1、TS-3b T 119M/T 119-1 AASHTO Standard Method of Test for Slump of Hydraulic Cement Concrete AASHTO Designation: T 119M/T 119-13 ASTM Designation: C 143/C 143M-12 1. SCOPE 1.1. This test method covers determination of slump of concrete, both in the laboratory and in the field. 1.2. The values stated i
2、n either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two sys
3、tems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3. The text of the standard reference notes and footnotes provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.4. This standard does not purpor
4、t to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
5、 and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: R 60, Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete T 23, Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field T 121M/T 121, Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Con
6、crete T 152, Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method T 196M/T 196, Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method 2.2. ASTM Standard: C 150/C 150M, Standard Specification for Portland Cement C 670, Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for
7、 Test Methods for Construction Materials 3. SUMMARY OF TEST METHOD 3.1. A sample of freshly mixed concrete is placed and compacted by rodding in a mold shaped as the frustum of a cone. The mold is raised and the concrete allowed to subside. The vertical distance between the original and the displace
8、d position of the center of the top surface of the concrete is measured and reported as the slump of the concrete. 2013 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-3b T 119M/T 119-2 AASHTO 4. SIGNIFICA
9、NCE AND USE 4.1. This test method is intended to provide the user with a procedure to determine the slump of plastic hydraulic cement concretes. Note 1This test method was originally developed to provide a technique to monitor the consistency of unhardened concrete. Under laboratory conditions, with
10、 strict control of all concrete materials, the slump is generally found to increase proportionally with the water content of a given concrete mixture, and thus to be inversely related to concrete strength. Under field conditions, however, such a strength relationship is not clearly and consistently
11、shown. Care should therefore be taken in relating slump results obtained under field conditions to strength. 4.2. This test method is considered applicable to plastic concrete having coarse aggregate up to 37.5 mm 1.5 in. If the coarse aggregate is larger than 37.5 mm 1.5 in. in size, the test metho
12、d is applicable when it is performed on the fraction of concrete passing a 37.5-mm 1.5-in. sieve, with the larger aggregate being removed in accordance with the section titled “Additional Procedures for Large Maximum Size Aggregate Concrete” in R 60. 4.3. This test method is not considered applicabl
13、e to non-plastic and non-cohesive concrete. Note 2Concretes having slumps less than 15 mm 0.5 in. may not be adequately plastic and concretes having slumps greater than about 230 mm 9 in. may not be adequately cohesive for this test to have significance. Caution should be exercised in interpreting s
14、uch results. 5. APPARATUS 5.1. MoldThe test specimen shall be formed in a mold made of metal not readily attacked by the cement paste. The metal shall not be thinner than 1.5 mm 0.060 in. and if formed by the spinning process, there shall be no point on the mold at which the thickness is less than 1
15、.15 mm 0.045 in. The mold shall be in the form of the lateral surface of the frustum of a cone with the base 203 mm 8 in. in diameter, the top 102 mm 4 in. in diameter, and the height 305 mm 12 in. Individual diameters and heights shall be within 3.2 mm0.125 in. of the prescribed dimensions. The bas
16、e and the top shall be open and parallel to each other and at right angles to the axis of the cone. The mold shall be provided with foot pieces and handles similar to those shown in Figure 1. The mold shall be constructed without a seam. The interior of the mold shall be relatively smooth and free f
17、rom projections. A mold that clamps to a nonabsorbent base plate is acceptable instead of the one illustrated, provided the clamping arrangement is such that it can be fully released without movement of the mold and the base is large enough to contain all of the slumped concrete in an acceptable tes
18、t. 5.1.1. Check and record conformance to the molds specified dimensions when it is purchased or first placed in service and at least annually thereafter. 5.1.2. Mold with Alternative Materials: 5.1.2.1. Molds other than metal are permitted if the following requirements are met: The mold shall meet
19、the shape, height, and internal dimensional requirements of Section 5.1. The mold shall be sufficiently rigid to maintain the specified dimensions and tolerances during use, resistant to impact forces, and shall be nonabsorbent. The mold shall be demonstrated to provide test results comparable to th
20、ose obtained when using a metal mold meeting the requirements of Section 5.1. Comparability shall be demonstrated on behalf of the manufacturer by an independent testing laboratory. Test for comparability shall consist of not less than 10 consecutive pairs of comparisons performed at each of three d
21、ifferent slumps ranging from 50 to 200 mm 2 to 8 in. No individual test results shall vary by more than 15 mm 0.50 in. from that obtained using the metal mold. The average test results of each slump range obtained using the mold constructed of alternative material shall not vary by more than 6 mm 0.
