1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-30及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated (1) on the efficient production of goods, and then reli
2、ed on (2) salesmanship to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and (3) focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then (4) them into money.Marketing, (5) , focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the (6) and demands of consumers and the prod
3、ucing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that (7) trying to sell (8) is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first (9) to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then (10) making it (11) fo
4、r (12) .This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given (13) over profit in a company. There are always (14) to every business transactionthe firm and the customerand each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, howeve
5、r, recognize that the surest route to profit is (15) understanding and catering to customers.A(n) (16) example of the importance of catering to the consumer (17) itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The (18) of the new flavor by a (19) portion of the public (20) a prom
6、pt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!（分数：40.00）(1).A. dominantly B. prominently C. primarily D. primitively（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. persuasive B. convincing C. persuadable D. convincible（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. selling B. industries C. buyi
7、ng D. purchase（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. alter B. modify C. convert D. switch（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. on the whole B. in general C. on the other hand D. in addition（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. preferences B. likes C. preferment D. favorite（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. except B. except for C. instead of D. besides（
8、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. wherever B. whatever C. anything D. everything（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. effort B. try C. attempt D. endeavor（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. go for B. go about C. go through D. go with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. accessible B. available C. convenient D. obtainable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. bu
9、y B. sell C. production D. purchase（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. prioritization B. preference C. priority D. privilege（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. many sides B. two sides C. the same side D. different sides（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. through B. for C. with D. in（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. striking B. noticeable C.
10、 prominent D. outstanding（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. showed B. indicated C. revealed D. presented（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. acceptance B. receptivity C. popularity D. non-acceptance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. small B. considerable C. meaningful D. considerate（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. brought about B. brought
11、 back C. brought in D. brought up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、PART GRAMMAR AND V(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Who called this morning?_.A. My mothers friend B. A friend of my motherC. My mother friend D. A friend of my mothers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.He is a brilliant scholar and is everywhere recognized _.A. as such B. as mu
12、chC. such as D. so as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.This book must _ by the end of next month.A. finish B. have finishedC. be finished D. to be finished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Wed rather you _ the account tomorrow.A. settled B. settleC. would settle D. will settle（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.There was a teapot fashioned like
13、a china duck, out of _ open mouth the tea was supposed to come.A. which B. itsC. that D. whose（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6._ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A. For now B. Since thatC. Now that D. By now（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.Britains press is unusual _ it is divided into two v
14、ery different types of newspaper, the quality press and the popular press.A. in how B. in whatC. in which D. in that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.He made a long speech _ his ignorance of the subject.A. only showing B. only showedC. only to show D. only as to show（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.There is a real possibility t
15、hat these animals could be frightened, _ a sudden loud noise.A. being there B. should there beC. there was D. there have been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.It was to New York _ he went in the hope of finding work on one of the New York newspapers.A. which B. whereC. as D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11._ before, his
16、first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success.A. Though having never acted B. As he had never actedC. Despite he had never acted D. In spite of his never having acted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _ going on in the world.A. i
