1、Designation: E2404 17 An American National StandardStandard Practice forSpecimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper orPolymeric (Including Vinyl) and Wood Wall or CeilingCoverings, Facings and Veneers, to Assess Surface BurningCharacteristics1This standard is issued under the fixed designati
2、on E2404; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or re
3、approval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures for specimen prepa-ration and mounting when testing textile, paper, vinyl, ex-panded vinyl or other polymeric wall or ceiling coveringmaterials to assess flame spread and smoke development assurface burning characteristics using Test Method E84
4、.1.2 This practice applies also to facings or wood veneersintended to be applied on site over a wood substrate (see 8.7).1.3 This practice applies also to water-resistive barriers thatare used as a component of exterior wall systems, as part of theexterior envelope (see 3.2.10 and 8.9).1.4 This prac
5、tice does not apply to the following:1.4.1 Laminated products factory produced with a woodsubstrate, which are covered by Practice E2579.1.4.2 Water-resistive barriers comprised of foam plasticmaterials contained within the wall system (see 5.3.1).1.4.3 Water vapor retarders used, in conjunction wit
6、h ther-mal insulation, on the interior or exterior side of an exteriorwall (see 3.2.11 and 5.3.1).1.5 Testing is conducted with Test Method E84.1.6 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that canbe used as a regulatory tool.1.7 Use the values stated in inch-pound units as thestandard, in
7、referee decisions. The values in the SI system ofunits are given in parentheses, for information only; seeIEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.1.8 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitativemeasures.1.9 Fire testing of products and materials is inherentlyhazardous, and adequate safeguar
8、ds for personnel and propertyshall be employed in conducting these tests. Fire testinginvolves hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. Thisstandard gives instructions on specimen preparation andmounting, but the fire-test-response method is given in TestMethod E84. See also Section 10.1.10 T
9、his standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 The text of thi
10、s standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshall not be considered requirements of the standard.1.12 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the D
11、ecision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement SheetsC1396/C1396M Specification for
12、 Gypsum BoardE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE2573 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting ofSite-Fabricated Stretch Systems to Assess Surface Burn-ing CharacteristicsE2579 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting
13、 ofWood Products to Assess Surface Burning CharacteristicsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 International System of Units (SI): TheModern Metric System1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on FireStandards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on SurfaceBurning.Current editi
14、on approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E2404-15a. DOI: 10.1520/E2404-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand
15、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles
16、 on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.12.2 CSA Standard:3CSA O121 Douglas Fir Plywood2.3 NIST Standard:4Voluntary Produ
17、ct Standard PS 1-07 Structural Plywood3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this prac-tice refer to the terminology contained in Terminology E176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 expanded vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall orceiling covering consi
18、sting of a woven textile backing, anexpanded vinyl base coat layer (which is a homogeneous vinyllayer that contains a blowing agent), and a nonexpanded vinylskin coat.3.2.2 paper wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceilingcovering with a top layer consisting of paper or an alternativecellulosic-bas
19、ed material, but not consisting of a wood product.3.2.3 polymeric wall or ceiling covering, na wall orceiling covering with a top layer consisting of polymeric-basedmaterial.3.2.4 self-supporting specimen, na specimen that remainsin place by its own structural characteristics both before andduring t
20、he fire test.3.2.5 site-fabricated stretch system, na system, fabricatedon site and intended for acoustical, tackable or aestheticpurposes, that is comprised of three elements: (a) a frame(constructed of plastic, wood, metal, or other material) used tohold fabric in place, (b) a core material (infil
21、l, with the correctproperties for the application), and (c) an outside layer,comprised of a textile, fabric or vinyl, that is stretched taut andheld in place by tension or mechanical fasteners via the frame.3.2.6 textile, noriginally a woven fabric, now generallyapplied to (1) staple fibers and fila
22、ments suitable for conversionto or use as yarns or for the preparation of nonwoven fabrics,(2) yarns made from natural or manufactured fibers, and (3)fabrics made from fibers as defined in (1) and (2) and fromyarns.3.2.7 vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceilingcovering produced by applying
23、 a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC,vinyl) based coating, or laminating a preformed vinyl film,onto a woven or nonwoven fabric substrate or paper.3.2.8 wall or ceiling covering, na textile-, paper- orpolymeric (including vinyl) based product designed to beattached to a wall or ceiling surface for decorativ
24、e or acousticalpurposes.3.2.8.1 DiscussionWall or ceiling coverings with ink ortopcoat layers added as part of the manufacturing process areincluded in this definition.3.2.9 wall or ceiling covering system, nan assembly of atextile wall or ceiling covering, a paper wall or ceiling coveringor a polym
25、eric (including vinyl) wall or ceiling covering,adhesive (if used), and substrate (if it is part of the assembly)used as a wall or ceiling treatment for decorative or acousticalpurposes.3.2.9.1 DiscussionThe wall or ceiling covering material isusually intended to be directly attached to a substrate,
26、 viaadhesives or mechanical fasteners. In some cases the wall orceiling covering system will be supported by a frame systemsome distance away from the wall or ceiling covering material.3.2.10 water-resistive barrier, na material behind an ex-terior wall covering that is intended to resist liquid wat
27、er thathas penetrated behind the exterior covering from furtherintruding into the exterior wall assembly.3.2.10.1 DiscussionThe definition above is the way thatthe International Code Council building code defines and usesthe term.3.2.11 water vapor retarder, na material or system thatimpedes the tra
