1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-34及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)The modern urban planning and redevelopment movement (1) in response to the (2) and dirtiness of the slum areas which were (3) by the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. Reformation of these areas (4) the objective of e
2、arly city planners, who imposed regulatory laws establishing (5) for (6) , sanitation, water supply, sewage and public health conditions. Urban planners also introduced parks and playgrounds into crowded city neighborhoods, (7) places for recreation, as well as (8) relief.The chief new urban-plannin
3、g concept of the early 20th century was zoningthe regulation of building activity to set (9) of height and (10) and to protect established neighborhoods.Urban territory (11) as a result of improved public transportation. Workers could live far from their jobs, traveling back and forth by bus, subway
4、, or car.By the middle of the 20th century, urban planning (12) its focus. Planners realized that factors of city living must be considered as a whole, so they aimed less (13) attacking (14) problems than at the improvement of entire urban surroundings.Another (15) of urban building has been the bui
5、lding of experimental new towns and cities. In Great Britain, India, Israel, and South America (16) new cities (17) built entirely from plans. Urban planning was an important (15) in Europe after World War , (19) urban planners directed the reconstruction of (20) areas.（分数：40.00）(1).A. rose B. arose
6、 C. raised D. aroused（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. cleanness B. poverty C. order D. disorder（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. experienced B. invented C. discovered D. created（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. was B. were C. is D. are（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. standards B. rules C. conditions D. systems（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. hou
7、sing B. house C. home D. family（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. provide B. offering C. granted D. providing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. visible B. view C. audible D. visual（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. boundary B. goal C. limits D. restraint（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. intensity B. strength C. density D. volume（分数：2.00）A.B
8、.C.D.(11).A. narrowed B. extended C. expanded D. shortened（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. changed B. maintained C. set D. kept（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. about B. to C. for D. at（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. general B. specific C. special D. long-range（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. aspect B. solution C. approach D. alte
9、rnative（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. a number B. many a C. few D. a few（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. are B. were C. will be D. would be（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. aide B. quality C. factor D. influence（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. where B. when C. if D. unless（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. war-weary B. neutral C. war-head
10、D. war-shattered（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、PART GRAMMAR AND V(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.If Mary had had enough money, _ on the trip to Sidney last Christmas.A. she would have gone B. had she goneC. she went D. she would go（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.In ten years time, all those youngsters will become _.A. grown-ups B. grown
11、s-upC. growns-ups D. grown-up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.They failed six times but they have made their minds to try _.A. seven times B. seventh timeC. a seventh time D. the seventh time（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.They decided to chase the cow away _ it did more damage.A. unless B. beforeC. although D. until（分数：2.00）
12、A.B.C.D.5._, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Were other things equal B. Other things being equalC. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.When I arrived at the meeting, the firs
13、t speaker _ and the audience _.A. had finished speaking, had clapped B. finished speaking, clappedC. had finished speaking, were clapping D. finished speaking, were clapping（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The children went there to watch the iron tower _.A. being erected B. to erectC. be erected D. erecting（分数：2
14、.00）A.B.C.D.8.Mr. White works with a chemicals import & export company, but he _ for the industrial fair, since he is on leave.A. has worked B. worksC. is working D. has been working（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.Although it is a very tough task, you _ afraid of any difficulties.A. need not to be B. need notC.
15、dont need D. need not be（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.It is desired that the tour leader _ us immediately of any change in plans.A. inform B. informsC. informed D. has informed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The directors have a meeting every Friday, unless there is nothing to discuss.Which of the following sentences has
16、 a similar meaning?A. The directors have a meeting every Friday without exception.B. The directors occasionally have no meeting on Friday.C. The directors have no meeting on Fridays.D. The directors have nothing to discuss at the meeting every Friday.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12._ I hate to do it, I must sta
17、y home and study tonight.A. As much as B. As muchC. Though much D. As many as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.The idea of traveling through _ space to other planets interests many people today.A. a B. theC. / D. one（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.While reading the newspaper, _.A. a colorful ad caught my eyes B. my attention
18、 was attracted by an adC. I was attracted by a colorful ad D. what attracted me was a colorful ad（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.As _ announced in todays paper, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.A. being B. to beC. is D. been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.How long did it take you to realize he w
19、as dishonest?I _ from the start.A. looked through him B. saw through himC. look forward to him D. saw him through（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.Sharp _ make short graces. So dont laugh at those lesser beings who do not have enough to support themselves.A. heads B. feetC. fingers D. stomachs（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.
