1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement StandardsChapter 4Proving SystemsSection 9Methods of Calibration for Displacement and Volumetric Tank ProversPart 4Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Gravimetric Method of CalibrationFIRST EDITION, OCTOBER 2010Manual of Petroleum Measu
2、rement StandardsChapter 4Proving SystemsSection 9Methods of Calibration for Displacement and Volumetric Tank ProversPart 4Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Gravimetric Method of CalibrationMeasurement CoordinationFIRST EDITION, OCTOBER 2010Special NotesAPI publicati
3、ons necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, ei
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7、lication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utiliz
8、ed. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applica
9、ble requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechan
10、ical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2010 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis multi-part publication consolidates and standardizes calib
11、ration procedures for displacement and volumetric tank provers used in the metering of petroleum liquids. It provides essential information on the operations involved in obtaining a valid, accurate and acceptable prover volume by different calibration methods. Units of measure in this publication ar
12、e in the International System (SI) and United States Customary (USC) units consistent with North American industry practices. The parts consist of the following: Part 1Introduction to the Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers; Part 2Determination of the Volume of Displacement
13、and Tank Provers by the Waterdraw Method of Calibration; Part 3Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of Calibration; Part 4Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Gravimetric Method of Calibration.Nothing contained in any API publi
14、cation is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of l
15、etters patent.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions
16、 concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein
17、should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, t
18、elephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPa
19、ge1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 U.S. Customary (USC) and International System (SI) Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 National Metrology Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 Safety Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Prover Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Preliminary and General Calibration Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 Preliminary Calibration Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.3 General Calibration Proc
25、edures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Calibration Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.1 General .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.2 Calibration Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . 126.3 Displacement Type Bidirectional Provers with Free Displacers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Troubleshooting Calibration Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . 187.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.2 Weighing System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.3 Water Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Annex A (normative) Calculation Procedures for the Determination of Base Prover Volume
30、 (BPV) of Displacement Provers by the Gravimetric Method (GM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Annex B (informative) Dynamic Prover Volume Calculation, Gravimetric Method (GM)SI Units . . . . . . . . . . 31Annex C (informative) Dynamic Prover Volume Cal
31、culation, Gravimetric Method (GM)USC Units. . . . . . . . 33Annex D (informative) Weigh Scale Verification Gravimetric Method (GM) (Example) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Annex E (informative) Run Datasheet Gravimetric Method (GM) (Example) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . 36Annex F (informative) Tank Prover Volume Calibration Gravimetric Method (GM)USC Units (Distilled Water Example) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Annex G (informative) Figures . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Figure
34、s1 Gravimetric Calibration of a Displacement Type Unidirectional Prover with a Free Displacer . . . . . . . . 392A Gravimetric Calibration Displacement Type Bi-Directional Prover with a Free Piston Displacer and Check Valves in the Manifold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402B Gravimetric Calibration of a Displacement Type Bi-directional Prover with a Free Sphere Displacer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413A Gravimetr
36、ic Calibration of the Downstream Volume of a Displacement Prover with a Captive Displacer and External Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423B Gravimetric Calibration of the Upstream Volume of a Displacement Prover with a Captive Dis
37、placer and External Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43vContentsPage3C A Gravimetric Calibration of a Displacement Prover with Equal Size Diameter Shafts on Both Sides of a Captive Displacer, with External Detectors. . . . . . . . .
38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444A Waterdraw Calibration of a Volumetric Tank Prover with a Bottom-Weir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454B Gravimetric Calibration of a Volumetric Tank Prover with a Dry Bottom using the Water-fill Method . . 464C Gravimetric
39、Calibration of a Volumetric Tank Prover with a Wet Bottom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47TableA.1 Equation Reference Standards and Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30viIntroductionThis standard describes the
40、gravimetric method of calibration (GM), which is used to determine the calibrated volume of both displacement and tank provers. All prover volumes shall be determined by calibration and not by calculation. The GM differs from the waterdraw (volumetric) method found in API MPMS Ch. 4.9.2. The main di
41、fference between the methods is that a field standard test measure is replaced with a weighing system (weigh scale and container).A majority of the activities necessary to prepare the prover, conduct calibration runs, and record all the required data necessary to calculate the base volumes of displa
42、cement and tank provers are identical for the waterdraw and GMs. This standard will describe activities that are different from the waterdraw method. Therefore, it will be necessary for the user to reference API MPMS Ch. 4.9.1 and API MPMS Ch. 4.9.2 to perform all activities necessary for a calibrat
43、ion. Detailed volume calculation procedures for this method are included in Annex A. vi1Chapter 4Proving SystemsSection 9Methods of Calibration for Displacement and Volumetric Tank ProversPart 4Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Gravimetric Method of Calibration1 Sco
44、pe1.1 GeneralThis standard covers the specific procedures, equipment, and calculations required to determine the Base Prover Volume (BPV), of both tank and displacement provers by the gravimetric method of calibration (GM). 1.2 U.S. Customary (USC) and International System (SI) Units This standard p
45、resents both International Systems (SI) and U.S. Customery (USC) units, and may be implemented in either system of units. The presentation of both units is for the convenience of the user, and is not necessarily the exact conversions. The system of units to be used is typically determined by contrac
46、t, regulatory requirement, the manufacturer, or the users calibration program. 1.3 National Metrology Institute Throughout this document issues of traceability are addressed by references to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). However, other appropriate national metrology institut
47、es can be referenced.1.4 Safety ConsiderationsThere is no intent to cover safety aspects of conducting the work described in this standard, and it is the duty of the user to be familiar with all applicable safe work practices. It is also the duty of the user to comply with all existing federal, stat
48、e, or local regulations e.g. the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) that govern the types of activities described in this standard, and to be familiar with all such safety and health regulations.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the appl
49、ication of this document. For date references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 1, VocabularyAPI MPMS Chapter 4 (All Sections), Proving SystemsAPI MPMS Chapter 5 (All Sections), MeteringAPI MPMS Chapter 7 (All Sections), Temperature DeterminationAPI MPMS Chapter 9 (All Sections), Density DeterminationAPI MPMS Chapter 11 (All Sections), Physical Properties DataAPI MPMS Chapter 12 (All Sections), Calculati
