1、第1页（共13页） 2018年山东省临沂市中考真题英语二、单项填空（共15小题，计15分）选择最佳答案。8.（1分）The bed piano allows a music lover to play _ piano while he is lying in bed.A. aB. anC. /D. the解析：考查冠词。句意床上钢琴让音乐爱好者躺在床上弹钢琴。play+某种乐器，中间加定冠词the。答案：D 9.（1分）Did you read your favorite books _April 23？It was World Book Day.A. forB. atC. onD. in解析
2、：考查介词用法。根据April 23，可知这里表示具体的某一天，用介词on。故选：C。答案：C10.（1分）We couldnt buy anything because _of the shops were open.A. allB. bothC. nothingD. none 解析：both两者都；all所有的，三个以上；none没有一个，三者以上；nothing没有什么。根据We couldnt buy anything because，推断下面说的是所有的商店都没有开门，这里表示三者或者以上用none。答案：D11.（1分）Could you please speak a little
3、 louder？I _ hear you very well.A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt解析：考查情态动词。A不能。B不允许。C不应该。D不必。结合语境请你说大声一点好吗？我_听清你说的话。可知，应该是不能。答案：A 12.（1分）Jane _ to call me last night，but she didnt.A. supposedB. supposes 第2页（共13页） C. was supposedD. is supposed解析：结合last night表达的是过去的动作，故用一般过去时，be supposed to应该，主语Jane
4、，故was。故选：C。答案：C13.（1分）They _about a comedy this time yesterday.A. were talkingB. are talkingC. have talkedD. will talk解析：结合this time yesterday可知表达的是过去正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时was/were+doing。主语they，故were。故选：A。 答案：A14.（1分）Of all the blue holes in the world，Sansha Yongle Blue Hole in the South China Seais now _.
5、 It is 300.89 meters deep.A. deeperB. very deepC. as deep asD. the deepest解析：A比较级；B原型；C原型；D最高级，根据前面Of all the blue holes in the world世界上所有的蓝色洞穴，可知后面要用最高级，故选：D。答案：D15.（1分）I didnt see you _ in. You must have been very quiet. A. comesB. to comeC. comeD. have come解析：根据I didnt see you _ in.You must have
6、been very quiet，可知这里考查see sb do sth。故选：C。答案：C16.（1分）When you are in your school dining hall during lunchtime，you may feel lonely _you can find someone to have lunch with.A. ifB. unlessC. after D. because解析：考查连词。A如果、是否。B除非。C在之后。D因为。结合语境当你在学校食堂吃午饭的时候，你可能会感到孤独，_你能找个人一起吃午饭。可知，应该是除非。故选：B。答案：B 第3页（共13页） 1
7、7.（1分）The TV news reports that there _ a storm the day after tomorrow.A. isB. wasC. will beD. has been解析：根据题干中的reports可知时态是一般现在时，根据后面the day after tomorrow后天，可知要用一般将来，构成是will+动词原型，故选：C。答案：C18.（1分）Aprimary school in England has _ signs at its three entrances（入口），saying：Greet your child with a smile，n
8、ot a mobile.A. put intoB. put off C. put onD. put up解析：考查动词短语。A投入。B延期。C穿上。D张贴。结合语境：英国一所小学在三个入口_了招牌，说：用微笑迎接你的孩子，而不是用手机。可知，应该是张贴。故选：D。答案：D19.（1分）My grandparents like stories _ have happy endings.A. theyB. whoC. whichD. /解析：根据句意，这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中stories是先行词，故关系词要用 that或者which，故可排除AB。再根据所缺的空在定语从句中作主语，故关
9、系代词不能省略。故排除D。故选：C。答案：C20.（1分）Most British people drink tea every day _ they prefer black tea. They usually addmilk or sugar to their tea.A. soB. orC. butD. and解析：考查连词。A。so所以，B。or或者，表示选择，C。but但是，表示转折，D。and和，表示并列。根据题干Most British people drink tea every day _ they prefer black tea。可知前后句是并列的关系，即大多数英国人每天
10、喝茶而且他们喜欢红茶。故选：D。 答案：D21.（1分）_ popular festival Halloween is in NorthAmerica!A. What 第4页（共13页） B. What aC. HowD. How a解析：根据popular festival Halloween is in NorthAmerica!可知考查感叹句，what强调名词，而how修饰形容词或副词，本题festival是名词，是可数名词单数，所以用what引导，其结构为whata/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！popular发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。故选：B。答案：B22.（1分）Excuse
11、me，could you please tell me _ from here to the airport？Sure. Its about 100 kilometer.A. how far it isB. how long it takesC. how far is it D. how long does it take解析：根据could you please tell me可知，本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，选项CD是疑问语序，所以排除掉；再根据Its about 100kilometer，这里询问路程用how far。故选：A。答案：A三、阅读理解（共5小题，计25分）2
12、3.（5分）People already know a lot about animals. However，there are still some things aboutanimals that may surprise you. Here are some facts about animals you probably didnt know.Cows do have best friends and feel stressed when they are separated. Scientists have foundthat cows are very social animals
