1、专业英语四级-211及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：30.00)A. barely B. genuine C. rewarded D. doubt E. lonely F. poverty G. persuade H. prospects I. uncertainty J. impossibly K. encourage L. awarded M. alone N. wealth O. cold Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always 1 su
2、ch people, but I also explain that theres a big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases, these individuals are dreaming of 2 and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. Youve got to want to write, I say to them, not want to be a writer. The reality is that writing is a 3
3、 , private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune, there are thousands more whose longing is never 4 . When I left a 20-year career in the US, Coast Guard to become a free lance writer, I had no 5 at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment b
4、uilding. It didnt even matter that it was 6 and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a 7 writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to 8 myself. It was so hard to sell a story that 9 made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to w
5、rite. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keep putting my dream to the testeven though it meant living with 10 and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learns to live there.（分数：30.00）二、PART
6、 LANGUAGE USAG(总题数：20，分数：70.00)1.They told me that Professor Smith _ here for twenty years by this winter.（分数：3.50）A.would have been teachingB.had been teachingC.had taughtD.will have taught2.Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, _ they have no schedules to keep.（分数：3.50）A.ev
7、en thoughB.forC.as ifD.since3.It is high time that such practices _.（分数：3.50）A.are endedB.be endedC.were endedD.must be ended4._ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.（分数：3.50）A.But forB.In case ofC.In spite ofD.Because of5._ at in this way, the present economic situation do
8、esnt seem so gloomy.（分数：3.50）A.LookingB.LookedC.Having lookedD.To look6.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder _ out and three men climbing down it.（分数：3.50）A.throwingB.being thrownC.having thrownD.having been thrown7.He resented _ to wait.
9、He expected the minister _ him at once.（分数：3.50）A.to be asked, to seeB.being asked, to seeC.to be asked, seeingD.being asked, seeing8.It was not until midnight _ the snowcapped peak.（分数：3.50）A.that they sightedB.that they did not sightC.did they sightD.had they sighted9.This company has now introduc
10、ed a policy _ pay rises are related to performance at work.（分数：3.50）A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.what10._, he would not have recovered so quickly.（分数：3.50）A.Hadnt he been taken good care ofB.Had he not been taken good care ofC.Had not he been taken good care ofD.Had he been not taken good care of11.The
11、film provides a deep _ into a wide range of human qualities and feelings.（分数：3.50）A.insightB.imaginationC.fancyD.outlook12.The most successful post-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and _ them to another area of life.（分数：3.50）A.applyB.utilizeC
12、.employD.exert13.Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to _ honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones.（分数：3.50）A.dissolveB.disguiseC.discountD.distinguish14.In Africa, educational costs are very low for those who are _ enough to get into universities.（分数：3.50）
