1、BSI Standards Publication PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 Stationary source emissions Determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs Part 5: Long-term sampling of PCDDs/ PCDFs and PCBsPD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK impl
2、ementation of CEN/TS 1948-5:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/2/1, Stationary source emission. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the n
3、ecessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 85314 2 ICS 13.040.40 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published
4、Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 1948-5 April 2015 ICS 13.040.40 Englis
5、h Version Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs - Part 5: Long-term sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs Emissions de sources fixes - Dtermination de la concentration massique en PCDD/PCDF et PCB de type dioxine - Partie 5: Prlvement lo
6、ng-terme de PCDD/PCDF et PCB Emissionen aus stationren Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von PCDD/PCDF und dioxin- hnlichen PCB - Teil 5: Langzeitprobenahme von PCDD/PCDF und PCB This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 29 December 2014 for provisional application. The
7、 period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this
8、 CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is re
9、ached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
10、 Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploita
11、tion in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 EPD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 6 Introduction .7 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms and definitions 10 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 13 4.1 Gener
12、al . 13 4.2 Polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofuranes . 13 5 Principle of long-term PCDD/PCDF/PCB sampling . 14 5.1 General . 14 5.2 Long-term sampling based on the filter/condenser method 14 5.3 Long-term sampling based on the dilution method 15 5.
13、4 Long-term sampling based on the cooled probe method 15 6 Sampling device and materials . 15 6.1 General sampling device . 15 6.2 Components for the sampling train 15 6.3 Automatic controller . 16 6.4 Devices for measuring the flue gas parameters 16 6.5 Materials 16 7 Minimum requirements for long-
14、term PCDD/PCDF/PCB sampling methods . 17 7.1 Certification of the sampling system 17 7.2 Validation of the installation/functioning on each plant to be fulfilled by the plant operator 19 7.2.1 Long-term PCDD/PCDF/PCB sampling systems using sampling units which have to be prepared in the laboratory .
15、 19 7.2.2 Minimum requirements for set-up. 19 7.2.3 Minimum requirements for selecting the sampling point 19 7.2.4 Minimum requirements for sampling 20 7.3 Minimum requirements for on-going operations on each plant to be fulfilled at regular time intervals by the plant operator 24 7.3.1 Regular chec
16、k-up 24 7.3.2 Maintenance 24 8 Quality assurance . 26 8.1 General . 26 8.2 Quality assurance for the sampling unit 26 8.2.1 Leak check . 26 8.2.2 Field blank . 26 8.3 Quality assurance for sampling volume 26 8.3.1 Initial quality assurance . 26 8.3.2 Ongoing quality assurance on site . 26 8.4 Qualit
17、y assurance of isokinetic sampling 27 8.5 Quality assurance of flue gas conditions (O 2content, temperature, pressure, humidity) . 27 9 Analytical procedure 27 9.1 General . 27 9.2 Extraction of the sample 28 9.3 Partitioning of the sample extract . 28 PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E) 3
18、9.4 Clean-up . 31 9.5 Identification and quantification 31 9.6 Calculation of the recovery rates of the extraction standards . 31 9.7 Calculation of results 31 10 Estimation of uncertainty of the method 32 10.1 General . 32 10.2 Elements required for the uncertainty determinations . 32 10.2.1 Model
19、formula and parameters 32 10.2.2 Expanded uncertainty . 34 11 Reporting 34 11.1 Sampling and analytical report 34 11.2 Record keeping every half hour . 36 11.3 Interruptions recording . 37 11.4 Reporting of the method validation (from manufacturer and test house) . 37 Annex A (normative) Overview of
