1、专业英语四级-298及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Part of the funds will be used to _ that old library to its original splendor.（分数：2.00）A.recoverB.restoreC.replaceD.regain2.The boat _ over the river.（分数：2.00）A.slidB.slippedC.skiddedD.glided3.Sadly, while the academic indu
2、stry thrives, the practice of translation continues to _.（分数：2.00）A.stampB.stagnateC.stackD.stake4.After years of research, scholars have finally _ this anonymous play to Christopher Marlowe.（分数：2.00）A.subscribedB.describedC.prescribedD.ascribed5.The lack of rain _ the already serious shortage of fo
3、od.（分数：2.00）A.aggregatedB.aggravatedC.agitatedD.agonized6.I wish the speaker would _ himself to the subject.（分数：2.00）A.confineB.defineC.refineD.fine7.The heads of the two governments met to _ the treaty.（分数：2.00）A.rectifyB.ratifyC.certifyD.verify8.I had to _ myself from telling her what I thought of
4、 her.（分数：2.00）A.retainB.restrainC.restrictD.restore9.He slipped and the wine _ all over his coat, which was given as a present on his birthday party.（分数：2.00）A.spiltB.splitC.spunD.spoiled10.If you try to _ paying your taxes, you risk going to prison.（分数：2.00）A.persuadeB.dissuadeC.evadeD.pervade11.Th
5、e United States has always acted as a _ for people seeking fame and fortune.（分数：2.00）A.magnetB.magnitudeC.magnateD.magnificence12.The state of Michigan now requires sports fans to make an annual _ of $125 to $500.（分数：2.00）A.attributionB.distributionC.contributionD.tributary13.He get a 10% _ on every
6、 house he sells.（分数：2.00）A.wageB.commisionC.compensationD.revenue14.The storm sweeping over SW China is sure to lead to _ of vegetables in the following days.（分数：2.00）A.validityB.varietyC.scarcityD.rarity15.In summer, local people stroll along the tree-lined _ through the park every night.（分数：2.00）A
7、.alliesB.alleysC.alloysD.alliances16.Many Americans do not understand why there is so much international criticism of the US policy on _ change.（分数：2.00）A.airB.atmosphereC.climateD.weather17.The judge directed the jury to return a _ of guilty.（分数：2.00）A.judgmentB.verdictC.sentenceD.charge18.When he
8、was a student, his father gave him a monthly _ of 200.（分数：2.00）A.allowanceB.salaryC.wageD.currency19.Only VIPs have the _ of using the private beach.（分数：2.00）A.privilegeB.allowanceC.occasionD.possibility20.Since Im not a lawyer, its hard for me to understand legal _.（分数：2.00）A.dialectB.accentC.slang
9、D.jargon21.The fish was grilled and served _, which means the chef didnt add special sauces.（分数：2.00）A.cleanB.naturalC.plainD.ordinary22.Its hard to give a (n) _ opinion about your own children.（分数：2.00）A.objectiveB.objectionableC.subjectiveD.adjective23.She has a _ knowledge of French, but she cant
10、 resist showing off in public.（分数：2.00）A.superciliousB.superficialC.superfluousD.superior24.He had a _ look in his eyes, which meant that he had come up with a good plan.（分数：2.00）A.trickyB.keenC.shrewdD.sly25.His bedroom is _ only through a secret back entrance.（分数：2.00）A.accessibleB.obtainableC.att
11、ainableD.achievable26.There is a _ difference in meaning between the words liberty and freedom.（分数：2.00）A.gentleB.humbleC.subtleD.weak27.One of the wrong notions about science is that many scientific discoveries have come about _.（分数：2.00）A.artificiallyB.acceptablyC.accidentallyD.accessibly28.Its an
