1、专业英语四级-164及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)If you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Independence, beyond the flourished signature of John Hancock and the other 55 men who signed it, you will also find the name of one woman, Mary Katherine Goddard. It wa
2、s she, a Baltimore 1 , who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of its signers and 2 announced the support of all thirteen colonies. Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in P
3、rovidence, Rhode Island, in 1762. When he 3 to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishing the Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper. Similar 4 seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses
4、in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers. After starting Baltimores first newspaper, The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went 5 trying to organize a colonial postal service. While he was in debtors prison, Mary Katherine Goddards name
5、6 on the newspapers masthead for the first time. When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first 7 version of the Declaration of Independence in January, 1777. After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver
6、 the Declaration throughout the 8 During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimores only newspaper, which one historian 9 was second to none among the colonies. She was also the citys postmaster from 1775 to 1789 appointed by Benjamin Franklinand is considered to be the fi
7、rst woman to hold a(n) 10 position. Acolonies Bdeclared Cbroke Dclaimed Einsisted Fproblems Grestricted Hofficial Iotherwise Jproceeded Kprinter Lfederal Meditor Nappeared Otherefore（分数：25.00）Beggars can be seen on the streets, subway or at 11 spots in almost all the big cities. Some are for real an
8、d need the money. Others are just members of a gang or are used to 12 money. Would you give beggars money, or just ignore them? Forum readers share their opinions. One of them 13 that begging occurs in every larger city, no exceptions in the world. There are always people who are genuinely down on t
9、heir luck and making 14 organizations take care of them as this has been tried in countries such as Australia and the UK with far lower 15 of begging and homelessness than China. The other one argues that there are many different kinds of beggars, and many different reasons for becoming beggars. Wha
10、t can be done? Well, first, it is 16 that if a person can make more money by begging than by other work, there will always be people who will choose begging. 17 , job and skill training programs, especially for those living in rural areas, are very important. If people can get better jobs, with more
11、 money, theyll have no reason to turn to begging. And providing greater support for those with real needs within a city can be a big help, too. This includes providing education for street kids, skill training for adults, etc. Most such people are not begging because they want to. They are doing it
12、because they made some bad 18 , and now feel that they have no other choice. For those who 19 lie and exploit other, I have no problem with cracking down on them, especially those who use children to beg for them. Catch them, imprison them, and get them off the streets. But this must be done with 20
13、 and some sensitivity, not every beggar is treated this way.only the ones who most deserve it. ATherefore BMoreover Cintentionally Dscenic Ecaution Fchoices Goccasionally Hwelfare Isaving Jholds Krates Loutside Mobvious Ndoubts Ocollecting（分数：25.00）Given the advantages of electronic money, you might
14、 think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. A true cashless society, 21 , is probably not around the corner. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon revolutionize the very concept of money i
15、tself, only to 22 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a(n) 23 society been so slow in coming? Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payment system based on paper, several factors work 24 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very exp
16、ensive to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 25 form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 26 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to give up. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers
17、 several days of float it takes several days before a check is cashed and funds are 27 from the issuers account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. They eliminate the float for the consumer 28 electronic payments are immediate. Fourth, electronic
18、 means of payment raise security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database. Although a whole new field of computer science has developed to 29 with security issues, a further concern is that the use of electronic means o
19、f payment leaves an electronic 30 that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby eating into our privacy. Abecause Btrail Chowever Dcope Eoriginal Freverse Gresume H1ane Icashless
20、 Jwithdrawn Kprovide Lcollect Mdominant Nagainst Opath（分数：25.00）This is a third memoir from the author Frank McCourt who has 31 international reputation with his previous two bestsellers Angelas Ashes and Tis. Frank McCourt arrived in New York as a young, impoverished and 32 Irish boy. He didnt know
21、 what he wanted except to stop being hungry and to better himself. On the subway, he watched students carrying books. He saw how they read and 33 and wrote things in the margin and he liked the look of this very much. He joined the New York Public Library and every night when he came back from his h
22、otel work he would 34 up reading the great novels. Building his confidence and his determination, he talked his way into NYU and gained a literature 35 , and so began a teaching career that was to last 30 years, working in New York high school. Frank estimates that he 36 taught 12,000 children durin
23、g this time and it is on this relationship between teacher and student that he reflects in Teacher Man, the third in his series of 37 The New York high school is a restless, noisy and unpredictable place and Frank believes that it was his 38 to control and persuade these thousands of children into l
24、earning and achieving something for themselves that turned him into a writer. He, 39 sharing his own life with these kids, learnt the power of narrative storytelling, and out of the invaluable experience of holding 12,000 peoples attention came Angelas Ashes. Frank McCourt was a 40 in such schools,
25、long before he became the figure he is now. He would receive letters from former students telling him how much his teaching influenced and inspired them, and now in Teacher Man, he will share his reminiscences of those 30 years. A. idealistic B. beyond C. memoir D. degree E. acquired F. realistic G.
