1、Designation: D3754 14 An American National StandardStandard Specification for“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Sewer and Industrial Pressure Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3754; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers machine-made fiberglass pipe,8 in.
3、 (200 mm) through 156 in. (4000 mm), for use in pressuresystems for conveying sanitary sewage, storm water, and manyindustrial wastes, and corrosive fluids. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.This sta
4、ndard is suited primarily for pipes to be installed inburied applications, although it may be used to the extentapplicable for other installations such as, but not limited to,jacking, tunnel lining and slip-lining and rehabilitation ofexisting pipelines. Pipe covered by this specification is in-tend
5、ed to operate at internal gage pressures of 450 psi (3103kPa) or less.NOTE 1For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not includenatural polymers.1.2 The values given in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are providedfor information purposes onl
6、y.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safet
7、y and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.NOTE 2There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance ofThermosetting
8、Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedStructures Intended for Liquid ServiceD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
9、alsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength ofPlastic or Reinforced Plastic PipeD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loadin
10、gD2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured ReinforcedResinsD2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-sign Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass”(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosettin
11、g Resin) Pipe andFittingsD3681 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiberglass”(GlassFiberReinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe in aDeflected ConditionD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4161 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Joints Using
12、 Flex-ible Elastomeric SealsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-ing Plastic Pipe2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 1172 Textile Glass Reinforced PlasticsDeterminationof Loss on Ignition31This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
13、 Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on ReinforcedPlastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved 2011 as D3754 11. DOI:10.1520/D3754-14
14、.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
15、, 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.3 AWWA Standard:AWWA C-950 Glass-Fiber Reinforced Th
16、ermosetting ResinPressure Pipe43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology D883 or Terminology F412 and abbreviations withTerminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fiberglass pipea tubular pro
17、duct containing glassfiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin. The composite structure may containaggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents,pigments, or dyes. Thermoplastic or thermosetting liners orcoatings may be included.3.2.2 flexible jointa jo
18、int that is capable of axial displace-ment or angular rotation, or both.3.2.3 industrial pipepipe designed for internal, or externalenvironments, or both, commonly encountered in industrialpiping systems used for many process solutions or effluents.3.2.4 linera resin layer, with or without filler or
19、reinforcement, or both, forming the interior surface of the pipe.3.2.5 qualification testone or more tests used to prove thedesign of a product. Not a routine quality control test.3.2.6 reinforced polymer mortar pipea fiberglass pipewith aggregate.3.2.7 reinforced thermosetting resin pipea fiberglas
20、s pipewithout aggregate.3.2.8 rigid jointa joint that is not capable of axial dis-placement or angular rotation.3.2.9 surface layera resin layer, with or without filler orreinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior surface of thepipe structural wall.4. Classification4.1 GeneralThis specification
21、 covers fiberglass sewer andindustrial pressure pipe defined by raw materials in thestructural wall (type) and liner, surface layer material (grade),operating pressure (class), and pipe stiffness. Table 1 lists thetypes, liners, grades, classes, and stiffnesses that are covered.NOTE 3All possible co
22、mbinations of types, liners, grades, classes, andstiffness may not be commercially available. Additional types, liners,grades, and stiffnesses may be added as they become commerciallyavailable. The purchaser should determine for himself or consult with themanufacturer for the proper class, type, lin
23、er, grade, and stiffness of pipeto be used under the installation and operating conditions that will exist forthe project in which the pipe is to be used.4.2 Designation RequirementsThe pipe materials designa-tion code shall consist of the standard designation, ASTMD3754, followed by type, liner, an
24、d grade in arabic numerals,class by the letter C with two or three arabic numerals, and pipestiffness by a capital letter. Table 1 presents a summary of thedesignation requirements. Thus a complete material code shallconsist of ASTM D3754, three numerals, C.and two or threenumerals, and a capital le
25、tter.NOTE 4Examples of the designation codes are as follows: (1) ASTMD3754-1-1-3-C50-A for glass-fiber-reinforced aggregate and polyesterresin mortar pipe with a reinforced thermoset liner and an unreinforcedpolyester resin and sand surface layer, for operation at 50 psi (345 kPa),and having a minim
26、um pipe stiffness of 9 psi (62 kPa). (2) ASTMD3754-4-2-6-C200-C for glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin pipe with anunreinforced thermoset liner, no surface layer, for operation at 200 psi(1380 kPa) and having a minimum pipe stiffness of 36 psi (248 kPa).NOTE 5Although the “Form and Style for ASTM St
27、andards” manualrequires that the type classification be roman numerals, it is recognizedthat few companies have stencil-cutting equipment for this style of type,and it is therefore acceptable to mark the product type in arabic numbers.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 GeneralThe thermosetting resins,
28、glass fiberreinforcements, fillers, and other materials, when combined asa composite structure, shall produce piping products that meetthe performance requirements of this specification.4Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. QuincyAve., Denver, CO 80235, http:/www.awwa.org.