17、t is B. as isC. that is D. what is（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.There was a serious accident yesterday. Do you know which driver _ the accident?A. was to blame for B. was to be blamed forC. is going to blame for D. is going to be blamed for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14._ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choi
18、ce for wedding gown.A. Unpopular has as white been B. White has been as unpopularC. Unpopular has been as white D. Unpopular as white has been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.He recommended that we _ swim when there was a possible storm.A. need not B. would notC. not D. must not（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.He is that kin
19、d of man who is penny wise and _ foolish.A. pound B. currencyC. money D. dollar（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.As advised, you ought to spend your time on something _ researching into.A. worth of B. worthC. worthy D. worthless（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.Fire crews have been operating at full _.A. run B. lengthC. stretc
20、h D. end（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.Our _ were turned down without any discussion at the meeting.A. prepositions B. propositionsC. advices D. proposes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.The dictionary is very thick and it _ 5,000 pages.A. runs after B. runs out ofC. runs through D. runs to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.He knew of no
21、patient _ to ring him at that hour.A. hardly B. likelyC. seemingly D. possibly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.The _ improvement in her typing has made her boss very pleased.A. distinct B. distinctiveC. distinguished D. distinguishing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.A last-minute goal _ the team of victory.A. stolen B. exclu
22、dedC. robbed D. mobbed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.My mothers hospital expenses were slowly _ my income.A. disappearing B. drainingC. spending D. dispersing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.After reading these books, the student was _ to the Darwinian theory of evolution.A. changed B. convertedC. transferred D. adjusted（分
23、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Many countries have adopted systems of _ education in order to promote the average level of education.A. constrained B. compulsoryC. cardinal D. conventional（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.The old gentleman was a very _ looking person, with gray hair and gold spectacles.A. respectful B. respec
24、tiveC. respectable D. respecting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.What became _ the student who used to live with you?A. of B. outC. up D. for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.If these measurements also reduce unemployment, that is _.A. as good as B. to the goodC. all to the good D. for good（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.The price of the
25、 coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight _ are.A. payments B. chargesC. funds D. prices（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-30答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand
26、the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated (1) on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on (2) salesmanship to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and (3) focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and
27、 then (4) them into money.Marketing, (5) , focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the (6) and demands of consumers and the producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that (7) trying to sel
28、l (8) is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first (9) to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then (10) making it (11) for (12) .This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given (13) over profit in a company. There are al
29、ways (14) to every business transactionthe firm and the customerand each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is (15) understanding and catering to customers.A(n) (16) example of the importance of catering to th
30、e consumer (17) itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The (18) of the new flavor by a (19) portion of the public (20) a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!（分数：40.00）(1).A. dominantly B. prominently C. p
31、rimarily D. primitively（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。根据文章含义，选项修饰concentrate on“集中”。primarily“主要地，重要地”，如：He preferred the neighborhood primarily for middle-class. 他更喜欢主要居民为中产阶级的那个居住区。如选此项，其意为“主要集中在”，符合题意，为正确答案。dominantly“占支配地位地，占统治地位地”。prominently“突出地，显眼地”，如：Prominently she is the most attractive gi
32、rl. 明显地，她是最有吸引力的女孩。primitively“原始地，古老地，初期地”，如：The bank refused to invest in such primitively operated foundries. 银行拒绝投资这些以原始手段经营的铸造厂。由此可见，上述后三选项与concentrate on搭配都不合题意。(2).A. persuasive B. convincing C. persuadable D. convincible（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析题。此句讲相对于营销的销售的特点。销售的特点是将重心放在两个方面，即本句前面部分所讲的“
33、生产效率”和这部分所讲的怎么推销的问题，指出销售必须说服别人信任自己。四个选项都含有说服、相信等相关的含义。其中，persuasive“有说服力的，易使人信服的”，强调以情动人，如：You have to admit that he is a most persuasive speaker. 你得承认他很会说服人。此处所选词汇用来修饰salesmanship(推销术)，根据常情，推销产品更多时候是以情动人，劝服消费者购买产品。因此，persuasive为最佳答案。convincing“令人信服的，有说服力的”，一般强调以理服人，如：He can hardly produce any convi
34、ncing arguments. 他几乎不能给出令人信服的论据。persuadable“可以说服的，容易说服的”，如：He believed that his mother was persuadable. 他相信可以说服他的妈妈。如果用persuadable修饰salesmanship，含义为推销术是可被说服的，显然不合题意。convincible“可使信服的，可说服的”，如：He is a convincible person. 他是个通情达理的人。如果说convincible salesmanship，其意为“可使信服的推销术”，可见此选项也不合题意。(3).A. selling B.
