1、专业英语四级听力-37及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：3，分数：30.00)（分数：9.00）(1).The U.S. will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because _. A. the number of PhD degree holders is declining B. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing C. the number of 22-year-olds is
2、declining D. scientists and engineers are not employed（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The candidates of the PhD in the field of science and engineering is facing a competition from _. A. technology B. foreign nationals C. such fields as law D. postgraduates（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Many promising postgraduates are
3、unwilling to pursue a PhD degree because _. A. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science B. industry does not require PhD holders C. they wont earn much money after graduation D. they will face the cost and financial sacrifice（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：12.00）(1).The figure of world illiteracy was o
4、btained by _. A. experts in Paris B. a committee of UNESCO C. an international organization D. none of these（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A world plan mentioned in the passage aims at _. A. helping illiterates learn how to read and write B. training responsible citizens C. enforcing the functions of UNESCO D
5、. urging Southern European countries to take the lead in attacking illiteracy（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, we learn that the population of illiteracy in Africa is _. A. approximately six hundred million B. approximately seven hundred and twenty-five million C. approximately one hund
6、red million D. eighty to eighty-five million（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author implies that this world plan is to _. A. be debated at an important international conference B. be realized in ten years C. be drawn up by Parisian experts D. be carried out in the major areas of illiteracy like Africa（分数：3.
7、00）A.B.C.D.（分数：9.00）(1).Now, a nations political influence depends on _. A. the strength of its military forces B. its ability to compete in industry C. economic markets D. both A and B（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _. A. its powerful mil
8、itary forces B. its vast land C. its industrial competitiveness D. its contributions to world peace（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).America has succeeded in shaping world events over the past 40 years probably because of _. A. its ability to adapt technology B. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities
9、of its people C. its ability to compete in the world markets D. both A and B（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.二、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：3，分数：30.00)（分数：9.00）(1).What happens during the natural growth of a tree each year? A. Their rings become lighter in color. B. They have one more ring of wood. C. They become more precio
10、us. D. Their rings get closer and closer.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What may lead to the differences among the rings of the same tree? A. The weather. B. The exposure to sunlight. C. The nutrition provided by the soil. D. The time span.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why are the archaeologists interested in dendroch
11、ronology? A. They can measure constructions. B. It helps them study past society. C. It provides a time tracing procedure. D. They can build more buildings.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：12.00）(1).According to the passage, what do people often think about astronomers? A. They spend most of their time looking
12、through telescopes. B. They are constantly analyzing data. C. They often live near observatories. D. They devote a lot of time to theoretical problems.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the advantage of photographing the skies? A. The cost of equipment needed is reduced. B. Fewer data need to be analyzed.
13、 C. The images can be studied by different astronomers. D. The natural colors of astronomical objects can be captured.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What do astronomers use photographic plate for? A. Decreasing the time it takes to photograph objects. B. Avoiding using a telescope. C. Sharpening the color of
14、what they observe. D. Obtaining images of distant objects.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the one reason astronomers make long time exposures? A. To spend less time at their telescopes. B. To overcome the problem of weak light. C. To take more photographs. D. To photograph astronomical objects without
15、using a telescope.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：9.00）(1).Daniel Defoe began to write Robinson Crusoe when he was _. A. in his sixties B. in his fifties C. over sixty D. sixty（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What was the first part of Robinson Crusoe talking about? A. His lonely life. B. His characters. C. His journeys b
16、y sea. D. His fame and wealth.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What was Defoes contribution to the English literature? A. He wrote a very interesting story. B. He made people happy while reading his story. C. He set a milestone of the modern English novel. D. He was active in politics and was against capitalism
17、.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.三、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：3，分数：40.00)（分数：12.00）(1).Who were the first insurance contracts designed to protect? A. Insurance companies. B. Sailors. C. Manufacturers. D. Merchants.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, what determined the cost of early insurance policies? A. The d
18、istance the merchandise had to be shipped. B. The number of insurance companies available at the time. C. The amount of danger involved in shipping the goods. D. The type of vessel used to transport the goods.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the passage tell us about current insurance policies? A. Onl
19、y four types of policies still exist today. B. They cost less than the ones in the Middle Ages. C. They include features similar to earlier policies. D. The interest rates are based on early methods of calculation.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：16.00）(1).For what reason was the speed limit set at 55-mile-an-h
20、our in 1970s? A. The citizens decided on it. B. People believed that speeds above that were not safe. C. The older people advocated it. D. The U.S. suffered a fuel crisis.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Who is most probably in favor of increasing the speed limit? A. Senior citizens. B. Professional drivers who
21、 drive trucks. C. People from the Southern part of the country. D. Drivers with turbocharged automobiles.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How many people surveyed agreed to set a new law of speed limit? A. More than half of the people felt the law was obsolete. B. The average amount of people felt the law was o