12、 _ difficult problem, which even many professionals cannot work out.（分数：2.00）A.exceedinglyB.excessivelyC.exclusivelyD.extensively29.The airlines charge half-price for the students. _, Ive already bought my ticket to New York.（分数：2.00）A.AccidentallyB.IncidentallyC.OccasionallyD.Naturally30.Your usual
13、 teacher has lost his voice and _ I am taking his place today.（分数：2.00）A.moreoverB.neverthelessC.accordinglyD.furthermore31.The clothing has gone right _ and they havent sold a single piece of it for months.（分数：2.00）A.out of patternB.out of customC.out of dateD.out of age32.No one appreciated his wo
14、rk during his lifetime, but _ it is clear that he was a great artist.（分数：2.00）A.in personB.in the aftermathC.in retrospectD.in the future33.Dont be _ by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.（分数：2.00）A.taken upB.taken inC.taken overD.taken off34.He was facing charges on forgery in a co
15、urt of law but he hired a good lawyer to _.（分数：2.00）A.get byB.get upC.get offD.get through35.After youve signed the contract, it will be impossible to _.（分数：2.00）A.back awayB.back offC.back upD.back out36.I could never lie to her because I know shed see _ me straight away.（分数：2.00）A.throughB.offC.to
16、D.about37.It is quite rude to _ other people behind their backs.（分数：2.00）A.do overB.do upC.do downD.do with38.The plan fell _ for it proved to be too costly.（分数：2.00）A.offB.behindC.downD.out39.A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought _ by the destruction of the rainforests.（分数：2.00）A.a
17、boutB.backC.upD.forward40.Many economists say the United States will _ economic recession in at least one year.（分数：2.00）A.pull downB.pull awayC.pull outD.pull out of41.She returned from lunch in a happier flame of _.（分数：2.00）A.mindB.hopeC.ideaD.opinion42.Although the company still has some difficult
18、ies, the directors report ended on an optimistic（分数：2.00）A.noteB.notionC.normD.notice43.He could always find _ with something, either in my writing or in my personality.（分数：2.00）A.mistakeB.errorC.faultD.slip44.When the fire broke out, almost all the people lost their _ and ran in all directions.（分数：
19、2.00）A.mindsB.headsC.heartsD.brains45.The companys future is contingent _ the outcome of the trial.（分数：2.00）A.inB.onC.toD.out46.Reputable charities spend the lions _ of donations on aid and a tiny fraction on administration.（分数：2.00）A.partB.sectionC.shareD.portion47.I dont know any French people _ y
20、ou.（分数：2.00）A.more thanB.rather thanC.less thanD.other than48.Eat less and exercise more if you want to live to a _ old age.（分数：2.00）A.ripeB.matureC.perfectD.far49.Instead of becoming angry, he sat quietly at his desk, as _ as a judge.（分数：2.00）A.calmB.soberC.peacefulD.quiet50.A misbehaving minister
21、is regarded as a governments Achilles _ and is expected to resign.（分数：2.00）A.legB.heelC.kneeD.ankle专业英语四级-298答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Part of the funds will be used to _ that old library to its original splendor.（分数：2.00）A.recoverB.restoreC.replaceD.regain解析：
22、解析 动词形似义近辨析。restore意为“修复(建筑物、家具和艺术品等)”，强调将事物修复到原来的状态，如：The oil painting was damaged in the flood and had to be painstakingly restored.这张油画在洪水中损坏了，得费很大力气修复。 recover强调恢复到正常状态(如健康、神志和繁荣等)；replace意为“将(某物)放回原处”；regain表示“重新获得(失去之事物)”。2.The boat _ over the river.（分数：2.00）A.slidB.slippedC.skiddedD.glided解析：