13、 and a cow always makes friends with other cows. When a cow iswith its friends，it feels relaxed，compared with when it is alone.During breeding season，a male penguin（企鹅）will offer a small stone to a female penguin as a gift. If she takes it，they will become partners. When the female penguin lays an e
14、gg，sheand her partner may carry it on their feet，because some penguins dont build nests（鸟巢）.Crocodiles（鳄鱼）swallow（吞）stones. Crocodiles always swallow their food instead ofeating it like other animals. They swallow stones which break the food into very small pieces intheir stomachs. These stones may
15、stay in their stomachs all their lives.Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness. Scientists once found a pregnant（怀孕的）elephant in Africa who ate a kind of plant which was not part of her normal food. Four days later，she gave birth to a baby elephant. The same plant was used by the local p
16、regnant women.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误.正确的用A表示，不正确的用B表示.1.Acow hates making friends with other cows.解析：细节判断题。根据第二段句子a cow always makes friends with other cows。牛总是和其他牛交朋友。可知牛不喜欢和其他的牛交朋友是错误的。故答案为B。 答案：B2.All the male penguins will build nests if the female penguins lay eggs.解析：细节判断题。根据第三段句子When the female peng
17、uin lays an egg，she and her partnermay carry it on their feet，because some penguins dont build nests（鸟巢）。当雌性企鹅下蛋 第5页（共13页） 时，她和她的伙伴可以把它扛在脚上，因为有些企鹅不筑巢。可知如果雌企鹅下蛋，所有雄企鹅都会筑巢是错误的。故答案为B。答案：B3.Crocodiles swallow stones to help with digestion（消化）.解析：细节判断题。根据倒数第二段句子They swallow stones which break the food in
18、to verysmall pieces in their stomachs. These stones may stay in their stomachs all their lives。他们吞下石头，把食物分解成小块。这些石头可能终生留在他们的肚子里。可知鳄鱼会吞下石头来帮助消化。故答案为A。答案：A4.Elephants eat plants only when they are hungry.解析：细节判断题。根据最后一段句子Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness。大象 用植物来治疗疼痛或其他疾病。可知大象只有在饥饿的时候
19、才吃植物是错误的。故答案为B。答案：B5.The passage mainly tells us some surprising facts about animals.解析：细节判断题。根据第一段句子People already know a lot about animals. However，thereare still some things about animals that may surprise you。人们已经知道很多关于动物的事情。然而，还有一些动物可能会让你大吃一惊。可知这篇文章主要告诉我们一些关于动物的令人惊讶的事实。故答案为A。答案：A24.（5分）What was
20、 discovered by accident？The answer is penicillin（青霉素）. It kills germs.By killing germs，it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines you. Shesays you have a staph infection（葡萄球菌感染）. She gives you some medicine. You take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are wel
21、l. Before penicillin，this would not happen.Staph was almost sure death.Everyone wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph insmall dishes. Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Mo
22、lds（霉菌）were a big worry. They are always in the air.You cant see them. Theyre too small. Thereare thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment（实验）fail. Thats why dishesare covered.Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day hetook a cover off
23、a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph germ. There was alsosome mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was，there was no growth of staph. This iswhat Fleming probably thought. By accident，I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph. This is how penicillin was found. But
24、 heres the real miracle（奇迹）. There are thousands ofkinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a fewdays before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds（秒）. In those few seconds the rightmold fell into the right dish.Another man might have thrown t
25、he dish away. But Fleming was verycareful and smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were ! 第6页（共13页） 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。1.During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections，.A. the dishes were not coveredB. staph and mold were put togetherC. mold was kept in small dishe