13、A.ambitiousB.fortunateC.aggressiveD.substantial15.Everyone should be _ to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.（分数：3.50）A.attributedB.entitledC.identifiedD.justified16.A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of _.（分数：3.50）A.precautionB.crisi
14、sC.emergencyD.urgency17.She _ her trip to New York because she was ill.（分数：3.50）A.called offB.closed downC.put upD.went off18._ the help of their group, we would not have succeeded in the investigation.（分数：3.50）A.BesidesB.Regardless ofC.But forD.Despite19.The doctor had almost lost hope at one point
15、, but the patient finally _.（分数：3.50）A.pulled outB.pulled throughC.pulled upD.pulled over20.Peoples expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their _ state does.（分数：3.50）A.primitiveB.modemC.currentD.initial专业英语四级-211答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE
16、(总题数：1，分数：30.00)A. barely B. genuine C. rewarded D. doubt E. lonely F. poverty G. persuade H. prospects I. uncertainty J. impossibly K. encourage L. awarded M. alone N. wealth O. cold Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always 1 such people, but I also explain that theres a big d
17、ifference between being a writer and writing. In most cases, these individuals are dreaming of 2 and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. Youve got to want to write, I say to them, not want to be a writer. The reality is that writing is a 3 , private and poor-paying affair. For every writ
18、er kissed by fortune, there are thousands more whose longing is never 4 . When I left a 20-year career in the US, Coast Guard to become a free lance writer, I had no 5 at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was 6 and h
19、ad no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a 7 writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to 8 myself. It was so hard to sell a story that 9 made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt g
20、oing to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keep putting my dream to the testeven though it meant living with 10 and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learns to live there.（分数：30.00）解析：K。解析 空格所在的句子缺少谓语动词，由后一句的一般进行时态，可知此处应填动词的原形。备选项有：doub
21、t“怀疑”；persuade“说服”；encourage“鼓励”。前句提及很多年轻人告诉我他们想成为作家。对于年轻人的这种渴望，我应该是支持和鼓励的。结合语境可知，encourage符合句意。故答案为K。解析：N。解析 由空格后的fame可知，此处应填名词，与fame并列。备选项有：prospects“前途”和wealth“财富”，但由dreaming of与第二段中的poor-paying可推知，那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱和名誉，而不是前途，故排除prospects而选wealth。故答案为N。解析：E。解析 由“a+空格单词+private and pool-paying affair”
22、可知，此处应填形容词，与private、poor-paying一起修饰affair。空格处的形容词应与private“私人的”、poor-paying“收入低的”一样，都是表示有关写作的负面性质的。符合语境的备选项有lonely和alone，但能修饰affair。的只有lonely，alone表示“孤独的”时候，通常做表语，故排除alone，答案为E。解析：C。解析 空格所在句子whose longing is never -|_|-做more (writers)的后置定语，其中空格单词与名词：longing的逻辑关系为被动，故此处应填动词的被动形式。可选项有rewarded和awarded，
23、前者表示“(为所希望的举动得到的)回报”，后者做动词时表示“颁发，授予”，故只有rewarded符合题意，表示“他们的渴望从来没有得到满足”的意思。故答案为C。解析：H。解析 空格单词在句中做have的宾语。此处应填入名词。语境：当我辞别在美国海岸警卫队20年的工作而成为一个自由撰稿人时，没有任何 -|_|-可言。备选项有：prospects“前途”；doubt“疑惑”；poverty“贫穷”；prospects“前途”；uncertainty“不确定”，结合语境，prospects最合适。故答案为H。解析：O。解析 it指代的是apartment building，由It was -|_|-
