1、Designation: E1990 16Standard Guide forPerforming Evaluations of Underground Storage TankSystems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part280 Regulations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers information for evaluating tank sys-tems for operation
3、al conformance with the Federal technicalstandards (including the financial responsibility requirements)for underground storage tanks (USTs) found at 40 Code ofFederal Register (CFR) Part 280.1.2 This guide does not address the corrective action re-quirements of 40 CFR Part 280.1.3 To the extent tha
4、t a tank system is excluded or deferredfrom the federal regulations under Subpart A of 40 CFR Part280, it is not covered by this guide.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to est
5、ablish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 Federal Standards:2Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Part 280, Technical Standards andCorrective Action Require
6、ments for Owners and Opera-tors of Underground Storage Tanks (UST)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosion protectionto prevent the degradation of amaterial due to a reaction between the material and itsenvironment.3.1.2 implementing agencyEnvironmental Protec
7、tionAgency (EPA), or, in the case of a State with program approval(or pursuant to a memorandum of agreement with EPA), thedesignated State or Local agency responsible for carrying outthe UST program.3.1.3 overfillexceeding the capacity of the tank.3.1.4 overfill protectiona device used to prevent a
8、tankfrom being overfilled when product is being added to the tank.3.1.5 release detectiona method to determine whether arelease of a regulated substance has occurred from the USTsystem into the environment or into the interstitial spacebetween the UST system and its secondary barrier or secondarycon
9、tainment around it.3.1.6 spillto cause or allow product to enter the environ-ment that was intended to be placed in the tank.3.1.7 spill preventiona device used to prevent or contain aspill associated with removing the fill hose from the tank fillpipe.3.1.8 suspected releasereleased product discover
10、ed at ornear the UST site, observed unusual operating conditions, suchas apparent loss of product; or results from a release detectionmethod that indicates a release. Suspected release does notinclude situations where a method or equipment is found to bedefective, is immediately corrected, and then
11、indicates norelease.3.1.9 underground storage tank (UST)any one or combi-nation of tanks (including underground pipes connectedthereto) that is used to contain an accumulation of regulatedsubstances, and the volume of which (including connectedunderground piping) is 10 % or more beneath the surface
12、of theground.3.1.9.1 existing tanka tank where installation began on orbefore 12/22/88.3.1.9.2 new tanka tank where installation started after12/22/88.3.1.10 upgradethe addition or retrofit of the UST systemor some system components such as release detection, corro-sion protection, spill prevention,
13、 or overfill protection toimprove the ability of an UST system to prevent the release ofproduct and meet the requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E50 on EnvironmentalAssessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil-ity
14、of Subcommittee E50.01 on Storage Tanks.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published December 2016. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E1990-14. DOI:10.1520/E1990-16.2Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent ofDocuments, 732 N. Capitol St.
15、, NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established
16、 in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.11 UST systeman underground storage tank, con-nected underground piping, underground ancillary equipment,an
17、d containment system, if any.3.2 Additional TerminologyThe following definitions anddiscussions, taken directly from the publication “Form andStyle for ASTM Standards” shall be included in full in everystandard guide or practice produced and passed by CommitteeE-50 or any of its technical subcommitt
18、ees, approved April 16,1997.3.2.1 guidea compendium of information or series ofoptions or instructions that do not recommend a specific courseof action.3.2.1.1 DiscussionWhereas a practice prescribes a generalusage principle, a guide only suggest an approach. The purposeof a guide is to offer guidan
19、ce, based on a consensus ofviewpoints, but not to establish a fixed procedure. A guide isintended to increase the awareness of the user to availabletechniques in a given subject area and to provide informationfrom which subsequent evaluation and standardization can bederived.3.2.2 practicea definiti