29、TABLE 1 General Designation Requirements for Fiberglass Pressure PipeDesig-nationProperty Cell LimitsA1 Type 1glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting polyesterBresinmortar (RPMP polyester)B2glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting polyesterBresin(RTRP polyester)B3glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting epoxy res
30、inmortar (RPMP epoxy)4glass-fiber-reinforcedthermosetting epoxy resin(RTRP epoxy)2 Liner 1reinforced thermoset liner2non-reinforced thermoset liner3thermoplastic liner4no liner3 Grade 1Polyester resinsurface layerreinforcedB2polyesterBresinsurface layernonreinforcedB3polyesterBresin andsand surface
31、layernonreinforced4epoxy resinsurface layerreinforced5epoxy resinsurface layernonreinforced6No surfacelayer4 ClassCC50 C100 C150 C200 C250 C300 C350 C400 C4505 Pipe Stiffnesspsi (kPa)A9 (62)B18 (124)C36 (248)D72 (496)ABCAThe cell-type format provides the means of identification and specification of
32、piping materials. This cell-type format, however, is subject to misapplication sinceunobtainable property combinations can be selected if the user is not familiar with commercially available products. The manufacturer should be consulted.BFor the purposes of this standard, polyester includes vinyl e
33、ster resin.CBased on operating pressure in psig (numerals).D3754 1425.2 Wall CompositionThe basic structural wall composi-tion shall consist of a thermosetting resin, glass-fiberreinforcement, and, if used, an aggregate filler.5.2.1 ResinA thermosetting polyester or epoxy resin, withor without fille
34、r.5.2.2 AggregateA siliceous sand conforming to the re-quirements of Specification C33, except that the requirementsfor gradation shall not apply.5.2.3 ReinforcementA commercial grade of glass fiberscompatible with the resin used.5.3 Liner and Surface LayersA liner or surface layer, orboth, when inc
35、orporated into or onto the pipe shall meet thechemical and structural requirements of this specification.5.4 JointsThe pipe shall have a joining system that shallprovide for fluid tightness for the intended service condition. Aparticular type of joint may be restrained or unrestrained andflexible or
36、 rigid depending on the specific configuration anddesign conditions.5.4.1 UnrestrainedPipe joints capable of withstandinginternal pressure but not longitudinal forces.5.4.1.1 Coupling or Bell-and-Spigot Gasket Joints, with agroove either on the spigot or in the bell to retain anelastomeric gasket th
37、at shall be the sole element of the joint toprovide watertightness. For typical joint details see Fig. 1.5.4.1.2 Mechanical Coupling Joint, with elsastomeric seals.5.4.1.3 Butt Joint, with laminated overlay5.4.1.4 Flanged Joint, both integral and loose ring.5.4.2 RestrainedPipe joints capable of wit
38、hstanding inter-nal pressure and longitudinal tensile loads.5.4.2.1 Joints similar to those in 5.4.1.1 with supplementalrestraining elements.5.4.2.2 Butt Joint, with laminated overlay.5.4.2.3 Bell-and-Spigot, with laminated overlay.5.4.2.4 Bell-and-Spigot, adhesive-bonded-joint: Three typesof adhesi
39、ve-bonded joints are premitted by this standard asfollows:(1) Tapered bell-and-spigot, an adhesive joint that is manu-factured with a tapered socket for use in conjunction with atapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.(2) Straight bell-and-spigot, an adhesive joint that is manu-factured with an untap
40、ered socket for use in conjunction withan untapered spigot and a suitable adhesive.(3) Tapered bell and straight spigot, an adhesive joint thatis manufactured with a tapered socket for use with an unta-pered spigot and a suitable adhesive.5.4.2.5 Flanged Joint, both integral and loose ring.5.4.2.6 T
41、hreaded Joints.5.4.2.7 Mechanical Coupling, an elastomeric sealed cou-pling with supplemental restraining elements.NOTE 6Other types of joints may be added as they become commer-cially available.NOTE 7Restrained joints typically increase service loads on the pipeto greater than those experienced wit
42、h unrestrained joints. The purchaseris cautioned to take into consideration all conditions that may beencountered in the anticipated service and to consult the manufacturerregarding the suitability of a particular type and class of pipe for servicewith restrained joint systems.5.5 GasketsElastomeric
43、 gaskets, when used with thispipe, shall conform to the requirements of Specification F477,except that composition of the elastomer shall be as agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier for the particularexposure to oily or aggressive-chemical environments.6. Requirements6.1 Workmanship:6.1.
44、1 Each pipe shall be free from all defects includingindentations, delaminations, bubbles, pinholes, cracks, pits,blisters, foreign inclusions, and resin-starved areas that due totheir nature, degree, or extent, detrimentally affect the strengthand serviceability of the pipe. The pipe shall be as uni
45、form ascommercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and otherphysical properties.6.1.2 The inside surface of each pipe shall be free of bulges,dents, ridges, or other defects that result in a variation of insidediameter of more than18 in. (3.2 mm) from that obtained onadjacent unaffected por
46、tions of the surface. No glass-fiberreinforcement shall penetrate the interior surface of the pipewall.6.1.3 Joint sealing surfaces shall be free of dents, gouges, orother surface irregularities that will affect the integrity of thejoints.6.2 Dimensions:6.2.1 Pipe DiametersThe pipe shall be supplied
47、 in thenominal diameters shown in Table 2 or Table 3. The pipediameter tolerances shall be as shown in Table 2 or Table 3,when measured in accordance with 8.1.1.6.2.2 LengthsThe pipe shall be supplied in nominallengths of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 ft (3.05, 6.10, 9.15, 12.19, and18.29 m). The actual la
48、ying length shall be the nominal length62 in. (651 mm), when measured in accordance with 8.1.2.Atleast 90 % of the total footage of any one size and class,excluding special-order lengths, shall be furnished in thenominal lengths specified by the purchaser. Random lengths, iffurnished, shall not vary
49、 from the nominal lengths by morethan 5 ft (1.53 m), or 25 %, whichever is less.6.2.3 Wall ThicknessThe average wall thickness of thepipe shall not be less than the nominal wall thickness publishedin the manufacturers literature current at the time of purchase,and the minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be lessthan 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness when measured inaccordance with 8.1.3.6.2.4 Squareness of Pipe EndsAll points around each endof a pipe unit shall fall within 614 in. (6.4 mm) or 60.5 % ofthe nominal diameter of t