26、sD. staph was grown in small dishes解析：细节理解题，根据They grew the staph in small dishes可知细菌被养在小的培养皿了，故选D。答案：D2.The word dreaded means .A. famousB. scary C. healthyD. endangered解析：词意猜测题，上文提到She says you have a staph infection葡萄球菌感染，因为是致病菌，所以应该是令人害怕的，故选B。答案：B3.The last paragraph suggests that .A. accidents
27、happen to everyoneB. the careful person does not have accidentsC. the careless person will miss valuable chancesD. luck is enough when doing scientific experiments解析：细节理解题，根据But Fleming was very careful and smart. He understood what the molddid可知细心的人不会错过机遇，故选B。 答案：B4.Most of this passage is written
28、by .A. telling an unusual storyB. showing the results of experimentsC. offering some reasonsD. giving some advice解析：主旨归纳题，文章首句提到What was discovered by accident？The answer is penicillin，下文也主要讲述的是发现青霉素的过程的故事，故选A。答案：A5.This passage is mainly about .A. medicine for a staph infection B. useful accidentsC
29、. Dr. Flemings researchD. discovering penicillin解析：主旨归纳题，文章首句提到What was discovered by accident？The answer is penicillin， 第7页（共13页） 下文也主要讲述的是发现青霉素的过程，故选D。答案：D25.（5分）A. since B. speakers C. our D. until E. included F. expressesHe was a poet（诗人）known for the nostalgia（怀旧）he describes in his poems. Now，
30、it s time for us to express（1）C nostalgia for this great writer.On December 14，2017 the famous Chinese poet Yu Guangzhong passed away in Taiwan.He was born in 1928 in Nanjing，Jiangsu. Yu and his family moved to Taiwan in the 1950s. Helived and worked there（2）D his death.Nostalgia is Yus famous poem
31、in which he（3）F his homesickness（乡愁）for theChinese mainland when he was in Taiwan. The poem came out in 1971，and it remains highlypopular among Chinese（4）B worldwide. Even those who know little about literature enjoy lines from the poem. The poem is（5）E in Chinese high school textbooks.解析：1.考查代词。根据前
32、句He was a poet（诗人）known for the nostalgia（怀旧）he describes inhis poems。他是一位诗人，他在诗歌中描述了思乡情怀。可知结合选项，应说现在，我们该表达我们对这位伟大作家的怀念之情了。故答案为C。2.考查连词。根据前后句Yu and his family moved to Taiwan in the 1950s. He lived and workedtherehis death。可知结合选项，应说余和他的家人在20世纪50年代搬到了台湾。他在那里生活和工作到死。故答案为D。3.考查代词。根据后句his homesickness（乡
33、愁）for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan。可知结合选项，应说乡愁是他在台湾时表达对中国大陆思乡之情的著名诗篇。句子是一般现在时，主语是he第三人称单数。故答案为F。4.考查名词。根据前句The poem came out in 1971这首诗于1971年发表。可知结合选项，应说它在全世界讲中文的人中仍然很受欢迎。这里用名词复数speakers。故答案为B。 5.考查动词。根据前后句The poem isin Chinese high school textbooks。可知结合选项，应说这首诗被收录在中国的高中教科书里。句子是一般现在时的被
34、动语态，结构为be+done。故答案为E。26.（5分）A. translated B. writing C. stick to D. achievements E. give up F. successfulBesides his（1）D in poems，Yu was also a（2）F translator（翻译家），essay writerand critic.He once（3）A English poet Siegfried Sassoons poem in Me，Past，Present，FutureMeet into Chinese. It is regarded as a
35、perfect and powerful translation，in which the most famousline is心有猛虎，细嗅蔷薇 for In me the tiger sniffs the rose.Yu spent his whole life（4）B . In a 2015 interview with Peoples Daily，he said，Thereason why I（5）C writing till today is my passion（热爱）for the Chinese language. He then added that his love for
36、 his mother and his motherland made this passion stronger.解析：1.考查名词。根据后句Yu was also a successful translator（翻译家），essay writer and critic。余还是一位成功的翻译家、散文作家和评论家。可知结合选项，应说除了他在诗歌方面的成就。这里用名词复数achievements。故答案为D。 第8页（共13页） 2.考查形容词。根据前句Besides his achievements in poems，除了他在诗歌方面的成就。可知结合选项，应说余还是一位成功的翻译家、散文作家和
37、评论家。形容词修饰名词translator。故答案为F。3.考查动词。根据后句It is regarded as a perfect and powerful translation，可知结合选项，应说他曾把英国诗人塞格弗里德萨逊的诗翻译成中文。句子是一般过去时，故答案为A。4.考查动词。根据前后句Yu spent his whole lifeIn a 2015interview with People s Daily，可知结合选项，应说在2015年接受人民日报采访时，余用了一生的时间来写作。spend sb doingsth花费时间做某事，故答案为B。5.考查固定用法。根据前后句The re
