1、专业英语四级-97及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 3 , but not just in ways that emphasize competit
2、ion. 4 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 5 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 6 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is alre
3、ady filled with so much competition that it would be 7 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 8 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 9 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 10 opportunities for
4、 leadership, as well as for practice in successful 11 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 12 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 13 visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens h
5、ave 14 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 15 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 16 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 17 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 18 , they can help
6、students acquire a sense of commitment by 19 for roles that are within their 20 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.（分数：30.00）A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.adviceA.strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhanceA.careB.nutritionC.exerciseD.leisureA.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.BecauseA.as
7、sistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.toleranceA.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassedA.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wiseA.in effectB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in a senseA.displayingB.describingC.creatingD.exchangingA.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multipleA.groupB.individualC.personnelD.corporationA.consentB.insu
8、ranceC.admissionD.securityA.particularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarelyA.similarB.longC.differentD.shortA.if onlyB.now thatC.so thatD.even ifA.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.somethingA.offB.downC.outD.aloneA.On the contraryB.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On the other handA.makingB.standingC.planningD.t
9、alkingA.capabilitiesB.responsibilitiesC.proficiencyD.efficiencyMany students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 21 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboar
10、d, 22 reading material and giving out 23 . The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 24 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture 25 notes which do not catch the main points and 26 become hard even for the 27 to understand. Most institutions provide
11、 courses which 28 new students to develop the skills they need to be 29 listeners and note-takers. 30 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skill guides which 31 learners to practice these skills 32 . In all cases it is important to 33 the problem 34 actually starting your studies. It i
12、s important to 35 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 36 in college study. One way of 37 these difficulties is to attend language and study-skill classes which most institutions provide throughout the 38 year. Another basic 39 is to find a study partner 40 it is possi
13、ble to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.（分数：30.00）A.extendingB.illustratingC.performingD.conductingA.attributingB.contributingC.distributingD.explainingA.assignmentsB.informationC.contentD.definitionA.suspectsB.understandsC.wondersD.convincesA.withoutB.withC.onD.exceptA.what
14、B.thoseC.asD.whichA.teachersB.classmatesC.partnersD.studentsA.preventB.requireC.assistD.forbidA.effectiveB.passiveC.relativeD.expressiveA.BecauseB.ThoughC.WhetherD.IfA.enableB.stimulateC.advocateD.preventA.independentlyB.repeatedlyC.logicallyD.generallyA.evaluateB.acquaintC.tackleD.formulateA.before
15、B.afterC.whileD.forA.predictB.acknowledgeC.argueD.ignoreA.to requireB.requiredC.requiringD.are requiredA.preventingB.withstandingC.sustainingD.overcomingA.averageB.ordinaryC.normalD.academicA.statementB.strategyC.situationD.suggestionA.in thatB.for whichC.with whomD.such asThe translator must have a
16、n excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full 41 in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual 42 and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization. This is, as it were, his professional e
17、quipment. 43 this, it is desirable that he should have an 44 mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work 45 his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to 46 others 47 his own knowledge not
18、 always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding 48 with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, 49 , for an indust
19、rial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to 50 rapidly from one source language to another, 51 from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently 52 of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translators work, i.e. the processing of the written wo
20、rd, it is, strictly speaking, 53 that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage 54 a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can 55 with. It is, 56 , desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciati
21、on of his source languages even if this is restricted to 57 how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same 58 to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not 59 . There are many other skills and 60 that are desirable in a translator.（分数：40.