22、25 in. from the average of test results 2013 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-3b T 119M/T 119-3 AASHTO obtained using the metal mold. Manufacturer comparability test data shall be available
23、to users and laboratory inspection authorities (see Note 4). If any changes in material or method of manufacture are made, tests for comparability shall be repeated. Note 3The phrase “consecutive pairs of comparisons” does not mean without interruption or all in 1 day. At a schedule selected by the
24、testing entity, the pairs of tests leading to 10 consecutive pairs may be accomplished in small groups. The word consecutive prevents ignoring pairs of tests that may not meet criteria. Note 4Because the slump of concrete decreases with time and higher temperatures, it will be advantageous for the c
25、omparability tests to be performed by alternating the use of metal cones and alternative material cones, to utilize several technicians, and to minimize the time between test procedures. 5.1.2.2. If the condition of any individual mold is suspected of being out of tolerance from the as manufactured
26、condition, a single comparative test shall be performed. If the test results differ by more than 15 mm 0.50 in. from that obtained using the metal mold, the mold shall be removed from service. 5.2. Tamping RodA round, straight steel rod, with a 16 2-mm 58 116-in. diameter. The length of the tamping
27、rod shall be at least 100 mm 4 in. greater than the depth of the measure in which rodding is being performed, but not greater than 600 mm 24 in. in overall length (see Note 5). The length tolerance for the tamping rod shall be 4 mm 18in. The rod shall have the tamping end or both ends rounded to a h
28、emispherical tip of the same diameter as the rod. Note 5A rod length of 400 mm. 16 in. to 600 mm 24 in. meets the requirements of the following AASHTO Test Methods: T 23, T 119M/T 119, T 121M/T 121, T 152, and T 196M/T 196. 5.3. Measuring DeviceA ruler, metal roll-up measuring tape, or similar rigid
29、 or semi-rigid length measuring instrument marked in increments of 5 mm 0.25 in. or smaller. The instrument length shall be at least 300 mm 12 in. 5.4. ScoopA scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not
30、 spilled during placement in the mold. 2013 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-3b T 119M/T 119-4 AASHTO Dimensional Units mm 2 3 15 25 75 80 100 200 300 in. 0.0625 0.125 0.5 1 3 3.128 4 8 12 F
31、igure 1Mold for Slump Test 6. SAMPLE 6.1. The sample of concrete from which test specimens are made shall be representative of the entire batch. It shall be obtained in accordance with R 60. 7. PROCEDURE 7.1. Dampen the mold and place it on a flat, level, moist, nonabsorbent (rigid) surface such as
32、a pre-moistened concrete floor or a base plate. It shall be held firmly in place during filling and perimeter cleaning by the operator standing on the two foot pieces, or by clamping arrangements to a base plate as described in Section 5.1. From the sample of concrete obtained in accordance with Sec
33、tion 6, immediately fill the mold in three layers, each approximately one-third the volume of the mold. Place the concrete in the mold using the scoop described in Section 5.4. Move the 2013 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is
34、 a violation of applicable law.TS-3b T 119M/T 119-5 AASHTO scoop around the perimeter of the mold opening to ensure an even distribution of the concrete with minimal segregation. Note 6One-third of the volume of the slump mold fills it to a depth of 67 mm 2.625 in.; two-thirds of the volume fills it
35、 to a depth of 155 mm 6.125 in. 7.2. Rod each layer with 25 strokes of the tamping rod. Uniformly distribute the strokes over the cross section of each layer. For the bottom layer, this will necessitate inclining the rod slightly and making approximately half of the strokes near the perimeter, and t
36、hen progressing with vertical strokes spirally toward the center. Rod the bottom layer throughout its depth. Rod the second layer and the top layer each throughout its depth, so that the strokes penetrate approximately 25 mm 1 in. into the underlying layer. 7.3. In filling and rodding the top layer,
