欢迎来到麦多课文档分享! | 帮助中心 海量文档,免费浏览,给你所需,享你所想!
麦多课文档分享
全部分类
  • 标准规范>
  • 教学课件>
  • 考试资料>
  • 办公文档>
  • 学术论文>
  • 行业资料>
  • 易语言源码>
  • ImageVerifierCode 换一换
    首页 麦多课文档分享 > 资源分类 > PDF文档下载
    分享到微信 分享到微博 分享到QQ空间

    ASTM D5756 - 02(2008) Standard Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos Mass Surface Loading (Withdrawn 2017).pdf

    • 资源ID:286923       资源大小:242.52KB        全文页数:13页
    • 资源格式: PDF        下载积分:5000积分
    快捷下载 游客一键下载
    账号登录下载
    微信登录下载
    二维码
    微信扫一扫登录
    下载资源需要5000积分(如需开发票,请勿充值!)
    邮箱/手机:
    温馨提示:
    如需开发票,请勿充值!快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。
    如需开发票,请勿充值!如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
    支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付    微信扫码支付   
    验证码:   换一换

    加入VIP,交流精品资源
     
    账号:
    密码:
    验证码:   换一换
      忘记密码?
        
    友情提示
    2、PDF文件下载后,可能会被浏览器默认打开,此种情况可以点击浏览器菜单,保存网页到桌面,就可以正常下载了。
    3、本站不支持迅雷下载,请使用电脑自带的IE浏览器,或者360浏览器、谷歌浏览器下载即可。
    4、本站资源下载后的文档和图纸-无水印,预览文档经过压缩,下载后原文更清晰。
    5、试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。

    ASTM D5756 - 02(2008) Standard Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos Mass Surface Loading (Withdrawn 2017).pdf

    1、Designation: D5756 02 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forMicrovacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust byTransmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos MassSurface Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5756; the number immediately following the designation indicates

    2、the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure to (a) ident

    3、ifyasbestos in dust and (b) provide an estimate of the surfaceloading of asbestos in the sampled dust, reported as either themass of asbestos per unit area of sampled surface or as themass of asbestos per mass of sampled dust.1.1.1 If an estimate of asbestos structure counts is to bedetermined, the

    4、user is referred to Test Method D5755.1.2 This test method describes the equipment and proce-dures necessary for sampling, by a microvacuum technique,non-airborne dust for levels of asbestos. The non-airbornesample is collected inside a standard filter membrane cassettefrom the sampling of a surface

    5、 area for dust which may containasbestos.1.2.1 This procedure uses a microvacuuming sampling tech-nique. The collection efficiency of this technique is unknown.Variability of collection efficiency for any particular substrateand across different types of substrates is also unknown. Theeffects of sam

    6、pling efficiency differences and variability on theinterpretation of dust sampling measurements have not beendetermined.1.3 Asbestos identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) is based on morphology, selected area electron diffrac-tion (SAED), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA).Som

    7、e information about structure size is also determined.1.4 This test method is generally applicable for an estimateof the surface loading of asbestos starting from approximately0.24 pg of asbestos per square centimetre (assuming a mini-mum fiber dimension of 0.5 m by 0.025 m, see 17.8), butwill vary

    8、with the analytical parameters noted in 17.8.1.4.1 The procedure outlined in this test method employs anindirect sample preparation technique. It is intended to disag-gregate and disperse asbestos into fibrils and fiber bundles thatcan be more accurately identified, counted, and sized bytransmission

    9、 electron microscopy. However, as with all indi-rect sample preparation techniques, the asbestos observed forquantitation may not represent the physical form of theasbestos as sampled. More specifically, the procedure de-scribed neither creates not destroys asbestos, but it may alterthe physical for

    10、m of the mineral fibers.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract

    11、ices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3195 Practice for Rotameter CalibrationD5755 Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and IndirectAnalysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Micros

    12、copyfor Asbestos Structure Number Surface LoadingD6620 Practice for Asbestos Detection Limit Based onCountsE832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers2.2 ISO Standards:ISO/10312 Ambient Air: Determination of Asbestos Fibers;Direct Transfer Transmission Electron Microscopy Proce-dure3ISO/CD13794

    13、Ambient Air: Determination of Asbestos Fi-bres; Indirect-Transfer Transmission Electron MicroscopyProcedure33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling andAnalysis of

    14、 Asbestos.Current edition approved April 15, 2008. Published July 2008. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D5756 02. DOI:10.1520/D5756-02R08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo

    15、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Bo

    16、x C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesNOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information13.1.1 asbestiforma special type of fibrous habit in whichthe fibers are separable in

    17、to thinner fibers and ultimately intofibrils. This habit accounts for greater flexibility and highertensile strength than other habits of the same mineral. For moreinformation on asbestiform mineralogy, see references (1), (2)and (3).43.1.2 asbestosa collective term that describes a group ofnaturall