26、 attempts H. through I. certificate J. sit K. probably L. definitely M. underlined N. legend O. stay（分数：25.00）专业英语四级-164答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)If you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Independence, beyond the flourished signature of John Hancoc
27、k and the other 55 men who signed it, you will also find the name of one woman, Mary Katherine Goddard. It was she, a Baltimore 1 , who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of its signers and 2 announced the support of all thirteen colonies
28、. Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1762. When he 3 to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishin
29、g the Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper. Similar 4 seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers. After starting Baltimores first newspaper, The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went
30、5 trying to organize a colonial postal service. While he was in debtors prison, Mary Katherine Goddards name 6 on the newspapers masthead for the first time. When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first 7 version of the Declaratio
31、n of Independence in January, 1777. After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Declaration throughout the 8 During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimores only newspaper, which one historian 9 was second to none among the colonies. She
32、 was also the citys postmaster from 1775 to 1789 appointed by Benjamin Franklinand is considered to be the first woman to hold a(n) 10 position. Acolonies Bdeclared Cbroke Dclaimed Einsisted Fproblems Grestricted Hofficial Iotherwise Jproceeded Kprinter Lfederal Meditor Nappeared Otherefore（分数：25.00
33、）解析：Kprinter解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处填名词。此处是对全文的主人翁Mary Katherine Goddard职业的判断，可选项有editor“编辑”，printer“印刷商”。而下文Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four提示，她从事的是印刷业，故答案是printer。解析：Otherefore解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处填入副词。可选范围是otherwise“否则”，therefore“因此”，前句published the first official copies of the Dec
34、laration, the first copies that included the names of its signers“印刷了独立宣言的首份官方版本，且包含签字者的名字”是一个表原因的句子，承接了下面的表结果的句子announced the support of all thirteen colonies“宣布了十三个殖民地的支持”，可排除表示转折关系的副词otherwise，故选therefore。解析：Jproceeded解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处填入动词过去式。根据后面to do的结构，可选项有declared“宣布”，appeared“显现”，claimed“声称”，
35、proceeded“开始”。结合后句get into trouble with: his partners.“与合伙人发生纠纷”，以及下文中的follow her brother.again可推测玛丽的弟弟开始陷入逆境，故选proceeded。解析：Fproblems解析 同义词复现题。根据词性，此处填入名词。修饰词similar暗示上文中有同义词，且根据叙述对象和语境，判断是找与trouble相近的选项，答案唯有problems。解析：Cbroke解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处填入形容词。细读此句，可观察到词语的固定搭配go broke，表示“破产”，所以答案是broke。解析：Nap
36、peared解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处填入动词。能跟on搭配的最佳选项是appeared, appear on表示“在上出现”。此句说明在弟弟入狱后，玛丽代替他继续经营报业，她的名字首次出现在报头上。故选appeared。解析：Hofficial解析 上下文关键词复现题。根据词性，此处填入形容词。该词修饰的关键词version of the Declaration of Independence与第一段的first official copies of the Declaration一致，即“独立宣言的首份官方版本”，故选official。解析：Acolonies解析 词义辨析题。根
37、据词性，此处填入名词。throughout可表示时间或场所， “在期间；遍及地域”，而选项中最切合题意的是colonies“殖民地”，故选colonies。解析：Dclaimed解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处填入及物动词过去式。可选项有“claimed，declared”。declare意为“宣布(公告、法律等)，声明”；而claim意为“声称，认为”，往往表达观点和意见。根据空后接的宾语second to none among the colonies“殖民地独一无二的报纸”，可理解此处是某历史学家表达他的观点，故答案是claimed。解析：Lfederal解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处
38、填入形容词。由下文中的词汇线索position“职位”，以及所提及的美国杰出政治领袖Benjamin Franklin，可推测她是美国历史上首位拥有联邦公职的女性。federal意为“联邦的，同盟的”，故选federal。Beggars can be seen on the streets, subway or at 11 spots in almost all the big cities. Some are for real and need the money. Others are just members of a gang or are used to 12 money. Woul