20、He was a talented man, so his parents expected much of him. But unfortunately he failed his parents and he was behind _.A. bars B. doorsC. windows D. walls（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.His _ of the basic structures is good but his vocabulary is limited.A. hold B. gripC. grasp D. seizure（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.If
21、I am in trouble, I am sure that she wouldnt _ a finger to help me.A. burn B. bendC. hold D. lift（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.Her audience did not find these works easy to understand though today we found them more _.A. fanciful B. comprehensiveC. comprehensible D. fantastic（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.The army got th
22、e order to arrive at the front immediately, but their advance was _ by bad weather.A. confused B. hamperedC. hammered D. perplexed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.They are not the kind of the people to _ threats.A. yielding B. yielding toC. yield to D. yield up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24._ energy under the earth must be
23、 released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.A. Accumulated B. GatheredC. Assembled D. Collected（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.The fact that the management is trying to reach an agreement _ five separate unions has led to long negotiations.A. over B. uponC. in D. with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.They of
24、fered me a loan on very _ terms.A. favorable B. favoriteC. favored D. favor（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.She was told to _ a sum of money from her salary each month.A. set off B. set upC. set aside D. set about（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.I wish the man behind me wouldnt have _ his newspapers while the play was going
25、on.A. cracked B. giggledC. screeched D. rustled（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.The native Canadians lived in _ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of life.A. coordination B. acquaintanceC. contact D. harmony（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.His hand shook a little as he _ the key in the lock.A. inserted B. p
26、iercedC. squeezed D. jammed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-34答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)The modern urban planning and redevelopment movement (1) in response to the (2) and dirtiness of the slum areas which were (3) by the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. Reform
27、ation of these areas (4) the objective of early city planners, who imposed regulatory laws establishing (5) for (6) , sanitation, water supply, sewage and public health conditions. Urban planners also introduced parks and playgrounds into crowded city neighborhoods, (7) places for recreation, as wel
28、l as (8) relief.The chief new urban-planning concept of the early 20th century was zoningthe regulation of building activity to set (9) of height and (10) and to protect established neighborhoods.Urban territory (11) as a result of improved public transportation. Workers could live far from their jo
29、bs, traveling back and forth by bus, subway, or car.By the middle of the 20th century, urban planning (12) its focus. Planners realized that factors of city living must be considered as a whole, so they aimed less (13) attacking (14) problems than at the improvement of entire urban surroundings.Anot
30、her (15) of urban building has been the building of experimental new towns and cities. In Great Britain, India, Israel, and South America (16) new cities (17) built entirely from plans. Urban planning was an important (15) in Europe after World War , (19) urban planners directed the reconstruction o
31、f (20) areas.（分数：40.00）(1).A. rose B. arose C. raised D. aroused（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。这几个选项或词义相近，或词形相近，而所有选项均为过去式，同时，选项后面的介词短语表明该词没有宾语，应为不及物动词。因此，主要任务为区别各词义。arose为arise的过去式，意为“兴起，出现，发生”，指新的事物的出现，为不及物动词，如：No one expected that a new spirit of freedom was arising. 没有人料到一种渴望自由的新精神正在形成。本文含义为一种“运动
32、”的兴起，因此，arose符合题意，为正确答案。rose为rise的过去式，含义较多，意指“上升”时，做不及物动词，表示位置或地位的升高，如：The sun rises later in the fall. 秋季的太阳升起较晚。raise含义众多，作“提高”讲时，为及物动词，后须接宾语，指在强度、程度、力量或音调等方面的提高、增强、增大或增加，如：He was very angry and raised his voice. 他非常生气，提高了嗓门。arouse做不及物动词时，意为“睡醒”；但多为及物动词，表“激起，唤起”，如：How could you manage to arouse su