23、解析 动词形似义近辨析。glide意为“滑行，滑动”，如鸟在天空中滑翔，如：The ship glided across the bay.那船平稳地驶过了海湾。slide意为“(在冰、滑梯、跑道等上)滑行，滑动”，与光滑的面接触；而slip表示“失足，滑倒”，突然的或短暂的滑动，常指由于不小心、路滑等而滑倒；skid则表示“(车辆或车轮等行进时因路面滑，尤其是在结冰的道路上行驶有时会出现车轮不转动而车体向一侧)打滑，滑向一侧”，如高速行驶的汽车在急转弯时，车身向一侧的滑动。3.Sadly, while the academic industry thrives, the practice of
24、 translation continues to _.（分数：2.00）A.stampB.stagnateC.stackD.stake解析：解析 动词形似义异辨析。stagnate意为“停滞，不发展”，while一词具有转折含义，thrive(欣欣向荣，兴旺)和stagnate正好形成反义，如：The economy stagnated as a result of these tax measures.这些税收办法造成了经济发展停顿。 stamp表示“跺脚，用力踩”；stack意为“堆起，堆放”；stake表示“把(金钱)押下打赌”。4.After years of research, s
25、cholars have finally _ this anonymous play to Christopher Marlowe.（分数：2.00）A.subscribedB.describedC.prescribedD.ascribed解析：解析 动词形似义异辨析。ascribe sth. to sb.意为“认为是写的(或做的)”，如：This song is often ascribed to Bach.这首歌曲常被说成是巴赫创作的。另外，ascribe还可以用于词组：ascribe sth. to sth.表示“把归因于”，相当于学生经常用的词组“attribute.to.”，如：He
26、 ascribed his success to his luck.他把他的成功归之于运气。 subscribe to意为“订阅(杂志，报纸，书刊等)”，2008年英语专业四级NOTE-WRITING的题目中出现过此词组；describe表示“描述，描绘”；prescribe sb. sth.或prescribe sth. to sb.意为“给开药方，开处方”。5.The lack of rain _ the already serious shortage of food.（分数：2.00）A.aggregatedB.aggravatedC.agitatedD.agonized解析：解析 动
27、词形似义异辨析。aggravate意为“使加重(加剧，恶化，更坏)”，相当于exacerbate，如：Smoking aggravates a cold.抽烟使感冒加重。 aggregate表示“聚集成群”；agitate意为“使人焦虑不安”；agonize则表示“(在考虑一件事或做出一项决定前)焦虑，忧愁，苦恼”。6.I wish the speaker would _ himself to the subject.（分数：2.00）A.confineB.defineC.refineD.fine解析：解析 动词形似义异辨析。confine sb. to sth.意为“把局限于，把限制于”，如
28、：He confined himself to two cigarettes every day.他限制自己一天抽2支烟。 define表示“给(词或概念)下定义”；refine意为“提炼，精炼”，如：Oil has to be refined before it can be used.石油在使用前必须提炼；fine意为“处某人以罚款”，fine sb. for sth./doing sth.。7.The heads of the two governments met to _ the treaty.（分数：2.00）A.rectifyB.ratifyC.certifyD.verify解析
29、：解析 动词形似义异辨析。这四个单词词形相近，非常容易混淆。考生需注意四个词的不同意思。 ratify是一个正式的词，表示“批准(协定等)，签署批准(书面协议)”，如：Over 100 countries ratified all agreement to ban the use of nuclear weapons. 100多个国家批准了一项禁止使用核武器的协议。rectify意为“改正”，一般指改正错误，如：rectify a mistake in a bill纠正账单上的错误；certify表示“证明无误(真实)”；verify意为“证实，核实，确认”。8.I had to _ myse
30、lf from telling her what I thought of her.（分数：2.00）A.retainB.restrainC.restrictD.restore解析：解析 动词形似义异辨析。restrain sb. from sth./doing sth.意为“克制，抑制”，如：The police restrained the crowd from rushing on to the pitch.警方阻止人群涌人足球场。 retain在词形上较易与restrain混淆，但retain解释为“保留，保持”；restrict一般和介词to搭配，如：restrict sb. to
31、sth.，表示“限制，约束”的意思；restore则表示“恢复，修复”。9.He slipped and the wine _ all over his coat, which was given as a present on his birthday party.（分数：2.00）A.spiltB.splitC.spunD.spoiled解析：解析 动词形似义异辨析。spilt是spill的过去式，表示“(由于不小心使液体)溢出，泼出，溅出”的意思，如：Make sure the water doesnt spill over the floor.千万别让水洒到地板上。 split是spl
32、it的过去式，意为“分开，裂开”；spun则是spin的过去式，指“快速旋转”；spoil有“损坏，破坏，溺爱，娇惯”的意思。10.If you try to _ paying your taxes, you risk going to prison.（分数：2.00）A.persuadeB.dissuadeC.evadeD.pervade解析：解析 动词形似义异辨析。四个动词都以“ade”结尾，容易使学生混淆意思。evade意为“逃避，回避”，通常是个贬义词，如：With great skill they evade the problem altogether.他们非常巧妙地回避了这个问题
33、。persuade和dissuade都解释为“说服，劝服”，而pervade表示“(味道，思想，感情等)蔓延，渗透”，如：The smell of cooking pervaded the house.满屋都是烹调的气味。11.The United States has always acted as a _ for people seeking fame and fortune.（分数：2.00）A.magnetB.magnitudeC.magnateD.magnificence解析：解析 名词形似义异辨析。magnet表示“有强大吸引力的人或物”，通常与介词for连用，如：This dis
34、co is a magnet for young people.这家迪斯科舞厅经常吸引大批年轻的顾客。 magnitude“(通常指大的)量，巨大，重要性”；magnate指“有财有势的地主或工业家”，而magnificence意为“壮丽，伟大，华丽”。12.The state of Michigan now requires sports fans to make an annual _ of $125 to $500.（分数：2.00）A.attributionB.distributionC.contributionD.tributary解析：解析 名同形似义异辨析。contributio