22、bsolete. C. Some of the people felt that the law was obsolete. D. Less than half the people thought the law was obsolete.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What examples do people give to support their view that a higher speed limit is still safe? A. The economic benefit. B. The long roads between the cities in t
23、he western part of the country. C. The currently used turbocharged engine. D. The current German and Australian policies.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：12.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about? A. The Shaker religious belief. B. The Shaker craftsmanship. C. The Shaker originality. D. The Shaker exhibition.（
24、分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(2).When were the Shakers most active? A. Between 1800 and 1850. B. Between 1850 and 1900. C. Between 1900 and 1950. D. From 1950 to the present.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What characteristic do Americans like about the Shaker furniture? A. Its ornaments. B. Its lightness. C. Its simple de
25、signs. D. Its value.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级听力-37答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：3，分数：30.00)（分数：9.00）(1).The U.S. will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because _. A. the number of PhD degree holders is declining B. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasi
26、ng C. the number of 22-year-olds is declining D. scientists and engineers are not employed（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：听力原文 The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the worlds technology. So says more than one study in recent years. UThe main reason for this decline is the parallel de
27、cline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers./U Since 1976, employment of scientists and engineers has gone up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-oldsthe near term source of future PhDsis declining. UFurther adding to the probl
28、em is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields: law, medicine, business, etc./U While the number of U.S. PhDs in science and engineering declines, the award of PhDs to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly. Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineerin
29、g careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelors and Masters degree holders. UToo often, promising PhD candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education, find the attraction of industry irresistible./U 细节
30、题。短文一开始点明主题，美国将逐渐失去它在技术方面的领先地位，原因是科学家和工程师在数量上双双减少，接下来分析了减少的原因。B为正确答案。A具有强干扰性，但不是博士生总量少了。而是从事科学和工程方面的博士生少了，故应排除。(2).The candidates of the PhD in the field of science and engineering is facing a competition from _. A. technology B. foreign nationals C. such fields as law D. postgraduates（分数：3.00）A.B.C
31、.D.解析：细节题。文中提到工科博士减少的原因之一是报考博士的考生受到来自法律，医学和商业方面的竞争，故C为正确答案。B具有强干扰性，但文中只提到越来越多的博士学位颁发给外国人，但并未说对本国的科技领域构成竞争，故应排除。(3).Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PhD degree because _. A. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science B. industry does not require PhD holders C. they wont ea
32、rn much money after graduation D. they will face the cost and financial sacrifice（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：细节题。文章结尾说很难动员学生继续深造，因为工业需要大量本科和硕士毕业生，对许多有望。继续攻读博士的学生来讲，继续深造就意味着在费用和财力方面必须付出和牺牲。据此推断D为正确答案。（分数：12.00）(1).The figure of world illiteracy was obtained by _. A. experts in Paris B. a committee of UNESCO
33、C. an international organization D. none of these（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：听力原文 UIt is estimated that some seven hundred million people are unable to read and write,/U and there are probably two hundred and fifty million more whose level of attainment is so slight that it barely qualifies as literacy. Rec
34、ently the attack on illiteracy has been stepped up. A world plan has been drawn up by a committee of UNESCO experts in Pads, as part of the UNESCO Nations Development Decade, and an international conference on the subject has also been held. UUNESCO stresses that functional literacy is the aim./U Pe
35、ople must learn the basic skills of responsible citizenship: the ability to read notices, newspapers, timetables, letters, pricelists, to keep simple records and accounts, to sort out the significance of the information gathered, and to fill in forms. UThe major areas of illiteracy are in Asia, Afri
36、ca, and Central and South America./U UThere are at least one hundred million illiterates in Africa, comprising eighty to eighty-five percent of the total population./U In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million, most of them in Southern Europe, with Spain, Italy, Portugal, and Yugoslavia head
37、ing the list. 细节判断题。题干问的是世界文盲的统计数据是怎么来的，乍看起来A、B、C都有道理，但文章第一段只是说据估计(It is estimated that)世界上有7亿人不能读书、写字。这只是一个约数，文中并没有明确指出该数据由谁做出，所以D为正确答案。(2).A world plan mentioned in the passage aims at _. A. helping illiterates learn how to read and write B. training responsible citizens C. enforcing the functions
38、 of UNESCO D. urging Southern European countries to take the lead in attacking illiteracy（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：细节题。文中提到联合国教科文组织的一个委员会决定发起一个计划，那就是使人们基本脱盲，掌握一些基本的读写能力。据此推之A为正确答案。B具有强干扰性，但该计划的目的是培养负责任公民的基本技能，而不是培养负责任的公民，应排除。(3).According to the passage, we learn that the population of illiteracy in Afric
39、a is _. A. approximately six hundred million B. approximately seven hundred and twenty-five million C. approximately one hundred million D. eighty to eighty-five million（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：数字判断题。文中提到非洲至少有1亿文盲，因此选项C正确。而选项D的数字在原文中虽然也出现了，但其单位是percent，因此不正确。(4).The author implies that this world plan is
40、 to _. A. be debated at an important international conference B. be realized in ten years C. be drawn up by Parisian experts D. be carried out in the major areas of illiteracy like Africa（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：推断题。上文介绍了扫盲计划后，接下来就说哪几个地区是文盲众多的主要地区，由此可推断这些地区要推行扫盲计划。因此D正确。（分数：9.00）(1).Now, a nations politi
41、cal influence depends on _. A. the strength of its military forces B. its ability to compete in industry C. economic markets D. both A and B（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.解析：听力原文 Nowadays, the standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. UNo longer will a na
42、tions political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces./U Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. UIts often said that without its military the Soviet Union would r
43、eally be a third-world nation./U The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world. America must recognize this new course of events. UOur success in shaping word events over the p
44、ast 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace./U Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership. The competitiveness of Americas industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society: government, industry and education.
