging Stockfor Moderate or High Temperature ServiceB670 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening NickelAlloy(UNS N07718) Plate, Sheet, and Strip for High-Temperature ServiceD1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute OceanWaterD1418 Practice for Rubber and Rubber LaticesNomenclatureD3294 Spec
20、ification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Resin Molded Sheet and Molded Basic ShapesD3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging2.2 ASQ Standards:3ASQC Z1.4 American Society of Quality, Quality Confor-mance Inspection2.3 ANSI Standards:4ANSI Y14.1 Drawing Sheet Size and FormatANSI Y14.2 Line Convention
21、 and LetteringANSI Y14.3 Multi and Sectional View DrawingsANSI Y14.5 Dimensioning and Tolerancing for EngineeringDrawingsANSI Y14.6 Screw Thread RepresentationANSI Y14.26.3 Computer-Aided Preparation of ProductionDefinition Data, Terms and Definitions2.4 Military Standards:5MIL-S-901 Shock Tests, H.
22、I. (High Impact); ShipboardMachinery, Equipment CF8,8A; CF8C; CF10)Alloyed stainless steel (cast) A744/A744M (CN-7M, CN-7MS)17-4 PH A564/A564M and A693 (UNS S17400)AM 350 A579/A579M (Grade 61)NiCuAB164 (UNS N04400, N04405), B127,A494/A494M (Grades M35-1,M35-2,M-30H, M-25S)NiMo A494/A494M (Grades CW-
23、2M, N-12 MV)NiMoB(Alloy B) B333 and B335 (UNS N10001, N10665,N10675)NiCrFeCNiCrMoCo B166, B168NiCr B637, B670NiCrMoCbDB443, B446Steel A108Austenetic grey iron A436Titanium B338, B348, B367Nickel cast iron (ductile nodularor graphitic)A436 Type 1AMonel7or equivalent has been found satisfactory for th
24、is purpose.BHastelloy B or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.CInconel X7508or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.DInconel 6258or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.6.3 Face MaterialsMechanical seal-wearing faces shallbe selected to prov
25、ide the desired performance and corrosionresistance for the specified design life of the seal.6.3.1 Performance ranges for face combinations are listed inTable 2.6.3.2 Face materials shall be of solid construction only; nooverlays, deposited coatings, or sprayed on coatings arepermitted.6.3.3 Carbon
26、 is preferred for one of the faces unless theservice is abrasive, dirty, or chemically active.6.3.4 For special service requirements, hard on hard sealface combinations may be required. Face materialcombinations, such as silicon carbide versus silicon carbide,silicon carbide versus tungsten carbide,
27、 and tungsten carbideversus tungsten carbide, may be used as similar or dissimilarcontacting face materials when recommended by the supplierand approved by the user.6.4 Face Material Specifications:6.4.1 CarbonSuitable for service as recommended by themanufacturer. A carbon seal grade is a material
28、having carbo-naceous filler system comprised of pitch and resins, compactedand baked to a final temperature. These grades are subse-quently impregnated with resin until they become impervious.All available carbons may not be suitable for a particularapplication. Carbons considered for use in a parti
29、cular appli-cation shall be checked for suitability in accordance with therequirements of this specification.6.4.2 Tungsten Carbide6 to 10 % nickel or cobalt-boundsolid tungsten carbide.7The term “Monel” and the Monel logo are trademarks of the Special MetalsCorporation, Huntington, WV, USA.8The ter
30、m “Inconel” and the Inconel logo are trademarks of the Special MetalsCorporation, Huntington, WV, USA.FIG. 7 Ordering Data ChecklistF1511 186FIG. 8 Stuffing Box ArrangementF1511 1876.4.3 Ceramic99.5 % minimum alumina ceramic suitablefor the service as recommended by the manufacturer.6.4.4 Silicon Ca
31、rbide(a) Reaction-BondedSolid fine-grained reaction-bonded silicon carbide 8 to 12 % free silicon,essentially free of carbon, impervious structure requiring noimpregnant. (b) Reaction-Bonded With GraphiteA compos-ite material of fine-grain reaction-bonded silicon carbide; 5 to10 % free silicon and 1
32、0 to 30 % graphite; impervious structurerequiring no impregnant. (c) Direct SinteredSolid homoge-neous silicon carbide essentially free of silicon and carbon,impervious structure requiring no impregnant. (d) Direct Sin-tered Silicon CarbideContains 10 % free graphite. (e) Sili-conized Carbon Graphit
33、eApproximately 0.025-in. (0.64-mm) thick conversion of silicon carbide on carbon substructureand impregnated with thermosetting resin.6.5 Elastomeric Materials:6.5.1 Special care should be given to the selection andinstallation of elastomeric components, such as bellows andO-rings. One of the most i
34、mportant considerations for elasto-mers is fluid compatibility. Table 3 references most shipboardapplications. Consult the seal manufacturer for fluids not listed.6.5.2 Material Classification/Specification:6.5.2.1 NitrilePractice D1418, Class Designation NBR.6.5.2.2 ChloroprenePractice D1418, Class
