1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-12及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)It is an understood fact that water helps mobilize soluble nutrients, transport waste materials and regulates body temperature. (1) consumption can result in elevated blood pressure and increased amounts of (2) in blood. Water also helps in the transport
2、ation and (3) of fat cells in the body. Our competitive lifestyles have (4) us to eating junk foods containing empty calories of zero nutritional value. This exhausts the natural reserves of nutrients and only ends up (5) increased amounts of fat.Natural foodstuffs, (6) the human body, are also made
3、 up of water. These foods are packed with nutrients in their watery bases and are perfect (7) for deep fried and processed foods. (8) the inclusion of water-based fruits and vegetables like carrots, apples, water melons, lemon, grapes, kiwi, spinach, cucumber and radishes, one is said to (9) as much
4、 as 800 calories per day.The logic behind water dense foods is the fact that, they will (10) the body without causing it additional harm. (11) , the nutrients they contain will (12) the natural reserves and help make physical functions better.(13) water aids in easier and faster digestion of food, i
5、t is responsible for resulting in a high (14) . This, in turn, helps in burning fat. However, knowing how much water to consume to (15) weight loss is essential. It is believed that every 1 kilogram of body weight requires at least 0.033 litres of water to maintain (16) physical tractions. So, an av
6、erage male weighing 60 kilograms, needs to drink at least 2 litres of water to be able to shed weight (17) . Drinking at least 3 glasses of cold water every morning (18) breakfast, will set your metabolism (新陈代谢) (19) . This will keep burning the fat cells throughout the day, even (20) resting.（分数：5
7、0.00）(1).A. Adequate B. InadequateC. Sufficient D. Abnormal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. nutrients B. fragmentsC. ingredients D. impurities（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. dissolution B. dischargeC. distribution D. diversion（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. caused B. reducedC. adapted D. compelled（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. eli
8、minating B. restoringC. storing D. preserving（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. unlike B. likeC. alike D. as（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. substitutes B. substancesC. subsidies D. components（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. Besides B. FromC. Without D. With（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. exhaust B. gainC. lose D. economize（分数：2.50）A.B
9、.C.D.(10).A. pass over B. pass throughC. build up D. break through（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. Moreover B. HoweverC. Anyhow D. After all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. compensate B. compromiseC. complement D. compliment（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. When B. SinceC. Although D. Unless（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. ration B
10、. ratingC. ratio D. rate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. facilitate B. fascinateC. enforce D. regulate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. optional B. optimumC. positive D. prominent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. enormously B. efficientlyC. effectively D. elaborately（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. after B. atC. before D. during（分数：
11、2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. on end B. on topC. in session D. in motion（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. while B. forC. after D. until（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.You cant buy happiness. However, it looks (1) you can at least inherit it, British and Australian researchers said.A study of nearly 1,000 (2) of identical and non-id
12、entical twins found genes (3) half the personality traits that make people happy (4) factors such as relationships, health and careers are responsible for the rest of our well-being. We found that around haft the (5) in happiness were genetic, said Tim Bates, a researcher at the University of Edinbu
13、rgh who led the study. It is really quite (6) . The researchers asked the volunteers (7) in age from 25 to 75a series of questions about their personality, how they worried and how satisfied they were (8) their lives. Because identical twins share the (9) genes and non-identical twins do not, the re
14、searchers could identify common genes that (10) certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness.People who are sociable, active, stable, hardworking and conscientious (11) to be happier, the researchers reported in the journal Psychological Science. What this study showed was (12) the
15、identical twins in a family were very similar in personality and in well-being, and (13) , the non-identical twins were only around half as similar, Bates said. That strongly (14) genes. The (15) are an important piece of the puzzle for researchers (16) to better understand depression and (17) makes
16、 different people happy or unhappy, Bates said. People with positive inherited personality traits may, in effect, also have a reserve of happiness to (18) in stressful times, he said.An important implication is that personality traits of being (19) , calm and reliable provide a resource, we called i
17、t affective reserve, that (20) future happiness Bates said.（分数：50.00）(1).A. that B. likeC. if D. as（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. individuals B. groupsC. pairs D. persons（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. supervise B. manageC. control D. monitor（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. however B. whileC. if D. because（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.
18、(5).A. differences B. similaritiesC. variations D. resemblances（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. strange B. surprisingC. interesting D. satisfying（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. ranging B. rangedC. lying D. lied（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. in B. aboutC. during D. with（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. different B. similarC. same D.
19、distinct（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. result from B. result inC. relate with D. respond to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. intend B. supposeC. expect D. tend（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. because B. thatC. what D. if（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. in fact B. on the other handC. by contrast D. on the contrary（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.