28、nsmission of water vapor under specifiedconditions.3.2.11.1 DiscussionThe definition above is identical to thedefinitions of water vapor retarder contained in the terminologystandards of ASTM Committees C16 (on Thermal Insulation)and E06 (on Buildings).4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describ
29、es procedures for specimen prepa-ration and mounting when testing textile, paper, vinyl, ex-panded vinyl, or other polymeric wall or ceiling coverings toassess flame spread and smoke development as surface burningcharacteristics using Test Method E84.4.2 This practice also describes procedures for s
30、pecimenpreparation and mounting for facings or wood veneers intendedto be applied on site over a wood substrate and for water-resistive barriers.5. Significance and Use5.1 Textile, paper, vinyl, expanded vinyl or other polymericwall or ceiling coverings and wall or ceiling covering systemsused as in
31、terior finish are often evaluated with Test MethodE84 to comply with building or life safety code requirements.This practice describes specimen preparation and mountingprocedures for such materials and systems.5.2 This practice also describes specimen preparation andmounting procedures for other sys
32、tems that are evaluated withTest Method E84 to comply with building or life safety coderequirements. Such systems are facings or wood veneersintended to be applied on site over a wood substrate andwater-resistive barriers.5.3 This practice is not applicable to the following materi-als:5.3.1 Foam pla
33、stic materials used as water-resistive barriers.5.3.2 Water vapor retarders installed over thermal insula-tion.6. Conditioning6.1 The test specimens shall be conditioned as described inthe section on specimen conditioning in Test Method E84.3Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 R
34、exdale Blvd.,Toronto, ON Canada M9W 1R3.4Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.E2404 1727. Test Specimens7.1 The test specimen sizes shall comply with those de-scribed in the test specimen section of Test Method E84. Thetest
35、specimens shall be butted against the vent end of the firetest chamber and shall consist of a continuous, unbrokenlength, or of sections joined end-to-end. The test specimensshall have a width of 20 to 24 in. (510 to 610 mm), a length of24 ft + 12 in. 6 in. (7.32 m + 305 mm 152 mm) and amaximum thic
36、kness of 4 in. (101 mm).7.2 The wall covering system test specimens shall beprepared as described in Section 8.8. Test Specimen Preparation8.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering system uses anadhesive to attach a wall or ceiling covering material, theadhesive specified by the manufacturer shall be
37、used forconstruction of the test specimen in accordance with the wall orceiling covering manufacturer application instructions.8.1.1 If the wall or ceiling covering system is a factory-produced wall panel, the adhesive shall be the same one usedin the manufacture of the factory-produced wall or ceil
38、ingpanel.8.2 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be AppliedDirectly to a Noncombustible Wall or Ceiling SurfaceIf thewall or ceiling coverings are intended to be applied directly toa noncombustible wall or ceiling surface, the specimens shallconsist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on a14 i
39、n. (6.3mm) thick fiber-cement board, complying with SpecificationC1186 (Grade II) and the requirements contained in the Annexon Fiber-Cement Board Requirements of Test Method E84.Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84furnace without using additional means of support.8.3 Wall or Cei
40、ling Coverings Intended to be Applied overGypsum BoardIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended tobe applied over gypsum board, the specimens shall consist ofthe wall or ceiling covering mounted on a58 in. (15.9 mm)thick Type X gypsum board, complying with SpecificationC1396/C1396M. The gypsum b
41、oard shall not be required to bemounted on studs. Mount the specimens on the ledges of theTest Method E84 furnace without using additional means ofsupport.8.3.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering has been testedusing the test specimen described in 8.3 (over gypsum board),it shall not be required to
42、 be additionally tested mounted on afiber-cement board.8.4 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied over aWood SubstrateIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intendedto be applied over a wood substrate, the specimens shall consistof the wall or ceiling covering mounted on untreated plywood,wi
43、th a face veneer of Douglas fir. The plywood shall have thesame thickness as the wood substrate used in field practice, andshall comply with NIST Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07,Structural Plywood. The plywood shall carry a grade stampindicating that the plywood has been graded PS 1-07 A-B andis
44、for exterior exposure. The plywood shall contain a gradestamp issued by a quality control agency. Alternatively, theplywood shall be permitted to be stamped as conforming toCSA Standard O121 (Douglas fir plywood). Mount the speci-mens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace withoutusing an addi
45、tional means of support.8.5 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied overSubstrates other than Wood, Gypsum Board or Noncombus-tible SurfacesIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended tobe applied over substrates other than wood, gypsum board ornoncombustible surfaces, the specimens shall
46、 consist of thewall or ceiling covering mounted on the substrate to be used infield practice. Mount the specimens on the ledges of the TestMethod E84 furnace without using an additional means ofsupport.8.6 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Not Intended to be AdheredDirectly to a Wall or Ceiling Surface, but
47、 Intended to beOtherwise Supported by Framing or a Track SystemThespecimens shall be prepared in accordance with the require-ments of Practice E2573, in the same way that specimens ofsite-fabricated stretch systems are prepared.8.7 Facings or Wood Veneers Intended to be Applied On-siteOver a Wood Su
48、bstrate:8.7.1 If the facing or wood veneer is intended to be appliedon-site over a wood substrate, the specimens shall comply with8.7.1.1 as well as with 8.1.8.7.1.1 The specimens shall consist of the facing or woodveneer mounted on the “A” face of nominal1532 in. untreatedplywood with a face veneer
49、 of Douglas fir. The plywood shallcomply with NIST Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07. Theplywood shall carry the grade stamp of either APA-TheEngineered Wood Association5or TECO6, indicating that theplywood has been graded PS 1-07 A-C and is for exteriorexposure. Alternatively, the plywood shall be permitted to bestamped as conforming to CSA O121 (Standard for Douglas firplywood). Mount the specimens on the ledges of the TestMethod E84 furnace without using additional means of sup-port.8.8 Laminated Products Factory-produced with a WoodSubstrateIf the lam
