1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-14及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)One of the most common human fears is scarcity. Many people are afraid of not having enough of what they need or want, and so they are always (1) to get to a point (2) they would finally have enough.Alan and Linda always dreamed of living the good life.
2、(3) from poor working-class families, they married young and set out to fulfill their (4) goal of becoming wealthy. They both worked very hard for years, (5) a small fortune, so they could move from their two-bedroom home to a (n) (6) seven- bedroom home in the most upscale neighborhood. They focuse
3、d their energies (7) accumulating all the things they believed (8) abundance: membership in the local (9) country club, luxury cars, designer clothing, and high-class society (10) . No matter how much they accumulated, (11) , it never seemed to be enough. They were unable to erase the deep fear of s
4、carcity both (12) in childhood. They needed to learn the (13) of abundance. Then the stock market (14) in 1987, and Alan and Linda lost a considerable amount of money.One thing (15) another, and they found themselves in a financial disaster. (16) needed to be sold, and (17) they lost the country clu
5、b membership, the cars, and the house. It took several years and much hard work for Alan and Linda to land on their (18) . Only now, as they (19) . what they have lefta solid, loving marriage, their health, a dependable income, and good friends (20) that true abundance comes not from amassing, but r
6、ather from appreciating.（分数：50.00）(1).A. strengthening B. inspiringC. striving D. resolving（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. where B. whenC. that D. which（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. All B. BothC. Either D. Neither（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. mutual B. matureC. identical D. respective（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. hoarding B.
7、 massingC. amassing D. depositing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. magnetic B. extraordinaryC. remarkable D. magnificent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. into B. onC. to D. for（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. signified B. simulatedC. implied D. signaled（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. exclusive B. exceptionalC. extensive D. excessive（分数
8、：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. relatives B. friendsC. colleagues D. employers（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. moreover B. unlessC. however D. besides（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. acquiring B. acquireC. acquired D. had acquired（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. mistake B. instructionC. lesson D. significance（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A.
9、 crashed B. scatteredC. ruined D. descended（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. caused by B. led toC. made for D. turned to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. Essays B. AssetsC. Prospects D. Deposits（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. unfortunately B. instantlyC. essentially D. eventually（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. feet B. handsC. head
10、s D. arms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. assert B. claimC. assess D. revise（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. they will realizeB. do they realizeC. they realizeD. will they realize（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.Hardship did not end with freedom. There were (1) regional variation in both the status and (2) of free blacks during th
11、at period. Free blacks in the north were excluded from most public schools, (3) from interstate travel, barred from voting in many states, and often attacked by (4) whites. Finding a(n) (5) job in the North was extremely difficult. Jobs (6) to free blacks were limited (7) domestic service and farmin
12、g. (8) , the jobs that were available to free blacks were found (9) in urban cities, such as Boston, Philadelphia, and New York. (10) a time when less than 20 percent of all Americans (11) in urban areas, 60 percent of Northern free blacks lived in major urban cities.In the Deep South less than 2 pe
13、rcent of the black population was classified as free in 1860. Often (12) as Creoles (克里奥尔人) or mulattoes (黑白混血儿), a significant (13) of free blacks in the Deep South were wealthy, fight-skinned aristocrats. Some Creoles (14) dark-skinned free blacks, and many despised the negative stigma that was (1
14、5) with being black. The free black elite in cities such as Mobile, Alabama (16) themselves on their fine clothing and respectable air. Whites in the Deep South (17) the few free blacks mainly as day laborers and domestic servants. (18) free blacks worked as carpenters, mechanics, and tailors. The l
15、arge personal (19) of a few free blacks in the Deep South (20) them to own slaves. Many bought slaves in an effort to protect family members, but others sought to expand personal fortunes.（分数：50.00）(1).A. apparent B. distinctC. distinguished D. evident（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. treatment B. behaviorC.