20、(14).A. imitates B. implicatesC. imposes D. improves（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. findings B. resultsC. implications D. conclusions（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. trying B. tryC. managing D. manage（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. when B. thatC. how D. what（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. give up B. give inC. draw up D. draw on
21、（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. pessimistic B. outgoingC. arrogant D. timid（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. leads B. inheritsC. drives D. produces（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-12答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)It is an understood fact that water helps mobilize soluble nutrients, transport waste materials and regulat
22、es body temperature. (1) consumption can result in elevated blood pressure and increased amounts of (2) in blood. Water also helps in the transportation and (3) of fat cells in the body. Our competitive lifestyles have (4) us to eating junk foods containing empty calories of zero nutritional value.
23、This exhausts the natural reserves of nutrients and only ends up (5) increased amounts of fat.Natural foodstuffs, (6) the human body, are also made up of water. These foods are packed with nutrients in their watery bases and are perfect (7) for deep fried and processed foods. (8) the inclusion of wa
24、ter-based fruits and vegetables like carrots, apples, water melons, lemon, grapes, kiwi, spinach, cucumber and radishes, one is said to (9) as much as 800 calories per day.The logic behind water dense foods is the fact that, they will (10) the body without causing it additional harm. (11) , the nutr
25、ients they contain will (12) the natural reserves and help make physical functions better.(13) water aids in easier and faster digestion of food, it is responsible for resulting in a high (14) . This, in turn, helps in burning fat. However, knowing how much water to consume to (15) weight loss is es
26、sential. It is believed that every 1 kilogram of body weight requires at least 0.033 litres of water to maintain (16) physical tractions. So, an average male weighing 60 kilograms, needs to drink at least 2 litres of water to be able to shed weight (17) . Drinking at least 3 glasses of cold water ev
27、ery morning (18) breakfast, will set your metabolism (新陈代谢) (19) . This will keep burning the fat cells throughout the day, even (20) resting.（分数：50.00）(1).A. Adequate B. InadequateC. Sufficient D. Abnormal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。空格处的前一句已经说明了水的功效，所以本句提到的后果必然是由于水的摄入量不足所引起的，B：Inadequate“不充分的，不足的
28、”符合文意，故为正确答案。A：Adequate“充分的，足够的”、C：Sufficient“充分的，足够的”和D：Abnormal“反常的，不正常的”均可排除。(2).A. nutrients B. fragmentsC. ingredients D. impurities（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。根据上下文的逻辑关系，升高的血压和增多的血液杂质是两个并列的后果。D：impurities“杂质，混杂物”符合此处句意，故为正确选项。A：nutrients“营养素，营养物”；B：fragments“破片，碎片”和C：ingredients“成分，材料；因素”均可排除
29、。(3).A. dissolution B. dischargeC. distribution D. diversion（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。A：dissolution“分解，溶解”，dissolution of fat cells意为“脂肪细胞的分解”，符合句意，故为答案。B：discharge“排放，排出”，一般指排放液体或气体；C：distribution意为“分配，分发”；D：diversion“转向，转移；消遣”，此三项均可排除。(4).A. caused B. reducedC. adapted D. compelled（分数：2.50）A.B.
30、C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。B：reduced“迫使(陷入某种状态)，使不得不”，通常后接sb. to doing，符合此处的句意和句型，故为正确答案。A：caused“导致，成为的原因”，可用于句型cause+n.+to do，不符合此处句型；D：compelled“强迫，迫使”后接名词再加不定式，也不符合此处句型；C：adapted“使适应，适合”，以上三项均可排除。(5).A. eliminating B. restoringC. storing D. preserving（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。从上下文分析，此处是说不健康的饮食最终导致的后果是囤积
31、脂肪。因此C：storing“贮存”符合文意，故为正确选项。A：eliminating“除去，消除”、B：restoring“恢复，修复”和D：preserving“保存，保持”皆可排除。(6).A. unlike B. likeC. alike D. as（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词辨析题。从also一词可判断应填入表示“相似”的介词，因此B：like“像，相似”为正确选项。A：unlike意为“不像，不同于”；C：alike“彼此相似的，同样的”，一般作形容词或副词；D：as作介词时意为“作为”，以上三项均可排除。(7).A. substitutes B. subst
32、ancesC. subsidies D. components（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。A：substitutes“替代品，替代物”，符合句意，而且可以和句中的：for搭配，故为正确答案。B：substances“物质”、C：subsidies“补助金，津贴”和D：components“构成要素，成分”均可排除。(8).A. Besides B. FromC. Without D. With（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词辨析题。D：With用在此处表示“如果有”，符合句意，故为正确答案。A：Besides“除了还”、B：From“从”和C：W