38、ason why Iwriting till today is my passion（热爱）for theChinese language可知结合选项，应说我坚持写作直到今天的原因是我对中文的热爱。句子是一般现在时，主语是I，第一人称单数，stick to doing坚持做某事，故答案为C。27.（5分）Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to see bike sharing fever. Shared bikes can now be found all over the city.（1）B On streets，we can ofte
39、n see riders of your age. Somemight even be younger than you. Unluckily，there have been some accidents involving（涉及）shared bikes.（2）FOne of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon，a boy wasriding an ofo bike（共享单车）. He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy s parents we
40、re not byhis side.（3）D He was only about 10 years old.The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to manage bike sharing by making rules. Therules are still being discussed，but some of the rules have been decided on.（4）E Users mustbe between 1.45 and 1.95 meters tall.However，it could be hard to m
41、ake these rules work. Ou Jing is ofos manager in Shanghai.He said the company had banned（禁止）children under 12 from using its service. Yet，youngchildren can still be seen riding ofo bikes. Thats because many ofo bikes use manual（手动的）locks.（5）A Ofo has developed electronic locks. However，it will take
42、some time for the company to fix the new locks on all of its bikes.Most of you are old enough to ride a shared bike. Still，please ride slowly for your ownsafety. When you finish using the bike，don t forget to park and lock it properlyforeverybodys safety.根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整.A. If a us
43、er doesnt lock the bike properly after using it，anyone can ride it away.B. In fact，they are popular not only among adults but also among teens.C.All of the children under 12 have stopped riding ofo bikes.D. Besides，the boy was considered too young to ride a bike.E. For example，only people aged betwe
44、en 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes.F. These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody.解析：1.阅读选句题。根据下一句On streets，we can often see riders of your age. Some might even be younger than you。在街道上，我们经常可以看到你这个年龄的骑手，有些人甚至比你年轻。可知，上一句应该是事实上，它们不仅在成年人中流行，而且在青少年中也很流行。选B。2.阅读选句题。根据上一句Unluckily，the
45、re have been some accidents involving（涉及）sharedbikes不幸地是，有一些事故涉及共享自行车。可知，下一句应该是这些事故提醒我们，共 第9页（共13页） 用自行车不适合每个人。选F。3.阅读选句题。根据下一句He was only about 10years old。他才10岁。可知，上一句应该是此外，这个男孩被认为太小而不能骑自行车。选D。4.阅读选句题。根据上一句The rules are still being discussed，but some of the rules have beendecided on。规则还在讨论中，但有些规则已
46、经决定了。及下一句Users must be between1.45and 1.95meters tall。用户的身高必须在1.45到1.95米之间。可知，中间应该是例如，只有年龄在12岁到70岁之间的人可以乘坐共享单车。选E。5.阅读选句题。根据上一句Thats because many ofo bikes use manual（手动的）locks这是因为很多自行车都使用手动锁。及下一句Ofo has developed electronic locks。OFO开发了电子锁。可知，中间应该是如果使用者在使用后不正确锁定自行车，任何人都可以骑自行车离开。选A。五、词形转换（共8小题，计8分）用
47、括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空格限填一词。 29.（1分）Children will be in danger in a swimming pool if their parents dont take good careof .（they）解析：考查代词。结合语境如果父母不好好照顾他们，游泳池里的孩子就会处于危险之中。及所给单词，可知，介词of后用they的宾格them他们。故答案是：them。答案：them30.（1分）Chinese scientists have successfully cloned（克隆）two . They are namedZhong Zhong and H
48、uaHua.（monkey）解析：考查名词复数。结合语境中国科学家成功克隆了两只猴子，他们叫忠忠和花花。由two两个。可知用monkey的复数monkeys。答案：monkeys31.（1分）The oceans are polluted by plastic waste.（heavy） 解析：根据该空处在句中作状语修饰动词polluted，根据副词修饰动词，所给词heavy为形容词，故填入其对应的副词heavily严重地。答案：heavily32.（1分）An American father made pretty dresses for his daughter out of his ol
49、d shirts.（wife）解析：根据该空处在句中作定语修饰名词old shirts，表达所有关系，故填入wife的名词所有格形式。答案：wifes33.（1分）Every year，about 6.5 million people die because of air .（pollute）解析：根据该空处在句中作介词of的宾语故填入对应的名词，所给词pollute为动词，其对应的名词为pollution污染，该词为不可数名词，只有单数形式。 答案：pollution34.（1分）Jimmy could not sleep at first. He finally fell when the rainstorm stopped atmidnight.（sleep）解析：根据空格前为fell，结合所给词sleep，可联想固定短语fall asleep意为入睡，睡着。 第10页（共13页） 答案：asleep35.（1分）It is very for me to have conversations with friends in English every day. Myspeaking skills have certainly improved