33、ch an indifferent persons enthusiasm?你是怎么激起这么一个冷漠的人的积极性的?(2).A. cleanness B. poverty C. order D. disorder（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。根据上下文，选项是对slum areas进行描写，而选项后的连接词and表明选项与and之后的词具有相近的主观意见，两者应相互支持或补充，因此，首先就可以排除与dirtiness(污秽，肮脏)含义相对立的cleanness(清洁)与order(有序)。本文的主题为“市容市貌的规划建设”，整篇文章都围绕不同时期城市市容市貌的规划
34、建设的不同特点进行介绍，自始至终都没有提及贫民窟的贫穷问题。而后面所交待的城市规划者针对贫民窟的规划也是有关市容市貌的问题，因此，poverty(贫困)可排除。而disorder与dirtiness可相互补充说明市容问题，又与主题及本段的上下文相符，因此选disorder。disorder意为“杂乱，凌乱”，如：The desk is in sad disorder. 案头凌乱不堪。(3).A. experienced B. invented C. discovered D. created（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。本句意为“贫民窟由19世纪工业革命造成”，c
35、reate“产生，引起，造成”，如：Its bound to create trouble sooner or later if you dont give it up. 如果你不放弃的话，注定要引起麻烦，这是迟早的事。因此，create符合题意，为正确答案。experience意为“经历”，如：He experienced a great adventure not long ago. 不久前他经历了一次伟大的冒险。invent意为“发明，创造，捏造”，如：He even didnt know who invented the steam engine. 他竟然连谁发明了蒸汽机都不知道。di
36、scover“发现，暴露”，指对已存在的但无人知晓的事、物等的发现，如：It was Columbus that discovered America. 正是哥伦布发现了美洲。(4).A. was B. were C. is D. are（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。此句为主从复合句，空格部分为系表结构，其主语为reformation of these areas，中心词为reformation，系动词应为单数。其次，从句动词时态为过去时，且主从句谈及的是同一问题早期规划者的目标。再者，前一句已交待时间19世纪工业革命，随后没有出现新的时间，因此，只有选项was符合要求。选项
37、is时态不符，are时态和单复数均不符，were单复数不符。(5).A. standards B. rules C. conditions D. systems（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。四个选项均能与establish搭配，但for后面的一系列名词却并不都能与各选项相配搭。首先是conditions不能与public health conditions搭配，不能说“建立公共健康条件的条件”；其次是system也不能与public health conditions搭配，“建立公共健康条件的系统”不符合情理。rules意为“法则，规章，条例”，而前面主语为reg
38、ulatory laws，如果说法律建立规章，则为不必要的重复；另外，rules与public health conditions搭配成为“公共健康条件的规章”也不合情理。而standards标准”既可与establish搭配，又可与后面所有的名词及名词短语搭配，说“法律建立标准”也符合情理，因此为正确选项。rule与standard都含有“标准”之意。rule指一种准则，如：New rules of conduct in the school have been established. 已建立了新的学校行为准则。standard“标准”，指一种公认的衡量数量或者质量的标准，如：A meet
39、ing was being held to set noise and water standards. 一个制定噪声和水质标准的会议正在召开。(6).A. housing B. house C. home D. family（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。本句的空格与后面紧接的一组词汇短语由and连接，二者体现为并列关系。此处讲城市规划建设的问题，空格后的词为“卫生、供水等”，都是有关城市建设的一般性问题，因此，空格亦应如此。housing意为“住房供给，住房建设”，如：the housing problem in cities城市住房问题。可见，housing符
40、合题意，为正确答案。housing也可作“住房，住宅”讲，但为总称，不单指某一具体的住房，如：Many people were in bad housing许多人住在破旧的房屋里。而house指具体的用于居住的建筑物，不具一般性特点，而属特殊个体的问题，其意为“房子，住宅”，如：He made a big for tune and bought a three-storied house. 他发了财，买了一栋三层楼的房子。可见，此选项不符题意。home“家，住宅”，指家庭成员在一起生活的地方，如：He wont go home for lunch today. 他今天不回家吃午饭。由此可见，h
41、ome不属城市规划建设的范畴，和sanitation，water supply等问题不属一类，因此，不符题意。family“家庭，子女”，指家中成员，如：Mark is the eldest of the family. 马克是子女中最大的一个。其意与城市建设更无任何关联。(7).A. provide B. offering C. granted D. providing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。介词的固定搭配。根据现在分词和过去分词做状语的特点，分词的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，空格动词的逻辑主语应为urban planners，其与主语的关系应为主动，因此，过去分词p
42、rovided和granted与逻辑主语的关系为被动，与句意不符，语法上出错，不能选。provide和offer均有“提供”之意，但offer用法为offer sb. sth. 或offer sth. to sb. ；而provide用法则为provide sth. (for sb. )或provide sb. with sth. 。由此可见，providing用法与本题一致，为正确选项。(8).A. visible B. view C. audible D. visual（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。此选项用来修饰relief，因此必须能与之搭配。relief的
43、含义为“(对单调或紧张的)调剂，消遣”；其次，与前面的recreation(娱乐，消遣)之间由as well as连接，二者为并列关系。visual意为“视觉的，看得见的”，指属于或关于视觉的，是形容词，如：visual pollution视觉污染。visual与relief搭配意为“视觉上的调剂”，此含义与recreation正可成并列关系，同为前面的公园与运动场所所提供之物。由此看出，选项visual符合题意。view意为“景色，视野”，为名词，不管从词义还是词性上讲，都不适合修饰relief，如：He was deeply attracted by the view from the t
44、ower. 他被从塔上看到的景色深深地吸引了。visible意为“看得见的”，如：visible spectrum可见光谱。因此，与relief搭配不符题意。audible“听得见的”，此词与visible的区别只是一个指视觉，一个指听觉，如：an audible whisper听得见的低语。因此，也不符题意。(9).A. boundary B. goal C. limits D. restraint（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。空格前讲的是对建筑物的规定，之后是height(高度)，那么limits自然就是最好的选择。limit意为“限制，界限，范围”，主要指在
45、数量、程度或时间上确定的最大值，人或事物不可能或不可以超越它，否则就会受罚或引起令人不快的后果，如：There is a limit to everything. 凡事都有限度。此处为建筑物的“高度极限”。boundary“边界，分界线”，主要指领土的边界或限制线，如：A stone wall marked the boundary between the two farms. 石墙是两个农场的分界线。goal表“目标，目的”，如：I wish I could achieve my goal of writing 20 novels. 我希望能达到创作20部小说的目标。restraint意为“抑制，遏制”，指约束控制感情、自由等，如：As a king, he was under no restraint whatever. 作为国王，他不受任何束缚。由此可见，这三个选项均不合题意。(10).A. intensity B. strength C. density D. volume（分数：2.00）A.B.