    18、y occurring, inorganic, highly fibrous silicate minerals,which are easily separated into long, thin, flexible fibers whencrushed or processed.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIncluded in the definition are the as-bestiform varieties of: serpentine (chyrsotile); riebeckite (cro-cidolite); grunerite (amosite); antho

    19、phyllite (anthophyllite as-bestos); tremolite (tremolite asbestos); and actinolite (actinoliteasbestos). The amphibole mineral compositions are definedaccording to the nomenclature of the International Mineralogi-cal Association (3).AsbestosChemical Abstract ServiceNo.5Chrysotile 12001-29-5Crocidoli

    20、te 12001-28-4Grunerite Asbestos (Amosite) 12172-73-5Anthophyllite Asbestos 77536-67-5Tremolite Asbestos 77536-68-6Actinolite Asbestos 77536-66-43.1.3 fibrila single fiber that cannot be separated intosmaller components without losing its fibrous properties orappearance.3.2 Definitions of Terms Speci

    21、fic to This Standard:3.2.1 aspect ratiothe ratio of the length of a fibrousparticle to its average width.3.2.2 bundlea structure composed of three or more fibersin a parallel arrangement with the fibers closer than one fiberdiameter to each other.3.2.3 clusteran aggregate of two or more randomlyorie

    22、nted fibers, with or without bundles. Clusters occur as twovarietiesdisperse clusters and compact clusters.3.2.3.1 compact clustera complex and tightly bound net-work in which one or both ends of each individual fiber orbundle are obscured, such that the dimensions of individualfibers or bundles can

    23、not be unambiguously measured.3.2.3.2 disperse clustera disperse and open network inwhich both ends of one of the individual fibers or bundles canbe separately located and its dimensions measured.3.2.4 debrismaterials that are of an amount and size(particles greater than 1 mm in diameter as defined

    24、by a 1.0 by1.0 mm screen) that can be visually identified (by color,texture, etc.) as to their source.3.2.5 dustany material composed of particles in a sizerange of 1 mm.3.2.6 fibera structure having a minimum length of 0.5 mwith an aspect ratio of 5 to 1 or greater and substantiallyparallel sides (

    25、4). Fibers are assumed to have a cylindricalshape (5).3.2.7 fibrous minerala mineral that is composed ofparallel, radiating, or interlaced aggregates of fibers, fromwhich the fibers are sometimes separable.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe crystalline aggregate may be re-ferred to as fibrous even if it is not c

    26、omposed of separablefibers, but has that distinct appearance.The term fibrous is usedin a general mineralogical way to describe aggregates of grainsthat crystallize in a needle-like habit and appear to be com-posed of fibers. Fibrous has a much more general meaning thanasbestos. While it is correct

    27、that all asbestos minerals arefibrous, not all minerals having fibrous habits are asbestos.3.2.8 indirect preparationa method in which a samplepasses through one or more intermediate steps prior to finalfiltration.3.2.9 matrixa structure in which one or more fibers, orfiber bundles, touch, are attac

    28、hed to, or partially concealed bya single particle or connected group of non-fibrous particles.The exposed fiber must meet the fiber definition (see section3.2.6). Matrices occur as two varietiesdisperse matrices andcompact matrices.3.2.9.1 compact matrixa structure consisting of a particleor linked

    29、 group of particles, in which fibers or bundles can beseen either within the structure or projecting from it, such thatthe dimensions of individual fibers and bundles cannot beunambiguously determined.3.2.9.2 disperse matrixa structure consisting of a particleor linked group of particles, with overl

    30、apping or attached fibersor bundles in which at least one of the individual fibers orbundles can be separately identified and its dimensions mea-sured.3.2.10 structuresa term that is used to categorize all thetypes of asbestos particles which are recorded during theanalysis (such as fibers, bundles,

    31、 clusters, and matrices).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is collected by vacuuming a known surfacearea with a standard 25 or 37 mm air sampling cassette usinga plastic tube that is attached to the inlet orifice which acts asa nozzle. The sample is transferred from inside the cassette toa 50/

    32、50 alcohol/water solution and screened through a 1.0 by1.0 mm screen. The fine dust is filtered onto a membrane filterand ashed in a muffle furnace. The ash is mixed with distilledwater to a known volume. Aliquots of the suspension are thenfiltered through a membrane. A section of the membrane ispre

    33、pared and transferred to aTEM grid using the direct transfermethod. The asbestiform structures are identified, sized, andcounted by TEM, using SAED and EDXA at a magnificationdependent on the size range of asbestos structures present.5. Significance and Use5.1 This microvacuum sampling and indirect

    34、analysismethod is used for the general testing of non-airborne dustsamples for asbestos. It is used to assist in the evaluation ofdust that may be found on surfaces in buildings, such as ceilingtiles, shelving, electrical components, duct work, carpet, etc.This test method provides an estimate of th