33、ithout“没有，缺乏”均不符合文意，故排除。(9).A. exhaust B. gainC. lose D. economize（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。从上下文可推知，水分丰富的水果蔬菜对健康有益，因而应该能够帮助减轻体重，即失去一定的热量。C：lose“失去，丧失”，此处表示“减少”，故为正确答案。A：exhaust“耗尽”、B：gain“得到，增加”和D：economize“节约，节俭”均不符合文意，故排除。(10).A. pass over B. pass throughC. build up D. break through（分数：2.50）A.B
34、.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。B：pass through“穿过，经过”，符合句意，故为正确答案。A：pass over意为“省略；忽视”；C：build up意为“建立；增进”；D：break through意为“突破”，以上三项均可排除。(11).A. Moreover B. HoweverC. Anyhow D. After all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。从上下文分析，此处谈到的是富含水分的食物的另一个好处，A：Moreover“而且，除此以外”表递进，符合文意，故为正确答案。B：However“然而，但是”、C：Anyhow“不管怎样，反正”和
35、D：After all“毕竟”均不符合文意，故排除。(12).A. compensate B. compromiseC. complement D. compliment（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：complement“补充，补足”，符合此处的句意，故为正确答案。A：compensate“补偿，赔偿”、B：compromise“妥协，让步”、D：compliment“恭维，夸奖”均不符合文意，故排除。(13).A. When B. SinceC. Although D. Unless（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。根据句意，此处应填表
36、示原因的连词，因此B：Since“因为，既然”是正确答案。A：When“当时”、C：Although“尽管，虽然”和D：Unless“除非”皆可排除。(14).A. ration B. ratingC. ratio D. rate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。此处短语是“新陈代谢率”之意，所以D：rate“率，比率，比例”符合此处的句意，故为正确答案。A：ration“配给量，分配额”、B：rating“评价，估价，等级”，这两项不符合句意，可排除；C：ratio虽有“比例，比率”之意，通常表明两个量之间的倍数关系，如：2 to 1(二比一)，亦可排除。(15).A
37、. facilitate B. fascinateC. enforce D. regulate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。A：facilitate“促进，使变得容易”和weight loss连用，符合文意，故为正确答案。B：fascinate“使入迷”、C：enforce“实行，实施”和D：regulate“调整；管制”均不符合句意，故排除。(16).A. optional B. optimumC. positive D. prominent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。B：optimum“最适宜的，最佳的”符合文意，故为正确答案。A
38、：optional“可选择的；任意的”、C：positive“明确的；积极的”和D：prominent“突出的，显著的”均可排除。(17).A. enormously B. efficientlyC. effectively D. elaborately（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。根据上下文分析，六十公斤体重的人要维持最佳身体机能所需水分将近两升(根据前一句可计算出)，这里所填副词应该表示“有效地”之意，即C：effectively“有效地，能产生结果地”符合文意，故为正确答案。A：enormously“巨大地，庞大地”、B：efficiently“有效率地”和D
39、：elaborately“精心地，精巧地”均不符合文意，故排除。(18).A. after B. atC. before D. during（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 逻辑关系题。根据本句的逻辑关系，喝水应该是在早饭前，所以只有C：before为正确答案，其他皆可排除。(19).A. on end B. on topC. in session D. in motion（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。C：in motion“运动中，运转中”，此处和set搭配表示“启动，促使运转起来”之意，符合文意，故为正确答案。A：on end“直立；连续地”、B：o
40、n top“在上方；成功”和D：in session“在开会；在开庭”均不符合文意，故排除。(20).A. while B. forC. after D. until（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。从上下文看，这里是说早饭前喝水的作用：一天当中，无论活动还是休息，脂肪细胞都在燃烧，A：while“当时候，在时”符合上下文关系，故为正确答案。You cant buy happiness. However, it looks (1) you can at least inherit it, British and Australian researchers said.A
41、 study of nearly 1,000 (2) of identical and non-identical twins found genes (3) half the personality traits that make people happy (4) factors such as relationships, health and careers are responsible for the rest of our well-being. We found that around haft the (5) in happiness were genetic, said T
42、im Bates, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh who led the study. It is really quite (6) . The researchers asked the volunteers (7) in age from 25 to 75a series of questions about their personality, how they worried and how satisfied they were (8) their lives. Because identical twins share th
43、e (9) genes and non-identical twins do not, the researchers could identify common genes that (10) certain personality traits and predispose people to happiness.People who are sociable, active, stable, hardworking and conscientious (11) to be happier, the researchers reported in the journal Psycholog
44、ical Science. What this study showed was (12) the identical twins in a family were very similar in personality and in well-being, and (13) , the non-identical twins were only around half as similar, Bates said. That strongly (14) genes. The (15) are an important piece of the puzzle for researchers (
45、16) to better understand depression and (17) makes different people happy or unhappy, Bates said. People with positive inherited personality traits may, in effect, also have a reserve of happiness to (18) in stressful times, he said.An important implication is that personality traits of being (19) , calm and reliable provide a resource, we called it affective reserve, that (20) future happiness Bates said.（分数：50.00）(1).A. that B. likeC. if D. as（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。look like表示“看起来像”之意，look like后除可接名词外，也可接从句，例如：It looks like its going to rain. (看起来好像要下雨了。)，故选B。look后如果接A：that，表示“