22、00）A.facilityB.familiarityC.facultyD.findingA.applicationB.useC.utilityD.usageA.More thanB.Except forC.Because ofD.In addition toA.acquisiveB.requisiteC.inquiringD.acquiringA.ofB.byC.forD.onA.consultB.askC.questionD.adviseA.shouldB.whenC.becauseD.ifA.familiarityB.acquaintanceC.knowledgeD.skillA.let
23、us sayB.to let us sayC.let us sayingD.to let us sayingA.changeB.transformC.turnD.switchA.as well asB.as good asC.as quickly asD.as fluently asA.lackedB.requiredC.facedD.confrontedA.essentialB.unnecessaryC.advantageousD.uselessA.overB.despiteC.rather thanD.insteadA.dealB.concernC.workD.do awayA.howev
24、erB.accordinglyC.consequentlyD.thusA.knowingB.having knownC.knowD.have knownA.refersB.comesC.appliesD.amountsA.matterB.mindC.harmD.workA.characteristicsB.qualitiesC.distinctionsD.features专业英语四级-97答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes
25、 that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 3 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 4 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teena
26、gers are especially self-conscious and need the 5 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 6 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 7 to plan activities in which there are more winners than los
27、ers, 8 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 9 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 10 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 11 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers
28、, and many shy students need the 12 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 13 visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have 14 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 15 participants can remain active as long as t
29、hey want and then go on to 16 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 17 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 18 , they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19 for roles that are within their 20 and their attention spans and by h
30、aving clearly stated rules.（分数：30.00）A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.advice解析：词义辨析题，兼考查固定搭配。本题所在句的意思是“青少年在情感、智力和生理方面会经历一些变化，而对于这些变化老师要清楚，同时老师还要认真地思考，如何最好地适应这些变化”。选项给出的四个单词中只有A项thought，与题意相符，give thought to表示“思考”，所以本题应选A。A.strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhance解析：语义逻辑题。根据前面提到的“知变”(be aware of.changes)
31、推断可知，“应变”是本句的逻辑语义，选项给出的四个单词中只有B项accommodate(此处意为适应，等于adapt to，adjust to)与题意相符，所以本题应选B。A.careB.nutritionC.exerciseD.leisure解析：语义逻辑题。由and一词可知，空格处应填一个与movement并列的词，只有C项exercise与题意相符，所以本题应选C。A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.Because解析：关联词题，兼考查语义逻辑。根据句意可知，空格处缺少一个关联词，其后从句为进行时态(they are adjusting to.)，也就是说这些青少年正处于一
32、个调整期，由此可见这里与下文中的self-conscious(自我意识)和need(需要)应为因果关系，所以此处应填一个因果连词，所以本题应选D。A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.tolerance解析：语义逻辑题。空格后的定语从句是本题的线索，该句的意思是说“这种(信心)源于成功以及知晓自己的成就为人(所仰慕)”，C项confidence符合题意，所以本题应选C。A.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassed解析：语义逻辑题。联系上一题的confidence，以及原句中的achieving success和knowing t
33、hat.这一并列的动宾结构可知，本题应选B，accomplishments(成就)只能接被动形式的admired(被仰慕)。A.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wise解析：语义逻辑题。本题所在分句要表达的意思是“策划一些胜多负少的活动是明智的”，联系上文提到的青少年需要成功带来信心，推断可知本题应选D。A.in effectB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in a sense解析：关联词题。阅读原句可知，空格处是一个插入成分，空格后的内容是空格前提到的activities一词的例子，故此处应填for example，所以本题应选C。A.displayin
34、gB.describingC.creatingD.exchanging解析：词义辨析题，兼考查语义逻辑。空格所在分句要表达的意思是“学生创作的艺术品”，B项和C项与student artwork不搭配，可排除，D项不符合上下文语义逻辑，只有选项A中的display有陈列的意思，既符合语义，又与student artwork搭配，所以本题应选A。A.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multiple解析：词义辨析题。选项A durable意思是“耐久的”，与opportunities不搭配，因此可排除。excessive指“过多的”，surplus表示“过剩的”，均含“过