20、ve set of instructions procedure forperforming one or more specific operations or functions thatdoes not produce a test result.3.2.2.1 DiscussionA practice is not a downgraded testmethod. Examples of practices include procedures of interlabo-ratory testing programs or other statistical procedures; f
21、orwriting statements on sampling or precision and accuracy; andfor selection, preparation, application, inspection, and neces-sary precautions for the use, disposal, installation,maintenance, and operation of testing equipment. Furtherexamples of practices include but are not limited to:application,
22、 assessment, cleaning, collection, decontamination,inspection, installation, preparation, sampling, screening, andtraining.3.2.3 standardas used in ASTM International, a nomina-tive document that has been developed and established withinthe consensus principles of the Society and that meets theappro
23、val requirements of ASTM procedures and regulations.3.2.3.1 DiscussionThe term “standard” serves in ASTMInternational as a nominative in the title of documents such astest methods or specifications, to connote specified consensusand approval. The various types of standard documents arebased on the n
24、eeds and usages as prescribed by the technicalcommittees of the Society.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide is an educational tool for tank owners,operators, and other users and is not intended for use incertifying compliance with the Federal technical standards forunderground storage tanks.4.2 Th
25、e intent of this guide is to provide an overview of thegeneral requirements. This guide is intended for users who aregenerally familiar with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 280.The user is advised that this guide does not contain the level ofdetail necessary to make the determination of whether spec
26、ificequipment or services meet the detailed technical performancerequirements of 40 CFR Part 280.4.3 This guide does not cover state and local requirements,that can be more stringent than the federal rules. Owners andoperators are responsible for meeting federal, state, and, insome circumstances, lo
27、cal requirements. It is recommendedthat owners and operators familiarize themselves with theserequirements as well.4.4 Owners or operators may use the sample checklist inAppendix X1 to assist them in determining operational con-formance or they may develop their own checklist based uponthis guide.4.
28、5 This guide and accompanying appendixes are not in-tended to be used by state or local UST program authorities asa regulatory or administrative requirement for owners oroperators. Use of this guide and appendixes by owners andoperators is intended to be a voluntary educational tool for thepurposes
29、described in 4.1.5. UST System Requirements5.1 Operational ConformanceFor an underground storagetank (UST) system to be in operational conformance with 40CFR Part 280, it must have release detection, corrosionprotection, spill prevention, and overfill protection.5.2 Release DetectionTo meet all rele
30、ase detectionrequirements, release detection for both tank and piping isrequired.5.2.1 Petroleum Tanks These tanks may meet releasedetection requirements by use of one of the following:5.2.1.1 Monthly monitoring using one of the following:automatic tank gauging, vapor monitoring, interstitialmonitor
31、ing, ground water monitoring, statistical inventoryreconciliation (SIR), and any other approved method5.2.1.2 Monthly inventory control and annual tank tightnesstesting (may be used for existing UST systems which have notbeen upgraded to meet Federal regulations at 40 CFR Part280.21).5.2.1.3 Monthly
32、 inventory control and tank tightness testingevery five years (may start when new UST systems and USTsystems that have been upgraded with spill prevention andoverfill and corrosion protection meet the Federal regulationsat 40 CFR Part 280.20 or 280.21). This release detectionmethod must be replaced
33、or augmented with one of the optionsin 5.2.1.1 ten years after the tank was installed or upgradedwith corrosion protection.5.2.1.4 Manual Tank GaugingThis release detectionmethod is for tanks of 2000-gal capacity or less. This techniquemay be used if the tank meets the size, test duration, andstanda
34、rd variation requirements listed in Table 1:5.2.2 PipingPiping may meet release detection require-ments by use of one of the following:5.2.2.1 Pressurized PipingTo meet release detection re-quirements for pressurized piping, it is necessary to choose onemethod from 5.2.2.2 and one method from 5.2.2.