16、position D. condition（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. escaped B. expelledC. prohibited D. eliminated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. generous B. graciousC. hospitable D. hostile（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. decent B. dependentC. elegant D. suitable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. close B. acceptableC. open D. fit（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7
17、).A. to B. withC. by D. at（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. Likewise B. FurthermoreC. Whereas D. Even though（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. wholly B. muchC. most D. mostly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. On B. UponC. At D. For（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. moved B. settledC. worked D. migrated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. referred to B
18、. calledC. named D. labelled（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. population B. ratioC. proportion D. percentage（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. looked downB. looked down uponC. looked upD. looked for（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. related B. concernedC. united D. associated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. dignified B. honoredC. pride
19、d D. distinguished（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. employed B. treatedC. regarded D. rented（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. Much more B. Many moreC. Little more D. No more（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. status B. positionC. money D. fortunes（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. permitted B. causedC. compelled D. admitted（分数：2.50）A.B.C
20、.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-14答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)One of the most common human fears is scarcity. Many people are afraid of not having enough of what they need or want, and so they are always (1) to get to a point (2) they would finally have enough.Alan and Linda always dreamed of living the good life
21、. (3) from poor working-class families, they married young and set out to fulfill their (4) goal of becoming wealthy. They both worked very hard for years, (5) a small fortune, so they could move from their two-bedroom home to a (n) (6) seven- bedroom home in the most upscale neighborhood. They focu
22、sed their energies (7) accumulating all the things they believed (8) abundance: membership in the local (9) country club, luxury cars, designer clothing, and high-class society (10) . No matter how much they accumulated, (11) , it never seemed to be enough. They were unable to erase the deep fear of
23、 scarcity both (12) in childhood. They needed to learn the (13) of abundance. Then the stock market (14) in 1987, and Alan and Linda lost a considerable amount of money.One thing (15) another, and they found themselves in a financial disaster. (16) needed to be sold, and (17) they lost the country c
24、lub membership, the cars, and the house. It took several years and much hard work for Alan and Linda to land on their (18) . Only now, as they (19) . what they have lefta solid, loving marriage, their health, a dependable income, and good friends (20) that true abundance comes not from amassing, but
25、 rather from appreciating.（分数：50.00）(1).A. strengthening B. inspiringC. striving D. resolving（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：striving意为“拼命努力，尝试”，符合文意，故选C。A：strengthening“加强”、B：inspiring“鼓舞，激励”、D：resolving“下决心，决定”均不符合句意，故排除。(2).A. where B. whenC. that D. which（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法题。此句型为定语从句，先行词是po