35、industries C. buying D. purchase（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。前一句分别从生产和推销两个方面介绍销售的特点。此句继续介绍其特点。此空格前说到生产production，那么另一方面就应为销售，只有这样才能全面地从这两个方面对销售的特点进行介绍；另外，本句的动词focuses为单数，可见前面的主语被视为一个整体，根据上下文，只有销售能够与production一起表示这样的“生产销售”方式其特点到底是什么。因此，selling为正确答案。industries“产业，工业”，本文在介绍营销和一般销售的区别时，没有从具体产业的角度分析，因此
36、，与上下文不符。buying“购买，购买力”，主要强调购买的动作，如：It was the war that caused the scare buying. 正是战争引起了抢购。purchase“购买，所购物”，如：He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books. 他给他儿子一些钱买课本。无论是buying还是purchase，作者都没有用来说明销售的特点，因此，不合题意。(4).A. alter B. modify C. convert D. switch（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。词义辨析
37、题。这几个词都含有变化的意义，其中alter意为“变更，更改，修改”，指在某些方面做出改变，但不失去本质的东西，如：He altered his will after he heard the news. 他听到那个消息后，修改了遗嘱。modify也表“变更，修改”，但强调为适应新需要而进行的改变，如：In the new situation, they promised to modify the terms of the contract. 面临新情况，他们答应修正合同条款。switch“改变，转变”，指一种事物到另一种事物的转换，常用switch from.to.，如：Youd bett
38、er switch the conversation to a lighter subject. 你最好把谈话转移到一个更轻松的话题上。convert“变换”，指使某物转变成另一种形式、物质、状态等，常用convert into，如：Such high temperature cannot convert water into ice. 这么高的温度不能将水变成冰。本句的含义为将这些生产出来的产品转化为货币的形式，根据以上对各选项的分析，convert不仅含义与其相符，用法也与本句相符，因此，为正确答案。(5).A. on the whole B. in general C. on the o
39、ther hand D. in addition（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。本文的主题为区分市场营销和一般销售的不同。上段讲了销售的特点，现在作者开始介绍“市场营销”，也就是开始讲问题的另一个方面，因此，选on the other hand。on the other hand“从另一点来说，从另一个角度出发”，常与on the one hand“从一点来说，从一个观点出发”一起使用，如：On the one hand, we should rely on ourselves; on the other hand, we should introduce som
40、e advanced technology. 一方面，我们要靠自己；另一方面，我们要引进一些先进技术。on the one hand在文章中常被省略。on the whole“总的看来”，如：On the whole, it is a happy marriage. 总的看来，这是个幸福的结合。in general“通常，大体上”，指经常性、大部分情况如此，但并非全部，如：In general it is true. 大体上是真实的。in addition“此外”，指两者都包括，如：Producers profits must be taken into consideration. In a
41、ddition, the wants of consumers must be considered. 生产者的利益必须考虑；此外，消费者的需求也必须加以考虑。以上后三项都不是从问题的另一个方面来讨论，都不合题意。(6).A. preferences B. likes C. preferment D. favorite（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。本句讲既然营销的重心放在消费者一方，那么首先就要分析消费者的喜好和需求，也就是说要搞清楚消费者喜欢什么。选项preferences意为“偏爱，偏爱物，选择”，指两种或几种选择中更偏爱哪一种，强调个人喜好与偏爱，如：Hi
42、s preference is vanilla, not chocolate. 他更偏爱香草味，而不是巧克力味。消费者的偏爱与需求成为营销首要分析的对象，符合常情，也符合题意，因此，为正确答案。likes“喜爱的东西，爱好”，常用于likes and dislikes这个惯用语中，意为“喜恶之物”，如：Let me make a list of his likes and dislikes. 让我把他喜好和讨厌的东西列张表吧。生产者面对众多的消费者分析出他们偏爱之物现实可行，因此，与preferences相比，likes不是最佳答案。preferment“偏爱，选择”，指偏爱的行为或被偏爱的状
43、态，如：I couldnt believe that the preferment went to the younger candidate. 我难以相信他们竞选择了那个年纪较轻的候选人。此选项与题意不符。favorite“特别喜欢的人或物”，如：The Old Man and the Sea is my favorite book. 老人与海是我最喜欢的书。最喜欢的范围更窄，不符合实际情况，因此，不能选。(7).A. except B. except for C. instead of D. besides（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。空格后面的内容尤其是i
44、s easiest to produce(最容易生产)明显与市场营销概念冲突，但与“一般销售”的特点却相合，而后半句指出根据市场营销的要求“生产者和经营者首先”做什么，可以推出作者在否定前面的内容，肯定后面的做法。instead of“不是而是”，表示对前者的否定，对后者的肯定，如：Instead of working for a big company, she became a free-lancer. 她没有为大公司打工，而是做了一名自由撰稿人。由此可见，instead of正合题意，因此，为正确答案。besides“除此之外，还”，besides后面所跟的内容是被包括在内的，如：Bes
45、ides some books, he gave me some pocket money. 除了书以外，他还给了我一些零用钱。也就是说他既给了我书，又给了我零用钱。显然，此处不合题意。except“除之外”，表例外的情况，如：Everyone went except me. 除我之外大家都去了。except for“除之外，除去，撇开”，如：The table is in good condition except for this leg. 除了这条腿以外，这张桌子还是很好的。从以上分析可看出except和except for均不合题意。(8).A. wherever B. whatever C. anything D. everything（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。此处的选项必须结构上既能做sell的宾语，又能做从句is easiest.的主语，同时起关系代词的作用连接前后两个分句。whatever“无论什么”，恰能满足这样的条件，如：Give me whatever is in your pocket. 无论什么，只要是你兜里