35、”义，不符合语义，也不能与opportunities搭配，均可排除，只有multiple(多样的，多重的)与题意相符，所以本题应选D。A.groupB.individualC.personnelD.corporation解析：语义逻辑题。理解as well as是回答本题的，as well as意为“不仅而且”，由此可见，空格里要填一个与leadership(领导力，也是一种在团队中才能得以实现的能力)对应的词，四个选项中，只有A项，group dynamics“群体动力学”能与：leadership相对应，研究群体行为，此处可以理解为“团队活动”，所以本题应选A。A.consentB.ins
36、uranceC.admissionD.security解析：语义逻辑题。本题所在句要表达的意思是“而许多害羞的学生需要某个组织所赋予的”，将四个选项分别带入原文可知，只有security与原文中shy students(害羞的学生)相对应的，所以本题应选D。A.particularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarely解析：词义辨析题，兼考查语义逻辑。空格后的visible和in the background是对立的，由此推断可知，空格处应填一个表否定含义的词，由此可以排除A和C，B项barely表程度，意同just，almost not，而D项rarely表频率，意思是
37、seldom，由此可见，本题应选B。A.similarB.longC.differentD.short解析：语义逻辑题，attention span为心理学专有名词，指的是注意力集中的时间长度。可用short修饰，表示“不能长久地集中注意力”，所以本题应选D。A.if onlyB.now thatC.so thatD.even if解析：关联词题。联系上下文可知，空格处缺少一个连词，且该连词表目的，四个选项中只有C符合题意，所以本题应选C。A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something解析：语义逻辑题。根据空格前的go on to(继续)可知，空格处缺少一
38、个表示肯定意义的词，由此可以排除B和C，而A中的everything与else不搭配，故排除，D项中的something与else搭配意为“其他事情”，符合题意，所以本题应选D。A.offB.downC.outD.alone解析：词义辨析题，兼考查固定搭配。let sb. off意思是“解雇”，let sb. down表示“让某人失望”，let sb. out指的是“让(允许)出去”，let sb. alone指的是“不打扰，让他一个人待着”。四个选项中只有B项与句意相符，所以本题应选B。A.On the contraryB.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On t
39、he other hand解析：关联词题。空格前面为否定句，后面与之意思相反，此处应填一个表示转折关系的词，A项On the contrary意为“相反”，与题意相符，所以本题应选A。A.makingB.standingC.planningD.talking解析：词义辨析题，兼考查固定搭配。make for意思是“走向”，stand for指的是“代表，象征”，plan for表示“计划，安排”，take for意思是“认为”，四个选项中只有C项与题意相符，所以本题应选C。A.capabilitiesB.responsibilitiesC.proficiencyD.efficiency解析：语
40、义逻辑题，兼考查词义辨析。根据空格前面的their attention spans可知，此处应填一个能与其并列的内容，四个选项中只有A项capabilities符合题意，所以本题答案为A。Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 21 the talk with slides, writing up importa
41、nt information on the blackboard, 22 reading material and giving out 23 . The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 24 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture 25 notes which do not catch the main points and 26 become hard even for the 27 to unders
42、tand. Most institutions provide courses which 28 new students to develop the skills they need to be 29 listeners and note-takers. 30 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skill guides which 31 learners to practice these skills 32 . In all cases it is important to 33 the problem 34 actua
43、lly starting your studies. It is important to 35 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 36 in college study. One way of 37 these difficulties is to attend language and study-skill classes which most institutions provide throughout the 38 year. Another basic 39 is to find
44、 a study partner 40 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.（分数：30.00）A.extendingB.illustratingC.performingD.conducting解析：词义辨析题。此处意为“讲师会花一两个小时来讲课，他可能会用幻灯来说明讲课内容，在黑板上写出一些重要的信息，分发一些阅读材料并布置作业”。illustrate阐明，举例说明，图解；extend延长；perform履行；conduct实施。“用幻灯片来做演讲”，说明很形象，有图有例子；因
45、此用illustrate最贴切。A.attributingB.contributingC.distributingD.explaining解析：词义辨析题。attribute归属，把归于；contribute有助于，贡献；distribute分发，散发；explain解释；根据题意，分发学习资料应用distribute。A.assignmentsB.informationC.contentD.definition解析：definition定义。根据题意，分发作业应用assignments。A.suspectsB.understandsC.wondersD.convinces解析：词义辨析题。句
46、意为：新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记，他们想知道该记些什么，因此用wonder想知道；而suspect怀疑，猜想；understand理解，明白；convince说服，使确信；与题意不符。A.withoutB.withC.onD.except解析：惯用法题。leave sth. with sth.为固定搭配。A.whatB.thoseC.asD.which解析：语法题。连词and在此表示并列关系，其连接which do not catch the main points和which become hard even for the students to understand两个定语从句。A.teachersB.classmate