35、n意为“(对某种事业或慈善团体的)捐款”，符合句意。 attribution表示“将某事物归因于某人(某事物)”，请考生注意attribution的动词，attribute sth. to sb./sth.；distribution意为“分配，分送，分发”；tributary表示“(河流的)支流”。13.He get a 10% _ on every house he sells.（分数：2.00）A.wageB.commisionC.compensationD.revenue解析：解析 名词形异义异辨析。commision表示“(委托业务的)佣金，回扣”，如：She gets a commi
36、ssion of 20% on all the sales she makes.她从做成的每笔生意中得到20%的佣金。 wage意为“工资，工钱，尤指按小时、天或周结算付给体力劳动者的工资”，通常以wages形式出现；compensation表示“补偿，赔偿，弥补”，后一般接for；revenue指“(国家、公共团体的)岁入，税收”。14.The storm sweeping over SW China is sure to lead to _ of vegetables in the following days.（分数：2.00）A.validityB.varietyC.scarcityD
37、.rarity解析：解析 名词形似义异辨析。scarcity“不足，缺乏”。通常和介词of搭配，如：The scarcity of food forced prices up.食物短缺促使价格上涨。validity意为“有效，有根据”，同样也和介词of搭配。variety为“品种，种类”，也可以与介词of搭配。而rarity则是“稀罕，罕见”的意思。15.In summer, local people stroll along the tree-lined _ through the park every night.（分数：2.00）A.alliesB.alleysC.alloysD.all
38、iances解析：解析 名同形似义异辨析。这四个词词形非常相近，考生容易混淆，故需注意区分。alley指“(花园，公园内两边有树或灌木的)小径”。ally意为“盟国，盟友”，alloy表示“合金”的意思；alliance则是“(国家、团体、家族等之间的)联盟，同盟”。16.Many Americans do not understand why there is so much international criticism of the US policy on _ change.（分数：2.00）A.airB.atmosphereC.climateD.weather解析：解析 名词形异义近
39、辨析。climate表示“气候”，如：In cold climates, cows may have to be kept indoors all winter.在气候寒冷地区，整个冬季母牛必须留在室内。 air是“空气”的意思；atmosphere意为“气氛，情绪”；weather表示“天气”。显然C选项符合句意。17.The judge directed the jury to return a _ of guilty.（分数：2.00）A.judgmentB.verdictC.sentenceD.charge解析：解析 名词形异义近辨析。verdict通常指“(法庭上陪审团做出的)裁决，
40、裁定”。一般来说，先由陪审团做出全体一致的裁决verdict，再由法官来判决sentence。 judgment则表示“法官或法庭的审判，判决，裁判”；sentence,意为“宣判，判决，判刑(指法庭的判决，尤其指对已判决有罪的人加以处罚的法院的判罚决定)，如：When the jury has given its verdict, the judge will pass/pronounce sentence on him.陪审团做出裁定之后，法官便宣布对他的判决；charge表示“控告，指控(指提出对不法行为的指控)”。18.When he was a student, his father
41、 gave him a monthly _ of 200.（分数：2.00）A.allowanceB.salaryC.wageD.currency解析：解析 名词形异义近辨析。allowance意为“定时供给之物(尤指钱)，津贴，补助”。 salary指“(通常按月发的)薪水”，而wage表示“(通常指按周的)工资”，且通常作复数；currency意为“货币，通货”。19.Only VIPs have the _ of using the private beach.（分数：2.00）A.privilegeB.allowanceC.occasionD.possibility解析：解析 名词形异
42、义异辨析。privilege意为“(特定个人或阶层的)特权，特别待遇”，如：In countries where there are still not many schools, education is a privilege.在学校还不多的国家里，受教育是一种特权。allowance表示“允许，容忍”；occasion意为“机会，时机”，一般后接介词for；possibility意为“可能性”，虽然之后也搭配介词of，但是与句意不符。20.Since Im not a lawyer, its hard for me to understand legal _.（分数：2.00）A.dia
43、lectB.accentC.slangD.jargon解析：解析 名词形异义近辨析。jargon表示“行话，术语”，指专家所使用的术语或特定行业的行话，一般人不一定能理解。(同一职业集团或社会集团所使用的在一般外人听来晦涩难懂的)行话，如：scientific jargon科学界行话。dialect表示“方言”；accent；意为“口音”；slang则是“俚语”，指某个社会群体使用的不符合常规语言的词语。21.The fish was grilled and served _, which means the chef didnt add special sauces.（分数：2.00）A.c
44、leanB.naturalC.plainD.ordinary解析：解析 形容词形异义异辨析。plain指食物“素净的，清淡的，不掺杂的”，如：good plain food原汁原味的食物，plain yoghurt纯酸奶，plain chocolate纯巧克力。 clean表示“干净的，整洁的”；natural意为“天然的，自然的”；ordinary则表示“平常的，普遍的”，只有C选项的plain指食物不加任何东西，强调食物的原汁原味。22.Its hard to give a (n) _ opinion about your own children.（分数：2.00）A.objectiveB.objectionableC.subjectiveD.adjective解析：解析 形容词形似义异辨析。objective意为“客观的，公正的，无偏见的”，如：an objective analysis客观的分析。 objectionable和A选项objective在词形上很相近，但是意思迥然不同。objectionable意为“令人不快的，讨厌的”；subjective是objective的反义词，表示“主观的”