26、int，根据句意可知，此处应表示时间，即：努力打拼到某个时候。when在此处可引导表时间的定语从句，因此选B。(3).A. All B. BothC. Either D. Neither（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 代词辨析题。B：Both“两者，双方”符合上下文含义，故为正确答案。A：All“全体人员；所有东西”，不用于指代两个人；C：Either指“两者中的任何一方”；D：Neither指“两者都不”，均不符合文意，故排除。(4).A. mutual B. matureC. identical D. respective（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨
27、析题。A：mutual“共同的，共有的”，可修饰goal，故为正确答案。B：mature意为“成熟的”；C：identical“完全相同的”，强调相似性，不符合文意；D：respective表示“各自的，分别的”，此三项皆可排除。(5).A. hoarding B. massingC. amassing D. depositing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：amassing“积蓄；聚集”，一般指积蓄钱、资产等较有价值的东西，符合此处文意，故为正确答案。A：hoarding“储藏，秘藏”，表示收集某物并秘密存放于某处，可排除；B：massing指大规模地集合或集
28、结，可排除；D：depositing表示“(在银行)存钱；存放，寄存贵重物品”，也可排除。(6).A. magnetic B. extraordinaryC. remarkable D. magnificent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。根据上下文可知，拥有七间卧室的房子应用“华丽的，豪华的”来形容，故D：magnificent为正确答案。A：magnetic“磁性的；有吸引力的，有魅力的”、B：extraordinary“异常的，惊人的”、C：remarkable“显著的，值得注意的”均不符合文意，故排除。(7).A. into B. onC. to D. f
29、or（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词辨析题。四个介词中，只有B：on和前面的动词focused可以搭配使用，故为正确答案，其他三项都可排除。(8).A. signified B. simulatedC. implied D. signaled（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。A：signified“意味着，表示意义”，此处和abundance搭配使用表示“意味着富有”的含义，符合句意，故为正确答案。B：simulated“装作，假装”、C：implied“暗示，暗指”、D：signaled“发信号”皆不符合句意，故排除。(9).A. exclusive
30、 B. exceptionalC. extensive D. excessive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。A：exclusive“排他的；限制入会资格的”，引申为“高级的”，此处可修饰club一词，故为正确答案。B：exceptional“例外的，特别的”、C：extensive“广泛的”、D：excessive“过度的，过分的”都不符合句意，故排除。(10).A. relatives B. friendsC. colleagues D. employers（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。此处所填名词的修饰语是high-class s
31、ociety，因为这里列举的是他们富有之后才拥有的象征富裕的东西，B：friends“朋友”，符合句意，故为正确答案。A：relatives“亲戚，亲属”、C：colleagues“同事”、D：employers“雇主”都不符合文意，故排除。(11).A. moreover B. unlessC. however D. besides（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 逻辑关系题。根据对上下文的分析，本句和上文是转折的关系，只有C：however“然而，但是”符合句意，故为正确答案。A：moreover“并且，除此之外”、B：unless“除非”、D：besides“而且，除了之外”
32、均可排除。(12).A. acquiring B. acquireC. acquired D. had acquired（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法题。故事的叙述本身用过去时，他们的童年则发生在“过去的过去”，所以此处应该用过去完成时，故D：had acquired为正确答案，其他三项皆可排除。(13).A. mistake B. instructionC. lesson D. significance（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。从上下文分析，他们并不懂得什么是真正的富足，所以需要得到教训才会醒悟，C：lesson“教训，训诫”，符合句意，故
33、为正确答案。A：mistake“错误”、B：instruction“指导，命令”，不符合句意，可排除；D：significance“意义”，虽然可以说significance of abundance，但是他们并非不知道物质上富足的好处与意义，用在此处不合适，故也排除。(14).A. crashed B. scatteredC. ruined D. descended（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。根据句意，此处所填动词应和句子主语stock market搭配，A：crashed有“失败，瓦解”的意思，符合句意，故为正确答案。B：scattered“散布；分散”、C：
34、ruined“毁灭，毁坏”、D：descended“下降；传下来”均不合句意，故排除。(15).A. caused by B. led toC. made for D. turned to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。B：led to“导致，引起”，符合此处句意，故为正确答案。A：caused by“归因于”，用在此处缺少系动词，故排除；C：made for“向方向进行”、D：turned to“求助，依赖”均不符合文意，故排除。(16).A. Essays B. AssetsC. Prospects D. Deposits（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析
35、：解析 名词辨析题。根据上下文判断，财务危机使得他们不得不卖掉拥有的资产，所以B：Assets“资产，财产”符合句意，故为答案。A：Essays意为“论文，随笔”；C：Prospects意为“预期，前景”；D：Deposits意为“存款，订金”，上述三项都不符合文意，故排除。(17).A. unfortunately B. instantlyC. essentially D. eventually（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。从上下文看，此处所需副词在and后表示最后的结果，D：eventually“最后，终于”符合文意，故为正确答案。A：unfortunately