35、4 (or a singlemethod that satisfies both sections).5.2.2.2 Choose one of the following: automatic flowrestrictor, automatic shutoff device, and continuous alarmsystem.E1990 1625.2.2.3 Each of these methods must be tested on an annualbasis in accordance with the manufacturers requirements.5.2.2.4 Cho
36、ose one of the following: annual line tightnesstesting, monthly monitoring using one of the following: vapormonitoring, ground water monitoring, interstitial monitoring,SIR, other approved methods, such as: electric or electronicline leak detector, and continual reconciliation.5.2.2.5 Suction Piping
37、 For suction piping, you maychoose one of the following:5.2.2.6 Monthly monitoring using one of the following:vapor monitoring, ground water monitoring, interstitialmonitoring, SIR and, other approved methods.5.2.2.7 Line testing every three years.5.2.2.8 No leak detection requirements if the piping
38、 meetsthe following criteria:5.2.2.9 The below-grade piping operates at less than atmo-spheric pressure.5.2.2.10 The below-grade piping is sloped so that thecontents of the pipe will drain back into the storage tank ifsuction is released.5.2.2.11 Only one check valve is included in each suctionline
39、and it is located directly below and as close as practical tothe suction pump.5.2.2.12 Satisfying the preceding requirements must be ableto be easily determined.5.2.3 Hazardous Substance TanksRelease detection forhazardous substance tanks must meet one of the following:5.2.3.1 Existing UST systems:(
40、1) All hazardous UST systems must meet the new systemrequirements described in 5.2.3.2.5.2.3.2 New UST systems:(1) Unless an owner or operator has applied for andreceived a variance from the implementing agency, newhazardous substance UST systems must have each of thefollowing: secondary containment
41、, and monthly interstitialmonitoring.5.3 Corrosion ProtectionAll underground tanks and pip-ing must be protected from corrosion.5.3.1 TanksAny portion of the tank that is undergroundand routinely contains product must have corrosion protection.The following may be used to meet corrosion protectionre
42、quirements for tanks:5.3.1.1 Coated and cathodically protected steel,5.3.1.2 Cathodic protection added,5.3.1.3 Interior lining added,5.3.1.4 Cathodic protection and interior lining added,5.3.1.5 Fiberglass reinforced plastic,5.3.1.6 Steel tank clad with a noncorrodible material, and5.3.1.7 Other con
43、struction accepted by the implementingagency.5.3.1.8 Corrosion experts determination that the site is notcorrosive enough to cause it to have a release during theoperating life of the tank.5.3.2 PipingPiping that routinely contains regulated sub-stances and is in contact with the ground must be prot
44、ectedfrom corrosion. The following may be used to meet corrosionprotection requirements for piping:5.3.2.1 Coated and cathodically protected steel,5.3.2.2 Cathodic protection added,5.3.2.3 Fiberglass reinforced plastic,5.3.2.4 Other construction accepted by the implementingagency, and5.3.2.5 Corrosi
45、on experts determination that the site is notcorrosive enough to cause it to have a release during theoperating life of the piping.5.4 Spill Prevention and Overfill ProtectionTanks thatreceived regulated substances in quantities greater than 25 galat one filling need to have spill prevention and ove
46、rfillprotection.5.4.1 To meet the spill prevention requirement, equipmentthat will contain the product in the transfer hose when thetransfer hose is detached from the fill pipe (for example, acatchment basin) must be used to prevent release of product tothe environment.5.4.2 To meet overfill protect
47、ion requirements, one of thefollowing must be used:5.4.2.1 Automatic shutoff device,5.4.2.2 Overfill alarm, and5.4.2.3 Ball float valve.5.4.3 Compatibilityowners and operators of USTs arerequired to use UST systems made of or lined with materialsthat are compatible with the substance stored in the U
48、STsystem (40 CFR 280.32). In accordance with the EPA Office ofUnderground Storage Tanks June 2011 guidance, tank ownersmay demonstrate compatibility of UST system equipment byusing components that are certified by the manufacturer orlisted by a nationally recognized, independent testing labora-tory
49、for use with the fuel stored.6. Financial Responsibility6.1 Financial ResponsibilityOwners or operators of USTswhich hold petroleum must demonstrate financial responsibil-ity. These requirements are designed to ensure that someonecan pay the costs of cleaning up leaks and compensatingthird-parties for bodily injury and property damage caused byleaking USTs. The total amount of coverage required under theTABLE 1 Guide for Owners and OperatorsTank SizeMinimumDuration ofTest, hWeeklyStandard(One Test),galMonthlyStandard (Four-Test Average),ga