24、可知，此处应填入形容词，描述公寓的性质。从had no bathroom可知这个公寓条件很差，选项中只有cold能说明公寓的条件差，故答案为O。解析：B。解析 由“like+a+空格单词+writer”可知，此处应填入形容词。句意为：我马上买了一台旧的手动打字机，感觉自己就好像是一个 -|_|-的作家。由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知，此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家，选项中只有genuine“真正的”符合题意。故答案为B。解析：D。解析 由空格前的to可知，此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt、persuade、encourage，并由前文的stil
25、l hadnt gotten a break(在写作上还没有任何进展)，可知此处应理解为他开始怀疑自己的选择是否正确，doubt“怀疑”符合文意。故答案为D。解析：A。解析 that从句结构完整，后面有made，故此处应填副词。可选项有barely“仅仅，勉强”和impossibly“不可能地”。that引导的从句是对story的解释，再由hard一词可推知，此处应填的副词表达肯定的意思，所以barely“仅仅，刚刚”符合句意。故答案为A。解析：I。解析 由空格后的and可知，此处应填名词。由fear of failure可知，所填词应表示不好的境遇，可选项有poverty和uncertain
26、ty。又由fear可推知，此处强调的是生活的变化无常，而不是生活的贫困，故uncertainty“不确定”符合语境。故答案为I。二、PART LANGUAGE USAG(总题数：20，分数：70.00)1.They told me that Professor Smith _ here for twenty years by this winter.（分数：3.50）A.would have been teachingB.had been teachingC.had taughtD.will have taught解析：解析 本题考查时态。介词by与时间状语连用，常与完成时连用，后接表示将来的
27、时间时，用将来完成时，故首先排除B、C。句中的told提示，此处的this winter应该是表示过去的将来，故答案为A。此处用的是将来完成进行时，强调动作的持续。2.Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, _ they have no schedules to keep.（分数：3.50）A.even thoughB.forC.as ifD.since解析：解析 本题考查让步状语从句。从句意可知，主从句之间意思相矛盾，可见空格处填一个连词能表达转折意思即可，even though“即使”引导让步状语从句，符合
28、句子的逻辑关系。as if引导方式状语从句，for和since引导原因状语从句，和句子的逻辑关系不符。3.It is high time that such practices _.（分数：3.50）A.are endedB.be endedC.were endedD.must be ended解析：解析 本题考查虚拟语气。It is high/about that.结构中，引导的从句应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式，表示“该是的时候了”。故答案为C。4._ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.（分数：3
29、.50）A.But forB.In case ofC.In spite ofD.Because of解析：解析 本题考查虚拟条件引导词。“but for+名词词组”表示“要不是”常隐含虚拟语气，意思相对于if引导的条件从句。but for the storm=if it had not been for the storm。故答案为A。5._ at in this way, the present economic situation doesnt seem so gloomy.（分数：3.50）A.LookingB.LookedC.Having lookedD.To look解析：解析 本题
30、考查分词做状语。因为主句的主语是分词的逻辑宾语，因此使用过去分词。如果主句的主语是分词的逻辑主语，则使用现在分词。故答案为B。6.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder _ out and three men climbing down it.（分数：3.50）A.throwingB.being thrownC.having thrownD.having been thrown解析：解析 本题考查分词短语做宾补。所填的成分做a rope l
31、adder的宾语补足语。由于绳梯是被抛出的，因此应当用被动形式。因此选项A和C可排除。根据上下文可知，绳子的抛出和三个人的爬下是几乎同时发生的，所以应当用现在时，而不用完成时。故答案为B。7.He resented _ to wait. He expected the minister _ him at once.（分数：3.50）A.to be asked, to seeB.being asked, to seeC.to be asked, seeingD.being asked, seeing解析：解析 本题考查非谓语动词做宾语。resent后面一般接动名词，而expect常接不定式做宾语
32、，故答案为B。8.It was not until midnight _ the snowcapped peak.（分数：3.50）A.that they sightedB.that they did not sightC.did they sightD.had they sighted解析：解析 本题考查not.until句型的强调句。分析句意和结构可知，本句为对not until的句型的强调句，从句部分不倒装。又因为否定词已经提到前面，所以后面不应再有否定，故答案为A。注意不要与not until.提到句首时引导倒装的情况混淆。9.This company has now introduc
33、ed a policy _ pay rises are related to performance at work.（分数：3.50）A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.what解析：解析 本题考查定语从句。分析句意和结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰policy，而whether和what不能引导定语从句，故先排除。which引导定语从句在从句中充当一定的名词性的成分，而从句中不缺少主语或宾语成分；where相当于in which，在定语从句中做状语。故答案为B。10._, he would not have recovered so quickly.（分数：3.50）A.H
34、adnt he been taken good care ofB.Had he not been taken good care ofC.Had not he been taken good care ofD.Had he been not taken good care of解析：解析 本题考查虚拟条件句的倒装。虚拟条件句可将if省略，将had，should或were提到句首构成倒装，not不需前移。故答案为B。11.The film provides a deep _ into a wide range of human qualities and feelings.（分数：3.50）A.
