1、专业英语四级分类模拟321及答案解析 (总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：3，分数：70.00)It is commonly believed that in the United States school is where people get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The 1 between schooling and education implied by this
2、 remark is important. Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education has no 2 . It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the 3 learning that takes place in school and the whole universe of i
3、nformal leaning. The agents of education can 4 from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A(n). 5 conversation with stranger may lead a p
4、erson to discover how little is known of other religions. People are 6 in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school and one that should be an integral part of ones entire life. Schoolin
5、g, on the other hand, is a specific, 7 process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at 8 the same time, take assigned seats, use similar textbooks, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, wheth
6、er they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of governments, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the 9 being taught. For example, high-school students know that they are not likely to 10 out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what t
7、he newest filmmakers are experimenting with. Aformalized Baccurately Cfigure Dstretch Eengaged Fsimilarity Gsubject Hautomatic Ichance Jrange Kdistinction Ldivisional Mapproximately Nbounds Oformal（分数：20.00）The standard of living of any country means the average persons 11 of the goods and services
8、the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends on its capacity to produce wealth. Wealth in this 12 is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, and services such as 13 and entertainment. A countrys capacity to
9、produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources. Some regions of the world are well 14 with coal and minerals, and have fertile soil and a 15 climate; other regions possess none of them. Next to
10、 natural resources comes the ability to 16 them to use. China is perhaps as well-off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from 17 and external wars, and for this and other reasons, was unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and being free from
11、 foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well 18 .by nature but less well ordered. A countrys standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its
12、 19 , but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in food stuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her 20 manufactured goods to be traded abroad for th
13、e agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. Awealth Bsense Csupplied Dshare Esurplus Ftransport G1imits Hequipped Ifavorable Jturn
14、Kput Lcivil Mfavored Nborders Ointernal（分数：25.00）Considering how jazz is transcribed in Chinese (jueshi), you may be 21 into assuming that it is an aristocratic cultural form. Nothing could be further from the truth. It 22 among black Americans at the end of the 19th century, at a time when they occ
15、upied the very 3 of the American social heap. So how has something that was created by a once downtrodden and 23 minority acquired a central place in todays American culture? Mr. Darrell A Jenks, director of the American Center for Educational Exchange, and also a drummer in the jazz band Window, an
16、alyses the phenomenon for us here. Jazz: the 24 of America. Perhaps the essence of America is that you could never get two Americans to agree on just what that might be. After thinking about it for a while, we might, chuckle and say, Hmm, seems like being American is a bit more complicated than we t
17、hought. Certainly things like 25 , success (the American Dream ), innovation and tolerance stand out. But these things come together because of our ability to work with one another and find common purpose no matter how we might be 26 Some, like African-American writer Ralph Ellison, believe that jaz
18、z 27 the essence of America. For good reason, for in jazz all of the characteristics I mentioned above come together. The solos are a celebration of individual brilliance that cant take place without the group efforts of the rhythm section. Beyond that, though, jazz has a connection to the essence o