    35、e mass surfaceloading of asbestos in the dust reported as either the mass of4The boldface numbers refer to the list of references at the end of the testmethod.5The non-asbestiform variations of the minerals indicated in 3.1.2 have differentChemical Abstract Service (CAS) numbers.D5756 02 (2008)2asbe

    36、stos per unit area or as the mass of asbestos per mass ofsampled dust as derived from a quantitative TEM analysis.5.1.1 This test method does not describe procedures ortechniques required to evaluate the safety or habitability ofbuildings with asbestos-containing materials, or compliancewith federal

    37、, state, or local regulations or statutes. It is theusers responsibility to make these determinations.5.1.2 At present, no relationship has been established be-tween asbestos-containing dust as measured by this test methodand potential human exposure to airborne asbestos.Accordingly, the users shoul

    38、d consider other available infor-mation in their interpretation of the data obtained from this testmethod.5.2 This definition of dust accepts all particles small enoughto pass througha1mmscreen. Thus, a single, large asbestos-containing particle(s) (from the large end of the particle sizedistributio

    39、n) disassembled during sample preparation mayresult in anomalously large asbestos surface loading results inthe TEM analyses of that sample. Conversely, failure todisaggregate large particles may result in anomalously lowasbestos mass surface loadings. It is, therefore, recommendedthat multiple inde

    40、pendent samples be secured from the samearea, and that a minimum of three samples be analyzed by theentire procedure.6. Interferences6.1 The following minerals have properties (that is, chemi-cal or crystalline structure) which are very similar to asbestosminerals and may interfere with the analysis

    41、 by causing falsepositives to be recorded during the test. Therefore, literaturereferences for these materials must be maintained in thelaboratory for comparison to asbestos minerals so that they arenot misidentified as asbestos minerals.6.1.1 Antigorite.6.1.2 Palygorskite (Attapulgite).6.1.3 Halloy

    42、site.6.1.4 Pyroxenes.6.1.5 Sepiolite.6.1.6 Vermiculite scrolls.6.1.7 Fibrous talc.6.1.8 Hornblende and other amphiboles not listed in 5.1.3.6.2 Collection of any dust particles greater than 1 mm insize in this test method may cause an interference and,therefore, should be avoided.7. Apparatus7.1 Tra

    43、nsmission Electron Microscope (TEM), an 80 to 120kV TEM, capable of performing electron diffraction, with afluorescent screen inscribed with calibrated gradations, isrequired. The TEM must be equipped with energy dispersiveX-ray spectroscopy (EDXA) and it must have a scanningtransmission electron mi

    44、croscopy (STEM) attachment or becapable of producing a spot size of less than 250 nm indiameter at crossover.7.2 Energy Dispersive X-ray System (EDXA).7.3 High Vacuum Carbon Evaporator, with rotating stage.7.4 High Effciency Particulate Air (HEPA), filtered nega-tive flow hood.7.5 Exhaust or Fume Ho

    45、od.7.6 Particle-Free Water (ASTM Type II, see SpecificationD1193).7.7 Glass Beakers, 50 mL.7.8 Glass Sample Containers, with wide mouth screw cap(200 mL), or equivalent sealable container (height of the glasssample container should be approximately 13 cm high by 6 cmwide).7.9 Waterproof Markers.7.10

    46、 Forceps (tweezers).7.11 Ultrasonic Bath, table top model (100 W, approximate,see 22.5).7.12 Graduated Pipettes, 1, 5, and 10 mL sizes, glass orplastic.7.13 Filter Funnel, 25 mm or 47 mm (either glass ordisposable). Filter funnel assemblies, either glass or disposableplastic, and using either a 25 m

    47、m or 47 mm diameter filter.7.14 Side Arm Filter Flask, 1000 mL.7.15 Mixed Cellulose Ester (MCE) Membrane Filters, 25 or47 mm diameter, 0.22 m and 5 m pore size.7.16 Polycarbonate (PC) Filters, 25 or 47 mm diameter,0.2 m pore size.7.17 Storage Containers, for the 25 or 47 mm filters (forarchiving).7.

    48、18 Glass Slides.7.19 Scalpel Blades.7.20 Cabinet-type Desiccator, or low temperature dryingoven.8. Reagents and Materials8.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee

    49、 onAnalytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society wheresuch specifications are available.6Other grades may be used,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe determination.8.2 Acetone.8.3 Dimethylformamide (DMF).8.4 Chloroform.8.5 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.8.6 Glacial Acetic Acid.6Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the Amer


    注意事项

    本文(ASTM D5756 - 02(2008) Standard Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos Mass Surface Loading (Withdrawn 2017).pdf)为本站会员(赵齐羽)主动上传,麦多课文档分享仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文档分享(点击联系客服),我们立即给予删除!




    关于我们 - 网站声明 - 网站地图 - 资源地图 - 友情链接 - 网站客服 - 联系我们

    copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
    备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1 

    收起
    展开