36、“不幸的是，令人遗憾地”、B：instantly“立即地，即刻地”、C：essentially“本质上”均可排除。(18).A. feet B. handsC. heads D. arms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。句子中的land on后面跟ones feet，为惯用习语，意为“化险为夷”，所以A：feet为正确答案，其他三项均可排除。(19).A. assert B. claimC. assess D. revise（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：assess为“估价，评价”之意，符合此处含义，故为正确答案。A：assert“断言
37、，主张”、B：claim“声称，认领”、D：revise“修订，修改”都不符合句意，故排除。(20).A. they will realizeB. do they realizeC. they realizeD. will they realize（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法题。本句句首由only和状语now构成，所以主句的主语和谓语应采用部分倒装，因此B：do they realize为正确答案。A和C不是倒装结构，可排除；D：will they realize虽然是倒装结构，但此处应是现在时，不是将来时，亦可排除。Hardship did not end with f
38、reedom. There were (1) regional variation in both the status and (2) of free blacks during that period. Free blacks in the north were excluded from most public schools, (3) from interstate travel, barred from voting in many states, and often attacked by (4) whites. Finding a(n) (5) job in the North
39、was extremely difficult. Jobs (6) to free blacks were limited (7) domestic service and farming. (8) , the jobs that were available to free blacks were found (9) in urban cities, such as Boston, Philadelphia, and New York. (10) a time when less than 20 percent of all Americans (11) in urban areas, 60
40、 percent of Northern free blacks lived in major urban cities.In the Deep South less than 2 percent of the black population was classified as free in 1860. Often (12) as Creoles (克里奥尔人) or mulattoes (黑白混血儿), a significant (13) of free blacks in the Deep South were wealthy, fight-skinned aristocrats.
41、Some Creoles (14) dark-skinned free blacks, and many despised the negative stigma that was (15) with being black. The free black elite in cities such as Mobile, Alabama (16) themselves on their fine clothing and respectable air. Whites in the Deep South (17) the few free blacks mainly as day laborer
42、s and domestic servants. (18) free blacks worked as carpenters, mechanics, and tailors. The large personal (19) of a few free blacks in the Deep South (20) them to own slaves. Many bought slaves in an effort to protect family members, but others sought to expand personal fortunes.（分数：50.00）(1).A. ap
43、parent B. distinctC. distinguished D. evident（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。本题需要考生在通读全文后才能做出正确的解答。联系上下文可知，本文讲述了获得自由的美国黑人在北部与南部的不同遭遇。A、B以及D都有“明显的”之意，但意思略有区别，B：distinct“明显的，不同的”，强调区别性特征，或一物与另一物的差异性，符合题意，故为正确答案。A：apparent“显然的，外观上的”，强调表面上能看出的；D：evident“明显的”，强调根据一定的迹象能看出的；C：distinguished表示“著名的”，以上三项均与原文意思
44、不符，故排除。(2).A. treatment B. behaviorC. position D. condition（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。文章谈到了黑人的受教育情况、选举权和就业状况等，这反映了黑人的社会地位及其所受到的待遇，因此A：treatment“待遇，对待”为正确答案。B：behavior表示“行为”，与文意不符，故排除；C：position表示“地位，位置”，与原文的status重复，因此也排除；同理排除D：condition“地位；条件”。(3).A. escaped B. expelledC. prohibited D. eliminated
45、（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：prohibited表示“禁止，不准”，与excluded，barred为并列的谓语动词，词义相关，为正确答案。A：escaped表示“逃离”；B：expelled表示“驱逐”；D：eliminated表示“消除，消灭”，均与原文不符，故排除。(4).A. generous B. graciousC. hospitable D. hostile（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。A：generous“慷慨的”，B：gracious“亲切的，高尚的”，C：hospitable“热情好客的”，D：hostile“怀有敌意的”。显然，会攻击黑人的白人是不能用A、B以及C这三个选项来形容的，因此D：hostile为正确答案。(5).A. decent B. dependentC. elegant D. suitable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。由下文可知，北部的黑人主要从事家政和耕种工作，由此可以断定，对他们来说，“找到一份体面的工作是很难的”，因此，A：decent“体面的，大方的”为正确答案。B：dependent“依赖的”、C：elegant“