20、 minimum requirements . 39 Annex B (informative) Cleaning of the probe . 41 Annex C (normative) Performance criteria and test procedure for certification 42 C.1 General relation to other standards 42 C.2 General requirements . 42 C.2.1 Application of the minimum requirements . 42 C.2.2 Certification
21、 ranges . 42 C.3 Performance criteria common to all long-term PCDD/PCDF/PCB sampling systems for laboratory testing 42 C.3.1 Performance criteria for the automatic isokinetic control 42 C.3.2 Requirements of EN 15267-3 42 C.4 Performance criteria common to all long-term PCDD/PCDF/PCB sampling system
22、s for field testing 43 C.4.1 For the automatic isokinetic control . 43 C.4.2 Event of long-term sampling 43 C.4.3 Status information . 43 C.4.4 Availability 43 C.4.5 Reproducibility 43 C.4.6 Automatic post-adjustment unit 43 C.4.7 Loss of PCDD/PCDF/PCB to be determined in the sampling line 44 C.4.8
23、Number of values to be determined 44 C.4.9 Labelling . 44 C.4.10 Storage life . 44 C.4.11 Blank value . 44 C.4.12 Relation to the plant conditions . 44 C.4.13 Isokinetic sampling . 44 C.4.14 Essential characteristic data 44 Annex D (informative) Examples of devices and operation for long-term sampli
24、ng systems 45 PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E) 4 D.1 Filter/condenser method 45 D.1.1 Summary of apparatus design 45 D.1.1.1 General . 45 D.1.1.2 Sampling unit 46 D.1.1.3 Control unit 46 D.1.2 Spiking position 46 D.1.3 Assembly procedure 46 D.1.4 Leak check procedure 46 D.1.5 Sampling 46
25、 D.1.6 Sample gas flow control 46 D.1.7 Long-term sample automated features 47 D.2 Dilution method . 47 D.2.1 Summary of apparatus design 47 D.2.1.1 General . 47 D.2.1.2 Extraction unit . 48 D.2.1.3 Sucking and measurement unit 48 D.2.2 Spiking position 49 D.2.3 Assembly procedure 49 D.2.4 Leak test
26、 procedure 49 D.2.5 Sampling 49 D.2.6 Long-term sample automated features 50 D.3 Cooled probe method . 50 D.3.1 Summary of apparatus design 50 D.3.1.1 For patent rights see Introduction 50 D.3.1.2 Sampling probe . 51 D.3.1.3 Sampling unit 51 D.3.1.4 Control cabinet 52 D.3.2 Spiking position 52 D.3.3
27、 Handling procedure 52 D.3.4 Leak test procedure 52 D.3.5 Sampling 52 D.3.6 Isokinetic flow control 53 D.3.7 Automatic features of long-term sampling system . 53 Annex E (informative) Fundamentals of isokinetic sampling 54 E.1 Isokinetic sampling. 54 E.1.1 General . 54 E.1.2 Influence on the isokine
28、tic sampling over several days and weeks . 55 E.1.3 Parameters to be checked . 57 PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E) 5 E.1.3.1 Pitot constant . 57 E.1.3.2 p idifferential pressure 58 E.1.3.3 p sstatic pressure . 58 Annex F (informative) Example for the determination of the representative s
29、ampling point . 60 Annex G (informative) Estimation of the uncertainty of measured PCDD/PCDF of the long-term sampling system . 63 G.1 General . 63 G.2 Analysis of the measurement process and mathematical modelling 63 G.2.1 Basic formula of the calculation of the concentration of each of the PCDD/PC
30、DF congeners. 63 G.2.2 Determination of the sampled gas volume collected by a volumetric meter 64 G.2.2.1 Volume at the actual conditions of temperature and pressure of the gas meter . 64 G.2.2.2 Volume sampled at standard temperature and pressure conditions, on dry gas (in case of the volume measur
31、ement of dry gas) 64 G.2.3 Sources of errors . 65 G.3 Application of the law of propagation of uncertainties . 66 G.3.1 Total concentration of PCDD/PCDF . 66 G.3.2 Determination of the gas volume collected by a volumetric meter . 66 G.4 Calculation of type uncertainties . 66 G.4.1 Calculation of the
32、 concentration of each of the PCDD/PCDF congeners considered . 66 G.4.2 Total concentration of PCDD/PCDF . 67 G.4.3 Determination of the volume of gas by a volumetric meter 67 G.4.3.1 Volume at actual conditions of temperature, pressure and humidity . 67 G.4.3.2 Dry volume at standard conditions of
33、temperature and pressure . 67 G.4.3.2.1 Case of the measurement of a volume of dry gas V=V d67 G.4.3.2.2 Corrections on temperature measurements . 69 G.5 Calculation of expanded uncertainty 69 G.6 Example of digital application: measurement of dioxin/furan-concentration . 69 G.6.1 Specific condition
