1、Energy performance of buildings Method for calculation of the design heat load Part 4: Explanation and justification of EN 12831-3, Module M8-2, M8-3 PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCH
2、ER BERICHT CEN/TR 12831-4 April 2017 ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10; 91.140.65 English Version Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of the design heat load - Part 4: Explanation and justification of EN 12831-3, Module M8-2, M8-3 Performance nergtique des btiments - Mthode de calcul de
3、la charge thermique nominale - Partie 4 : Explication et justification de lEN 12831-3, Modules M8-2, M8-3 Heizungsanlagen und wasserbasierte Khlanlagen in Gebuden - Methoden zur Berechnung der Norm- Heizlast - Teil 4: Begleitender TR zur EN 12831-3 (Heizlast von Trinkwarmwasseranlagen und Charakteri
4、sierung des Bedarfs) This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 3 March 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 228. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republi
5、c of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE
6、NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 E National foreword This British Standard is the UK
7、 implementation of CEN/TR 12831-4:2017. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/24, Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publicati
8、on does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 94808 4 ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10; 91.140.65 Compliance with a British Standard c
9、annot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TE
10、CHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 12831-4 April 2017 ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10; 91.140.65 English Version Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of the design heat load - Part 4: Explanation and justification of EN 12831-3, Module M8-2, M8-3 Performance nergtique des btiments - Mth
11、ode de calcul de la charge thermique nominale - Partie 4 : Explication et justification de lEN 12831-3, Modules M8-2, M8-3 Heizungsanlagen und wasserbasierte Khlanlagen in Gebuden - Methoden zur Berechnung der Norm- Heizlast - Teil 4: Begleitender TR zur EN 12831-3 (Heizlast von Trinkwarmwasseranlag
12、en und Charakterisierung des Bedarfs) This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 3 March 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 228. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former
13、 Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
14、COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 E PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 128
15、31-4:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6 4.1 Symbols . 6 4.2 Subscripts . 6 5 Information on the methods . 6 6 Method description 7 6.1 Rationale, case of application . 7 6.2 Data
16、 input 7 7 Worked out example 7 7.1 Input data . 7 7.2 Calculation/result . 8 Annex A (informative) Calculation flowchart . 12 Bibliography . 13 PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 3 European foreword This document (CEN/TR 12831-4:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “
17、Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
18、this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 4 Introduction The set of EPB standards, technical reports and supporting tools In order to facilitate the
19、necessary overall consistency and coherence, in terminology, approach, input/output relations and formats, for the whole set of EPB-standards, the following documents and tools are available: a) a document with basic principles to be followed in drafting EPB-standards: CEN/TS 16628:2014, Energy Perf
20、ormance of Buildings Basic Principles for the set of EPB standards 1; b) a document with detailed technical rules to be followed in drafting EPB-standards; CEN/TS 16629:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings Detailed Technical Rules for the set of EPB-standards 2; c) the detailed technical rules are
21、the basis for the following tools: 1) a common template for each EPB-standard, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses; 2) a common template for each technical report that accompanies an EPB standard or a cluster of EPB standards, including specific drafting instructions fo
22、r the relevant clauses; 3) a common template for the spreadsheet that accompanies each EPB standard, to demonstrate the correctness of the EPB calculation procedures. Each EPB-standards follows the basic principles and the detailed technical rules and relates to the overarching EPB-standard, EN ISO
23、52000-1:2017 3. One of the main purposes of the revision of the EPB-standards is to enable that laws and regulations directly refer to the EPB-standards and make compliance with them compulsory. This requires that the set of EPB-standards consists of a systematic, clear, comprehensive and unambiguou
24、s set of energy performance procedures. The number of options provided is kept as low as possible, taking into account national and regional differences in climate, culture and building tradition, policy and legal frameworks (subsidiarity principle). For each option, an informative default option is
25、 provided. Rationale behind the EPB technical reports There is a risk that the purpose and limitations of the EPB standards will be misunderstood, unless the background and context to their contents and the thinking behind them is explained in some detail to readers of the standards. Consequently, v
26、arious types of informative contents are recorded and made available for users to properly understand, apply and nationally or regionally implement the EPB standards. If this explanation would have been attempted in the standards themselves, the result is likely to be confusing and cumbersome, espec
27、ially if the standards are implemented or referenced in national or regional building codes. Therefore each EPB standard is accompanied by an informative technical report, like this one, where all informative content is collected, to ensure a clear separation between normative and informative conten
28、ts (see CEN/TS 16629 2): to avoid flooding and confusing the actual normative part with informative content, to reduce the page count of the actual standard, and PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 5 to facilitate understanding of the set of EPB standards. This was also one of the main rec
29、ommendations from the European CENSE project 5 that laid the foundation for the preparation of the set of EPB standards. PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 6 1 Scope This technical report refers to standard EN 12831-3, module M8-2, M8-3. It contains information to support the correct unde
30、rstanding, use and national adaptation of standard EN 12831-3. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
31、 latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12831-3:2017, Energy performance of buildings Method for calculation of the design heat load Part 3: Domestic hot water systems heat load and characterisation of needs EN 15603:2008, Energy performance of buildings - O
32、verall energy use and definition of energy ratings EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation - Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, EN 15603:2008, EN 12831-3:2017 apply. 4 Symbol
33、s and abbreviations 4.1 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in EN 15603:2008 and EN 12831-3:2017 apply. 4.2 Subscripts For the purposes of this document, the subscripts given in EN 15603:2008 and EN 12831-3:2017 apply. 5 Information on the methods EN 12831-3 contains only on
34、e method. This method provides means to estimate if, for a given situation (parameters of the DHW system; like type, tank size, etc.), hot water supply is secure. PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 7 6 Method description 6.1 Rationale, case of application EN 12831-3 provides a method to c
35、heck if, for a given setup, the hot-water supply is secure. That it does by comparing the cumulative courses of demand and available supply of energy for water heating over a certain period of time (usually a day). The result for a given setup can then be used to derive measures for the optimization
36、 of that setup, e.g.: undersupply change parameters towards secure supply significant oversupply optimize towards a more efficient setup (energetically and/or cost-wise). 6.2 Data input An extensive list of all input parameters and sources that shall be used to obtain them is included in EN 12831-3.