35、 DesignationCR.FIG. 9 Stuffing Box DimensionsTABLE 1 Metal Component CompatibilityNOTE 1For fluids or materials not covered here, seal selection to be mutually agreed upon by seal manufacturer, pump supplier, and end user.NOTE 2 X = Suitable for use as seal components.FluidMaterialsABrass316 Stainle
36、ssSteelNi-Cu Alloy 20Highly AlloyedStainlessSteelNi-Mo Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb Ni-Cr-FeFresh WaterDemineralized water X X X X XBoiler feed X X X X XPotable X X X X X X XSalt WaterSeawater X X X X XDistiller brine X X X XFuel OilNavy distillate X X X X X XJP-5 X X X X X XDiesel X X X X X XKerosene X X X X X XCru
37、de oil X X X X X XLube oil X X X X X XSewage X X X X XASee Section 6 for material specifications.F1511 1886.5.2.3 FluorocarbonPractice D1418, Class DesignationFKM.6.5.2.4 Ethylene Propylene (EP)Practice D1418, ClassDesignation EPM/EPDM.6.5.2.5 PerfluoroelastomerPractice D1418, Class Desig-nation FFK
38、M.6.5.2.6 Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)SpecificationD3294.6.5.2.7 Corrugated graphite ribbon packing.6.5.3 Ethylene propylene (EP) rubber shall not be lubricatedwith any petroleum base substances. Check Section 11 andAppendix X1 or manufacturers recommendations before usingany lubricant.7. Performan
39、ce Requirements7.1 Seal life shall be defined in terms of the time period inwhich the mechanical seal functions properly under its speci-fied service.7.1.1 The minimum operational life of a mechanical sealshall be 16 000 statistical hours provided that the equipment ismaintained and operated in acco
40、rdance with the requirementsof Section 8.7.1.2 During any portion of the service life, the dynamicleakage shall not exceed five drops per minute for Class 0seals.After initial installation, hydrostatic leakage shall be zerofor a 5-min period, when the equipment is subjected to systempressure.7.1.3 A
41、ll split mechanical seals, Classes 1 through 4, mayexperience higher leakage rates than Class 0, solid mechanicalseals. A leakage rate of five drops per minute shall beacceptable after completion of the manufacturers recom-mended break-in period.7.1.3.1 Some leakage may occur between the seal facesu
42、pon startup. If leakage is less than 30 drops a minute thisshould improve as the faces “run-in.” If leakage is greater than30 drops a minute, then the seal, equipment, or the operatingconditions, or combination thereof, should be examined todetermine the probable cause for the leakage. If the sealin
43、stallation is determined to be the root cause of the leakage,then the seal should be inspected for nicked or cut O-rings,misaligned seal faces halves, chipped or cracked seal faces, orany other issues that may cause the leakage.7.1.4 In special applications of extreme environmentalparameters, such a
44、s high temperature with limited cooling,high pressure/velocity, extreme abrasion, unusual equipmentvibration, shaft end-play, or run-out, the pump and sealmanufacturers shall agree upon the best achievable minimumoperating life requirements and leakage performance.7.1.5 Double or special seal arrang
45、ements may be requiredin applications in which zero product leakage to the environ-ment is required such as hazardous fluids, fuel oil, acids,chemicals, and sewage. Consult the seal manufacturer forrecommendations.8. Design Requirements8.1 Installation Arrangements:8.1.1 Type A mechanical seals shal
46、l be provided unlessotherwise specified.8.1.2 Tandem or double mechanical seals may be installedin special applications in which it is determined that a bufferfluid system is required for lubrication, containment, or safety.8.2 Finish and tolerance requirements for primary seal ringand mating ring s
47、urface flatness of Class 0 mechanicals sealsshall be three light bands or better as measured under amonochromatic, helium light source.8.3 Requirements for Installation of Classes 1 Through 4Split Mechanical Seals:8.3.1 Classes 1 through 4, split mechanical seals, may befurnished for shaft/sleeve di
48、ameters of 112 in. (38.1 mm) andabove.8.3.2 For split mechanical seal installations, a minimum of3 in. (76.2 mm) of axial space, measured from the stuffing boxface to the first obstruction, shall be provided for Classes 2 and4 seals. Additional space, at least equal to the gland thickness,may be req
49、uired for Classes 1 and 3 seals.8.3.3 Classes 1 through 4, split mechanical seals, shall bedesigned to operate under a minimum reverse differentialpressure condition of 15-in. Hg (50.8 kPa).8.4 The requirement for a balanced or unbalanced seal willvary dependent upon the combination of various design andperformance factors. Balanced seals shall normally be suppliedfor pressures greater than 150 psi (1.03 MPa) unless the sealmanufacturer provides alternative recommendations for spe-cific applications. Selection of a balanced or unbalanced sealdesign must sat