34、s on site . 69 G.6.2 Performance characteristics of the method . 72 G.6.3 Calculation of the concentration . 73 G.6.4 Calculation of standard uncertainties . 74 G.6.5 Calculation of the expanded uncertainty associated with concentration . 75 Annex H (informative) Example for calculation of measureme
35、nt results for standard conditions 76 H.1 General . 76 H.2 Dry volumetric flow rate in standard conditions 76 Annex I (normative) Adaption of the maximum deviation in relation to the PCDD/PCDF/PCB concentration . 78 Bibliography 80 PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E) 6 Foreword This documen
36、t (CEN/TS 1948-5:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible fo
37、r identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
38、Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2
39、015 (E) 7 Introduction EN 1948-1, EN 1948-2, EN 1948-3 and EN 1948-4 describe reference methods for the determination of PCDD/PCDF/PCB, whereas this Technical Specification gives requirements for long-term sampling measurements in connection with the appropriate analytical methods (equivalent method
40、). In contrast to the standard reference method (EN 1948-1) which refers to monitoring the limit value for compliance with emission limit values (ELVs) in Directives, such as Industrial Emission Directive (IED) 10, the long-term sampling is intended to determine the average concentration level durin
41、g a longer period (see e.g. 12, 13). CEN/TS 1948-5 provides a method for measuring long term average mass concentrations but it does not specify its potential use by the competent authority for demonstrating compliance with long term ELVs. Long-term sampling methods are not automatic measurement met
42、hods and do not provide continuous emission monitoring data (real time display). This Technical Specification in connection with EN 1948-2 and EN 1948-3 (extraction and analysis) are necessary for the performance of long-term sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs/ PCBs. In some European Union countries PCDD/PCDF/
43、PCB long-term sampling is an obligatory measurement for some incineration processes. In other countries of the European Union this may be obligatory in the future. The European Organization for Standardization (CEN) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document ma
44、y involve the use of patents concerning the use of PCDD/PCDF/PCB long- term sampling systems, described in this document. This is valid for a) the filter/condenser method (see 5.2) and b) the cooled probe method (see 5.4). CEN takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these pa
45、tent rights. The holder of this patent right has ensured CEN and CENELEC that he is willing to negotiate licenses under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with CE
46、N and CENELEC. Information may be obtained from: c) TECORA 211-215 rue de la France 94134 Fontenay sous Bois France d) Environment S.A 111, bd Robespierre 78304 Poissy Cedex France Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights ot
47、her than those identified above. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E) 8 http:/www.cencenelec.eu/ipr/Patents/Pages/default.aspx maintains online databases of patents relevant to its documents. Users a
48、re encouraged to consult the databases for the most up to date information concerning patents. It should be mentioned that also a patent right existed for the dilution method (see 5.3). This patent was phased out in September 2014. In Reference 1 the results of a round robin test for long-term sampl
49、ing are presented. WARNING All relevant national safety regulations shall be observed. The 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted PCDDs/PCDFs belong to the most toxic of chemicals. In addition working at the sampling site may include exposure to a range of hazards such as poisonous/asphyxiating flue gases and working at heights. Appropriate measures shall be taken to minimize exposure to such hazards. Care shall be taken when transporting samples to avoid their breakage both to prevent contamination and to avoid sample losses. PD CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 CEN/TS 1948-5:2015 (E)