35、insightB.imaginationC.fancyD.outlook解析：解析 本题考查近义异形词的辨析。a deep insight into sth. 表不“对某事物的深刻洞察力”。Bimagination(想象力)、Cfancy(幻想力)、Doutlook(见解)均不符合此处语义和搭配要求。故答案为A。12.The most successful post-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and _ them to another ar
36、ea of life.（分数：3.50）A.applyB.utilizeC.employD.exert解析：解析 本题考查近义异形词的辨析。apply.to.表示“将运用在”的意思，其他动词均不能与介词to连接。强干扰项exert(运用)，通常的搭配形式是exert oneself，表示“竭尽全力”。utilize(利用)、employ(雇用，利用)均不符合此处搭配要求。故答案为A。13.Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to _ honest applicants from the growing numb
37、er of dishonest ones.（分数：3.50）A.dissolveB.disguiseC.discountD.distinguish解析：解析 本题考查异义近形词的辨析。distinguish.from.为固定短语，表示“将与分辨开来”。dissolve(溶解)通常的搭配形式是dissolve sth. in sth. ，表示“将某物溶于某物”；disguise(伪装)通常的搭配形式是disguise sth. as sth. ，表示“将伪装成”。discount(打折，忽视)不符合题意。故答案为D。14.In Africa, educational costs are very
38、 low for those who are _ enough to get into universities.（分数：3.50）A.ambitiousB.fortunateC.aggressiveD.substantial解析：解析 本题考查异义异形词的辨析。从语境的顺承关系来看，在非洲进入大学学习的费用很低，因此能去学习的人是幸运的(fortunate)，故答案为B。Aambitious(有抱负的)、Caggressive(有进取心的)、Dsubstantial(可观的，实质的)均不符合题意。15.Everyone should be _ to a decent standard of
39、living and an opportunity to be educated.（分数：3.50）A.attributedB.entitledC.identifiedD.justified解析：解析 本题考查异义近形词的辨析。a decent standard of living(像样的生活水准)、an opportunity to be educated(受教育的机会)都属于权利。be entitled to do sth. 意为“被赋予做某事的权利”。强干扰项Aattributed也和to搭配，但表示“归因于，归属于”的意思，且没有be attributed to结构。Cidentifi
40、ed(认同)、Djustified(证明为正当的)均不符合此处语义和搭配要求。故答案为B。16.A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of _.（分数：3.50）A.precautionB.crisisC.emergencyD.urgency解析：解析 本题考查近义异形词的辨析。as引导原因状语从句，从原因deal with some kind of emergency(处理一些紧急事件)推出结果have priority(优先权)。emergency表示“紧急的、突发性情况或事件”符
41、合句意。而crisis表示“(政治、经济、能源)危机”；urgency(急迫，紧迫)不用来指具体的突发性事件，precaution表示“预防，防备”，均不符合题意。故答案为C。17.She _ her trip to New York because she was ill.（分数：3.50）A.called offB.closed downC.put upD.went off解析：解析 本题考查固定短语。从结果because she was ill推出原因she call off her trip(取消旅行)。强干扰项went off意为“中断，停止”时一般指机器或设备停止运转。closed
42、 down(关闭)和put up(张贴，提出)也不符合题意。故答案为A。18._ the help of their group, we would not have succeeded in the investigation.（分数：3.50）A.BesidesB.Regardless ofC.But forD.Despite解析：解析 本题考查固定短语。“but for+名词词组”表示“要不是”，常隐含虚拟语气，意思相对于if引导的条件从句。but for the help.=if it had not been for the help.。ABesides(除了)、BRegardles
43、s of(无论如何)、DDespite(尽管)均不符合题意。故答案为C。19.The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally _.（分数：3.50）A.pulled outB.pulled throughC.pulled upD.pulled over解析：解析 本题考查固定短语。转折连词but连接了两个意思相反的分句。The doctor和the patient相呼应，pull through(恢复健康)与lost hope(失去信心)意思形成对比，身体恢复健康应用pull through。Apull
44、ed out(拔出、摆脱困境)、Cpulled up(停下)、Dpulled over(把车驶向路边)均不符合题意。故答案为B。20.Peoples expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their _ state does.（分数：3.50）A.primitiveB.modemC.currentD.initial解析：解析 本题考查近义异形词的辨析。more.than.引导了一个比较状语从句，与future构成语义上和结构上对比的是current state(现状)，current表示“时下的，当前的”。primitive(原始的)、modem(现代的)、initial(开始的，最初的)均不符合题意。故答案为C。