37、 7 Worked out example 7.1 Input data w = 1 000 kg/m 3c w = 4,19 k/kgK w = 45 C w,c = 10 C V day = 1 200 l/d w,min = 40 C Hot-water tank Heat generator V S = 400 l F D = 5 kW w,Sto,max = 60 C t V,WE = 70 min q B,S = 3 kWh/d Distribution Type: no distinct mixing zone qD = 7 W/m L D = 50 m f D = 0,9 h
38、sensor(on)/h tank = 0,5 Q sto,max = 21 kWh PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 8 Q sto,on 10,5 kWh Q sto,start= 50 % 10,5 kWh Figure 1 Relative hot water demand over the day (hourly values) 7.2 Calculation/result Q sto,max= 21 kWh Q sto,on= 10,5 kWh The major results of the calculation exa
39、mple are given in Table 1 the calculation was done with time steps of one minute; however, for simplification, tabulated results are shown here as hourly values. NOTE For the calculation flowchart see also Annex A. PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 9 Table 1 Calculation example, results
40、t x h V hour Q w,b,t (hour) Q w,b,i (hour) Q sup,i (hour) h:mm - l kWh kWh kWh 100 % 1 200 l/d (= Vday) 48,883 kWh/d (= Qw,b) 0:00 t 1:00 1,8 % 21,60 0,880 0,880 12,500 1:00 t 2:00 0,8 % 9,60 0,391 1,271 17,025 2:00 t 3:00 0,5 % 6,00 0,244 1,515 21,550 3:00 t 4:00 0,3 % 3,60 0,147 1,662 22,158 4:00
41、t 5:00 0,4 % 4,80 0,196 1,858 21,683 5:00 t 6:00 0,7 % 8,40 0,342 2,200 21,208 6:00 t 7:00 3,1 % 37,20 1,515 3,715 20,733 7:00 t 8:00 6,1 % 73,20 2,982 6,697 20,258 8:00 t 9:00 8,3 % 99,60 4,057 10,754 19,783 9:00 t 10:00 5,9 % 70,80 2,884 13,638 23,475 10:00 t 11:00 5,0 % 60,00 2,444 16,083 28,000
42、11:00 t 12:00 5,0 % 60,00 2,444 18,527 32,525 12:00 t 13:00 5,7 % 68,40 2,786 21,313 37,050 13:00 t 14:00 6,0 % 72,00 2,933 24,246 41,575 14:00 t 15:00 4,7 % 56,40 2,298 26,544 46,100 15:00 t 16:00 4,1 % 49,20 2,004 28,548 48,542 16:00 t 17:00 3,8 % 45,60 1,858 30,405 48,067 17:00 t 18:00 4,7 % 56,4
43、0 2,298 32,703 47,592 18:00 t 19:00 5,7 % 68,40 2,786 35,489 47,117 19:00 t 20:00 6,6 % 79,20 3,226 38,716 47,642 20:00 t 21:00 6,5 % 78,00 3,177 41,893 52,167 21:00 t 22:00 6,1 % 73,20 2,982 44,875 56,692 22:00 t 23:00 5,0 % 60,00 2,444 47,319 61,217 23:00 t 0:00 3,2 % 38,40 1,564 48,883 (= Qw,b) 6
44、5,742 PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 10 Figure 2 Needs und supply curves over the day With the parameters given, the hot water supply is secure. The energy supply that the DHW system is capable of delivering (supply curve Q sup,i ) stays well above the energy needs that result from th
45、e draw profile and the losses of the DHW system (needs curve Q w,b,i ) at any time. For information, in Figure 2, it is also shown at which energy level the DHW system requests the heat generator to turn on (or to switch to water heating). Variations of essential input parameters and their influence
46、s on needs and supply are exemplarily shown in Figure 3 as can be seen, numerous modifications to the originally made assumptions are possible without comprising the security of supply (e.g. scaling the tank up or down and/or lowering the power available for the DHW system). PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CE
47、N/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 11 Figure 3 Variation of input parameters, qualitatively PD CEN/TR 12831-4:2017CEN/TR 12831-4:2017 (E) 12 Annex A (informative) Calculation flowchart Main step Substep / Calculated item 1 Determination of the hot water needs for the building Needs in l/day or kWh/day Mean tempe
48、ratures of o cold water o hot water temperature at the tap Draw profile (national annex, measurement, statistical data ) 2 Calculation of the energy needs curve from the hot water needs based on the draw profile Definition of the specific parameters of the DHW system making assumptions where necessa
49、ry and adjusting values later depending on the result (step 5) such as: Heat generation o Effective heating power o Time lag of the heat generator before the full effective power is available for the DHW system Storage tank o Type (hot water tank or buffer tank; charging system or tank with distinct mixing zone ) o Size o Relative height of the temperature sensor o Specific heat loss Distribution pipes o Specific