19、f America in a much more fundamental 28 . It is an expression of the African 29 of American culture, a musical medium that exemplifies the culture of the Africans whose culture came to dominate much of what is American. A. diverse B. distinctive C. bottom D. trapped E. soul F. way G. misled H. captu
20、res I. despised J. originated K. culture L. individualism M. roots N. top O. acquires（分数：25.00）专业英语四级分类模拟321答案解析 (总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：3，分数：70.00)It is commonly believed that in the United States school is where people get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children in
21、terrupt their education to go to school. The 1 between schooling and education implied by this remark is important. Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education has no 2 . It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a t
22、ractor. It includes both the 3 learning that takes place in school and the whole universe of informal leaning. The agents of education can 4 from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictabil
23、ity, education quite often produces surprises. A(n). 5 conversation with stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are 6 in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long be
24、fore the start of school and one that should be an integral part of ones entire life. Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, 7 process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at 8 the same time, take assigned seats, use
25、 similar textbooks, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of governments, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the 9 being taught. For example, high-school students know that they are not likel
26、y to 10 out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. Aformalized Baccurately Cfigure Dstretch Eengaged Fsimilarity Gsubject Hautomatic Ichance Jrange Kdistinction Ldivisional Mapproximately Nbounds Oformal（分数：20.00
27、）解析：Kdistinction解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处填入名词。可选范围有“figure(数字)，similarity(相似性)，subject(科目)，distinction(区别)，bounds(界限)”，根据空后的介词between可排除选项figure和subject，且上句中的nevertheless表明此段是在讨论schooling和education的区别，故选distinction。解析：Nbounds解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处填入名词。根据该段主题句叙述Education is much more open-ended“教育更加开放化”，以及后句It can t
28、ake place anywhere“教育无处不在”，可以判断此句Education has no -|_|-.在语义上承前启后，可推测该句意为“教育没有界限”。可锁定选项bounds。解析：Oformal解析 语义题。根据词性，此处填入形容词。该句仍在阐述education的含义，并讨论到它所涉及的范围，且该句宾语中的连接词and提示要填的词语与informal“非正式”是并列关系，符合语义逻辑的词只有formal“正式的”，故选formal。解析：Jrange解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处填入动词原形。能跟from.to.搭配的动词原形只有range，且range from sth.
29、 to sth.是习惯用法，意为“涉及某物到某物的内容”，故选range。解析：Ichance解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处填入形容词。注意单词chance既可做名词“机会”，也可为形容词“偶然的”，根据上句education quite often produces surprises“教育时常能给人惊喜”，以及下句中的conversation with stranger“与陌生人的一次谈话”，可判断此处强调的是非学校教育的偶然性，让人惊喜的地方。句意大致为“与陌生人一次偶然的谈话让你明白自己对他人的宗教几乎一无所知”，故选chance。解析：Eengaged解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，
30、此处填入动词过去分词。be engaged in sth./doing sth.“忙于某事/做某事”是常用搭配。People are engaged in education from infancy on，意为“人们自幼便一直在接受教育”。故选engaged。解析：Aformalized解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处填入形容词。应该从后面的定语从句来推断，whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next“即使环境不同，学校教育的常规模式也没有变化”，那么此处强调的应该是：学校教育是一成不变的固定化程序。故选fo
31、rmalized“定形的”，该词是动词formalize的过去分词形式，做形容词。解析：Mapproximately解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处填入副词。可选范围是“approximately(大约)，accurately(精确地)”，根据Throughout a country, children arrive at school at -|_|- the same time.“全国上下，孩子们 -|_|-同时上学”，根据常识判断可排除accurately，不可能所有的孩子都精确地在同一时间上学，应该是“某个大致时间段”，故最符合题意的是approximately。解析：Gsubject
32、解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处填入名词。该词做being taught的宾语，能与teach搭配的，且能切合该段的关键词schooling的最佳名词选项是subject“科目”，该句大意为“不管他们是学习字母，还是理解政府文件，都受到学校所学科目的限制”。故选subject。解析：Cfigure解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处填入动词原形。固定搭配 figure out在此句中意为“弄明白”，例如：I cant figure out what hes going to say.“我弄不明白他想说什么。”答案是figure。The standard of living of any cou
33、ntry means the average persons 11 of the goods and services the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends on its capacity to produce wealth. Wealth in this 12 is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, and se
34、rvices such as 13 and entertainment. A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources. Some regions of the world are well 14 with coal and minerals, and have fertile soil a
