1、AmericAn nAtionAl StAndArdANSI/ASSE A10.43 - 2016Confined Spaces in Construction and Demolition OperationsAmerican National Standard for Construction and Demolition OperationsAmericAn Society of SAfety engineerS4Casselogo-1200dpi_vector-1c-outline.pdf 1 1/20/2012 1:31:55 PMANSI/ASSE A10.43-2016ANSI/
2、ASSE A10.43-2016The information and materials contained in this publication have ben developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Enginers (ASE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Commitee or individual commitee members accept no legal responsibility
3、 for the corectness or completeness of this material or its aplication to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASE or the A10 Commitee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations wil protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. ANSI ANSI/ASE
4、 A10.43-2016 American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations Confined Spaces in Construction and Demolition Operations Secretariat American Society of Safety Enginers 520 N. Northwest Highway Park Ridge, IL 6068 Approved August 4, 2016 Effective January 1, 2017 American National St
5、andards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due proces, consensus, and other criteria for aproval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Revi
6、ew, substantial agrement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resol
7、ution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has aproved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The
8、 American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and wil in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to isue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National
9、 Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be adresed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institut
10、e require that action be taken periodically to reafirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on al standards by caling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published September 2016 by American Society of Safety
11、Enginers 520 N. Northwest Highway Park Ridge, IL 6068 (847) 69-2929 www.ase.org Copyright 2016 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior writen permision of
12、 the publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.43-2016). This standard is one of a series of safety standards that have ben formulated by the Accredited Standards Comite on Safety in Construct
13、ion and Demolition Operations, A10. It is expected that the standards in the A10 series wil find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor, and equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existing and proposed standards in the A10 series for Safet
14、y Requirements in Construction and Demolition Operations folows. A10.1 Pre-Project to comply with this standard an authorized rescuer is required to receive annual training and to demonstrate competence to perform confined space rescue. 3.5 Barier. A physical obstruction that blocks or limits access
15、. 3.6 Biohazards. Microbiolgical agents presenting a risk or potential risk to the well-being of humans through inhalation, ingestion, dermal exposure or injection. 3.7 Biological Hazards. Hazards from vermin, wildlife, mold, biohazards and poisonous fauna or flora. 3.8 Blanking or Blinding. The abs
16、olute closure of a pipe, line or duct by the AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.43-2016 11 fastening of a solid plate (such as a spectacle blind or a skilet blind) with appropriate gaskets that completely covers the bore and that is capable of withstanding the maximum presure of the pump or head pressur
17、e of the pipe, line or duct with no leakage beyond the plate. A blind is an end closure, and a blank is slipped in between the flanges. 3.9 Competent Person. One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in surroundings or working conditions that are unsanitary, hazardous or dan
18、gerous to employees, and who has the authority to take prompt corective measures to eliminate them. 3.10 Confined Space Entry Permit. The writen or printed document that is provided by the contractor to allow and control entry into a permit confined space and that contains the information specified
19、in Section 14. 3.11 Confined Space Entry Program. The contractors overall program for controling entry to a confined space and protecting entrants from permit confined space hazards. 3.12 Confined Space Entry Team. A team consisting of the entry supervisor, attendant, entrant, rescue service, air te
20、ster, competent person and qualified person involved in the entry operation. 3.13 Confined Space. A space that has all of the following characteristics: (1) has limited or restricted means for entry and exit; (2) is not designed for continuous employee occupancy; and (3) is large enough and so arran
21、ged that an employee can bodily enter it. 3.14 Construction Project. All construc-tion or demolition work performed by or for the owner/host as contained in the project documents. 3.15 Continuous System Permit Con-fined Space. A permit confined space that has all of the following characteristics: (1
22、) is part of, and contiguous with, a larger confined space (for example, sewers); (2) canot be isolated from the larger confined space; and (3) is subject to a potential hazard release from the larger confined space that would overwhelm personal protective equipment or hazard controls, resulting in
23、serious physical harm. 3.16 Contractor. A subcontractor, specialty contractor or other entity as designated in the project documents, responsible for part of the construction process on a construction project. 3.17 Control. Action taken to reduce the level of any hazard inside a confined space using
24、 engineering methods (for example, by isolation or ventilation), and then using these methods to maintain the reduced hazard level. Control also refers to the engineering methods used for this purpose. Personal protective equipment is not a control. 3.18 Controled Permit Confined Space. A permit con
25、fined space that has al of the following characteristics: (1) contains no serious hazards or only isolated serious hazards and (2) uses forced air ventilation alone to control hazardous atmospheres at safe levels. 3.19 Designed for Continuous Occu-pation. A place of regular work, suplied with ventil
26、ation and other conditions necessary to support life. 3.20 Double Block and Bleed. A method used to isolate a confined space from a line, duct or pipe by physically closing two in-line main valves on a piing system and locking them in the closed position, then opening the drain or vent in the line b
27、etwen the two closed in-line valves and locking it in the open position to permit the contents to flow or escape via a “vented-to-appropriate side“ valve. If the bled point is not the same AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.43-2016 12 size, it shal be inspected prior to each entry. 3.21 Early-Warning Sy