39、d you give beggars money, or just ignore them? Forum readers share their opinions. One of them 13 that begging occurs in every larger city, no exceptions in the world. There are always people who are genuinely down on their luck and making 14 organizations take care of them as this has been tried in
40、 countries such as Australia and the UK with far lower 15 of begging and homelessness than China. The other one argues that there are many different kinds of beggars, and many different reasons for becoming beggars. What can be done? Well, first, it is 16 that if a person can make more money by begg
41、ing than by other work, there will always be people who will choose begging. 17 , job and skill training programs, especially for those living in rural areas, are very important. If people can get better jobs, with more money, theyll have no reason to turn to begging. And providing greater support f
42、or those with real needs within a city can be a big help, too. This includes providing education for street kids, skill training for adults, etc. Most such people are not begging because they want to. They are doing it because they made some bad 18 , and now feel that they have no other choice. For
43、those who 19 lie and exploit other, I have no problem with cracking down on them, especially those who use children to beg for them. Catch them, imprison them, and get them off the streets. But this must be done with 20 and some sensitivity, not every beggar is treated this way.only the ones who mos
44、t deserve it. ATherefore BMoreover Cintentionally Dscenic Ecaution Fchoices Goccasionally Hwelfare Isaving Jholds Krates Loutside Mobvious Ndoubts Ocollecting（分数：25.00）解析：Dscenic解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。且根据要填选项的前后信息，该句的含义可推断为“几乎所有大城市，不管是在街道、地铁，还是风景点，乞丐到处可见”。另外，根据词汇的习惯性搭配，scenic spots为“风景区，名胜”，故答案是s
45、cenic。解析：Ocollecting解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词的动名词形式，因为句中的be used to(be/get used to doing sth.)表示“习惯于做某事或习惯于某事”，to是介同，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词，所以可选范围是saving(省钱)和collecting(收钱，要钱)，又根据上下文的语境，得知乞丐是成群结帮地讨要钱财，锁定选项collecting。解析：Jholds解析 上下文同义词复现题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词。且从语法上判断，空后是that引导的宾语从句，空前主语是one of them，应当填动词的第三人称单数形式。可选范围是
46、“holds(认为)，rates(估价，定级)，doubts(怀疑)”。根据上下文的语义关系，尤其是下文中出现“The other one argues that”，可判断此处也是某人发表对乞丐的看法，故选holds。解析：Hwelfare解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处可填名词和形容词。但根据要填选项后的词汇线索organization，可判断是某个固有组织，且该段主要阐释的是“总有些人非常落魄，需要福利机构提供帮助”，而“福利机构”的习惯用法是welfare organization，所以答案是welfare。解析：Krates解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词复数形式。容易
47、混淆的是choices“选择”，rates“比率”，doubts“疑惑”，它们的常用搭配是。make/have choices, high/low rates of, have doubts，且上下文的信息提示“澳大利亚和英国的乞讨者和流浪汉的比率远低于中国”，故答案是rates。解析：Mobvious解析 语义题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。根据语法判断，空前的it是形式主语，所以这是个it做形式主语的句子，而it is obvious that是常用语法结构，表示“显然，明显”，可见答案是obvious。解析：ATherefore解析 上下文题。根据句意，此空表示结果而不是原因，副词th
48、erefore表明本句是对上一句的信息的总结，由此可推测此句句意为“因此，尤其有必要为生活在农村地区的人们提供就业和技能培训”。故答案为Therefore。解析：Fchoices解析 上下文关键词复现题。根据连接词and后的“now feel that they have no other choice”可判断前后句是并列关系，语义上有覆盖，所以此处选择choices。解析：Cintentionally解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入副词。容易混淆的词是“intentionally(故意地，蓄意地)，occasionally(偶尔地)”。根据下文信息提示“尤其对于那些利用幼儿行乞的人，我们要把他们从街道上赶走，抓他们入狱”，所以该句的意思是“对于那些蓄意欺骗和剥削他人的行乞者，我会义不容辞地去打击”，故选intentionally。解析：Ecaution解析 上下文同义词复现题。根据词性，此处应当填名词。根据“this must be done with -|_|-and some sensitivity”中的sensitivity“敏感”，要填的选项与其是并列关系，应当选与sensitivity同义的词，即caution“谨慎”。Given the advan