37、 heap the concrete above the mold before rodding is started. If the rodding operation results in subsidence of the concrete below the top edge of the mold, add additional concrete to keep an excess of concrete above the top of the mold at all times. After the top layer has been rodded, strike off th
38、e surface of the concrete by means of a screeding and rolling motion of the tamping rod. Continue to hold the mold down firmly and remove concrete from the area surrounding the base of the mold to preclude interface with the movement of slumping concrete. Remove the mold immediately from the concret
39、e by raising it carefully in a vertical direction. Raise the mold a distance of 300 mm 12 in. in 5 2 s by a steady upward lift with no lateral or torsional motion. Complete the entire test from the start of the filling through removal of the mold without interruption and complete it within an elapse
40、d time of 2.5 min. 7.4. Immediately measure the slump by determining the vertical difference between the top of the mold and the displaced original center of the top surface of the specimen. If a decided falling away or shearing off of concrete from one side or portion of the mass occurs (Note 7), d
41、isregard the test and make a new test on another portion of the sample. Note 7If two consecutive tests on a sample of concrete show a falling away or shearing off of a portion of the concrete from the mass of the specimen, the concrete probably lacks necessary plasticity and cohesiveness for the slu
42、mp test to be applicable. 8. REPORT 8.1. Record the slump in terms of millimeters inches to the nearest 5 mm 0.25 in. of subsidence of the specimen during the test. 9. PRECISION AND BIAS 9.1. PrecisionThe estimates of precision for this test method are based upon results from tests conducted in Faye
43、tteville, Arkansas by 15 technicians from 14 laboratories representing three states. All tests at three different slump ranges, from 25 mm 1.0 in. to 160 mm 6.5 in., were performed using one load of truck-mixed concrete. The concrete was delivered and tested at a low slump, with water then being add
44、ed and mixed into the remaining concrete to independently produce moderate and finally high-slump concrete. The concrete mixture that used a No. 67 crushed limestone aggregate and a washed river sand contained 297 kg of cementitious material per cubic meter 500 lb of cementitious materials per cubic
45、 yard. The 297 kg of cementitious material 500 lb were equally divided between an ASTM C 150, Type I/II cement and a Class C fly ash. A double dosage of a chemical retarder was used in an attempt to minimize slump losses and maintain workability of the concrete. Concrete temperatures ranged from 30
46、to 34C 86 to 93F. Slump losses averaged 17 mm 0.68 in. during the 20 min required to perform a series of six tests at one slump range. Testing was performed alternately using metal and plastic molds, which were determined to produce comparable results. Precision data thus applies to both metal and p
47、lastic molds. A total of 270 slump tests were performed. 2013 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-3b T 119M/T 119-6 AASHTO 9.1.1. SI Inch-PoundThe data used to develop the precision statement w
48、ere obtained using metric units (millimeters). The precision values shown in inch-pound units are conversions from the millimeter measurements, which were recorded to the nearest 1 mm. 9.1.2. Measure of VariabilityThe standard deviation was determined to be the most consistent measure of variability
49、 and was found to vary with the slump value. 9.1.3. Single-Operator PrecisionThe single-operator standard deviation represented by (1s) is shown in Table 1 by average slump values. The reported results for the replicate readings apply to tests conducted by the same operator performing successive tests, one immediately following the other. Acceptable results of two properly conducted tests by the same operator on the same material (Note 8) will