28、stem. A method used to alert entrants and attendants that an engulfment hazard may be developing. Exaples of early-warning systems include, but are not limited to, alarms activated by remote sensors and lokouts with equip-ment for immediately communicating with the entrants and attendants. 3.22 Emer
29、gency Response. A rescue or retrieval of entrants in a confined space. 3.23 Emergency. Any ocurence, inside or outside a confined space that could cause death or serious physical harm to employees. For example, an emergency occurs if an employer fails to isolate a seri-ous hazard or if ventilation o
30、r atmosphere-testing equipment malfunctions. 3.24 Engulfment Hazard. A physical hazard consisting of a liquid or flowable solid substance that can suround and capture an individual. Engulfment hazards may cause death or serious physical harm if the individual inhales the engulfing substance into the
31、 respiratory system (drowning, for example); the substance exerts excessive force on the individuals body resulting in strangulation, constriction or crushing; or the substance suffocates the individual. 3.25 Entrant. An employe who is trained and authorized by the contractor to enter a confined spa
32、ce to perform an entry operation. 3.26 Entrapment. The condition caused by inwardly converging walls, a flor that slopes downward and tapers to a smaler cross-section or a convoluted space and that has a potential of causing serious physical harm or preventing or inhibiting self-rescue. 3.27 Entry O
33、peration. Includes prepara-tion, entry, work, exit and completion of documentation. 3.28 Entry Rescue. A rescue that requires a rescue service to enter a permit confined space to rescue employes. 3.29 Entry Supervisor. A trained individual (such as the employer, foreman or crew chief) present on the
34、 jobsite and assigned the responsibility for determining if acceptable entry conditions are present at a permit confined space where entry is planned, for authorizing entry and over-seeing entry operations, and for terminating entry as required by this standard. 3.30 Entry. The action by which any p
35、art of the entrants body breaks the plane of the confined space portal. Entry includes the period during which an employee occupies a confined space and is terminated when the last part of then entrants body leaves the space. 3.31 Evacuation. An unaided emergency exit out of a confined space. This a
36、ction may result from the entrants own decision or by a command by attendant, another entrant or from outside the confined space. 3.32 Existing Confined Spaces. A confined space on-site prior to contractor mobilization, for example an elctrical vault or lift station. 3.33 Fal Hazard. Any horizontal
37、or vertical opening greater than 12 inches (30.5cm) in least dimension where a fal exposure exists that could cause injury. A fal hazard also exists when an individual is exposed to a fall from an elevation of 6 feet (183cm) or greater or a slip and trip exposure. 3.34 Forced Air Ventilation. Contro
38、led movement of air from mechanical systems. 3.35 Hazard. The potential or inherent characteristics of an activity, condition or AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.43-2016 13 circumstance that has the potential to cause injury, illnes or property damage. 3.36 Hazardous Atmosphere. An atmos-phere that ma
39、y expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, impairment of ability to self-rescue, injury or acute ilnes from one or more of the folowing causes: (1) flamable gas, vapor or mist in exces of 10 percent (volume to volue v/v) of its lower flamable limit; (2) airborne combustible dust at a c
40、oncentration that meets or exceds its lower combustible limit Note: This concentration may be approximated as a condition in which the dust obscures vision at a distance of 5 feet (1.52m) or les.; (3) atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 percent (v/v) (oxygen deficient atmosphere) or above 23
41、.5 percent (v/v) (oxygen enriched atmosphere); (4) atmospheric concentration of any substance in excess of a published exposure level that is capable of causing death, incapacitation, impairment or inability to self-rescue, injury or acute ilnes due to its health efects; and (5) any other atmospheri
42、c condition that is imediately dangerous to life or health. 3.37 Hot Work Permit. The employers writen authorization to perform operations (e.g., riveting, welding, cuting, flame cuting and heating) capable of providing a source of ignition. 3.38 Hot Work. Work that has the potential to produce arcs
43、, sparks, flames, heat or other sources of ignition. 3.39 Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health. Any condition that poses (1) an immediate or delayed threat to life or (2) would cause ireversible adverse health effects or (3) would cause serious physical harm or (4) that would interfere with an in
44、dividuals ability to escape unaided from a confined space. 3.40 Inerting. The displacement of the atmosphere by a noncombustible gas (such as, but not limited to, nitrogen or argon) to such an extent that the resulting atmos-phere is noncombustible. This procedure results in an oxygen deficient atmo
45、sphere that may be imediately dangerous to life or health. 3.41 Isolate or Isolation. The verifiable elimination or removal of a serious physical hazard or hazardous atmosphere by preventing its release into a confined space. Isolation includes, but is not limited to, the folowing methods: blanking
46、or blinding; misalignig or removing sections of lines, pipes or ducts; a double block and bleed system; locking out energy sources; machine guarding; and blocking or disconnecting all mechanical linkages. 3.42 Line Breaking. The intentional opening of a pipe, line or duct that is or has been carryin
47、g flammable, corrosive or toxic material; an inert gas; or any fluid at a volume, presure or temperature capable of causing injury. 3.43 Lockout. The placement of a lock on the energy isolating device in accord-ance with an established procedure indicating that the energy isolating device shal not b
48、e operated until removal of the lock in acordance with an established procedure. 3.44 Lower Flamable Limit. The minimum concentration of a substance in air needed for an ignition source to cause a flame or explosion. 3.45 National Fire Protection Asocia-tion National Electric Code Hazardous Location
49、. The term defined by the National Fire Protection Asociation National Electrical Code as locations where fire or explosion hazards may exist due to flamable gases, vapors, flamable liquids, combustible dust or ignitable fibers or flyings. 3.46 Natural Ventilation. The movement of air without mechanical systems. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.43-2016 14 3.47 Non-Entry Rescue. A rescue where a rescue service, usually the attendant, retrieves employes in a confined space without entering the confined space. 3.48 Non-Permit Confined Space. A confined space that is unlikely to h