35、nd a 15 climate; other regions possess none of them. Next to natural resources comes the ability to 16 them to use. China is perhaps as well-off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from 17 and external wars, and for this and other reasons, was unable to develop her resources
36、. Sound and stable political conditions, and being free from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well 18 .by nature but less well ordered. A countrys standard of living does not only dep
37、end upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its 19 , but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in food stuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possi
38、ble for her 20 manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. Awealth Bsense Csupplied Ds
39、hare Esurplus Ftransport G1imits Hequipped Ifavorable Jturn Kput Lcivil Mfavored Nborders Ointernal（分数：25.00）解析：Dshare解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。根据下文“the country produces”可见是指每个人占有的国家资产，可选范围为“wealth, share”。wealth表示“财产(的占有)；财富”；share表示“(分享到的或贡献出的)一份”：a fair share of the food“应得的一份食物”。但wealth与下文的service不
40、能构成合理搭配，故选share。解析：Bsense解析 习惯搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。in this sense“从这层意义上说”。其他用法：in the strict literal/figurative sense of the expression“按照严格的字面/比喻意义来说”。解析：Ftransport解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。根据上下文可知此处为举例说明“service”，并且与“entertainment”构成并列。故选项中合适的唯有transport，表示“交通服务”。解析：Csupplied解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词，且能与wit
41、h构成搭配。不难看出此处文意为“具有自然资源”，可选范围为be equipped with和be supplied with。supply sth. (to sb.); supply sb. (with sth.)表示“供给或供应某人所需或可用的物品；向某人提供某物”：equip sb./sth. (with sth.)表示“配备(装备，仪器)”。此处表示资源供应，故选supplied。解析：Ifavorable解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。此处与上文“fertile soil”构成并列，应当选取一个褒义词修饰天气，故答案为favorable。解析：Jturn解析 上下文/词组
42、固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词。根据下文以中国为例，说明中国虽然资源丰富，但由于种种原因未能很好地开发资源，可见此处侧重将资源投入使用。可选范围为“put, turn”。turn (sb./sth.)(from A) to/into B“(使某人/某事物)由一种状况转为另一种状况”；put不构成sth. to sth.的结构，而应当是put sth. into use。故答案为turn。解析：Lcivil解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。此处空格与and external构成并列，同修饰war，故可推测此处表示国内外战争。“内战”表达方式为civil war，如Americ
43、an Civil war“美国内战”。解析：Mfavored解析 习惯搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。favored by nature/the God“受到上天眷顾的”，此处表示被自然赋予同样多资源的国家。解析：Nborders解析 上下文/词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。根据下文“Britains wealth in food stuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home.”以英国为例，指出英国国内的农产品不足
44、以满足其需求，“at home”一词提示此处空格表示国界线。boundary“界限；分界线”：The fence marks the boundary between my land and hers.“这道栅栏是我的地和她的地的分界线。”border“边界；边境；国界；国境”。此处指在国内，即国境线内，故选borders。解析：Esurplus解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。根据上下文可见用这些产品交易所缺少的农产品，可推测此处指多余产品，故用surplus。Considering how jazz is transcribed in Chinese (jueshi), you
45、 may be 21 into assuming that it is an aristocratic cultural form. Nothing could be further from the truth. It 22 among black Americans at the end of the 19th century, at a time when they occupied the very 3 of the American social heap. So how has something that was created by a once downtrodden and
46、 23 minority acquired a central place in todays American culture? Mr. Darrell A Jenks, director of the American Center for Educational Exchange, and also a drummer in the jazz band Window, analyses the phenomenon for us here. Jazz: the 24 of America. Perhaps the essence of America is that you could
47、never get two Americans to agree on just what that might be. After thinking about it for a while, we might, chuckle and say, Hmm, seems like being American is a bit more complicated than we thought. Certainly things like 25 , success (the American Dream ), innovation and tolerance stand out. But the
48、se things come together because of our ability to work with one another and find common purpose no matter how we might be 26 Some, like African-American writer Ralph Ellison, believe that jazz 27 the essence of America. For good reason, for in jazz all of the characteristics I mentioned above come together. The solos are a celebration of individual brilliance that cant take place without the group efforts of the rhythm section. Beyond that, though, jazz has a connection to the essence of America in a much more fundamental 28 . It is an
