1、专业英语四级-114及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Information is the primary commodity in more and more industries today. By 2005, 83% of American management personnel will be knowledge workers. Europe and Japan are not far behind. By 2005, half of all knowledge workers (22% of the lab
2、our force) will choose flextime, flex-place arrangements, which allow them to work at home, communicating with the office via computer networks. In the United States, the so-called digital divide seems to be disappearing. In early 2000, a poll found, that, where half of white households owned comput
3、ers, so did fully 43 % of African-American households, and their numbers were growing rapidly. Hispanic households continued to lag behind, but their rate of computer ownership was expanding as well. Company-owned and industry-wide television networks are bringing programming to thousands of locatio
4、ns. Business TV is becoming big business. Computer competence will approach 100% in US urban areas by the year 2005, with Europe and Japan not far behind. 80% of US homes will have computers in 2005, compared with roughly 50% now. In the United States, 5 of the 10 fastest-growing careers between now
5、 and 2005 will be computer related. Demand for programmers and systems analysts will grow by 70%. The same trend is accelerating in Europe, Japan, and India. By 2005, nearly all college texts and many high school and junior high books will be tied to Interact sites that provide source material, stud
6、y exercises, and relevant news articles to aid in learning. Others will come with CD-ROMs that offer similar resources. Interact links will provide access to the card catalogues of all the major libraries in the world by 2005. It will be possible to call up on a PC screen millions of volumes from di
7、stant libraries. Web sites enhance books by providing pictures, sound, film clips, and flexible indexing and search utilities. Implications: Anyone with access to the Interact will be able to achieve the education needed to build a productive life in an increasingly high-tech world. Computer learnin
8、g may even reduce the growing American prison population. Knowledge workers are generally better paid than less-skilled workers. Their wealth is raising overall prosperity. Even entry-level workers and those in formerly unskilled positions require a growing level of education. For a good career in a
9、lmost any field, computer competence is a must. This is one major trend raising the level of education required for a productive role in todays work force. For many workers, the opportunity for training is becoming one of the most desirable benefits any job can offer.（分数：20.00）(1).Information techno
10、logy is expected to have impact on all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：4.00）A.American management personnelB.European management personnelC.American peoples choice of careerD.traditional practice at work(2).Digital divide in the 4th paragraph refers to _.（分数：4.00）A.the gap in terms of computer ownershipB
11、.the tendency of computer ownershipC.the dividing line based on digitsD.the ethnic distinction among American household(3).Which of the following statements is INCOPRECT according to the passage?（分数：4.00）A.By 2005 all college and school study materials will turn electronic.B.By 2005 printed college
12、and school study materials will be supplemented with electronic material.C.By 2005 some college and school study materials will be accompanied by CD-ROMs.D.By 2005 Internet links make worldwide library search a possibility.(4).Which of the following areas is NOT discussed in the passage?（分数：4.00）A.F
13、uture careers.B.Nature of future work.C.Ethnic differences.D.Schools and libraries.(5).At the end of the passage, the author seems to emphasize _ in an increasingly high-tech world.（分数：4.00）A.the variety of educationB.the content of educationC.the need for educationD.the function of education三、Passa
14、ge 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)According to a new research released this week from Miller-Williams, e-commerce customers feel that over 80 percent of their decision to purchase or not reside in issues beyond their online experience. Whats really important to customers is brand performance. The research was bas
15、ed on interviews with 976 active customers of various top performing ecommerce companies (excluding travel) including A, AOL, Time Warner, BN.com, eBay, M and Yahoo. Current, former and potential customers were asked to describe their ideal e-commerce company vis-a-vis a subset of the top e-commerce
16、 companies. Of the five attributes customers use to evaluate e-commerce companies, the Clicks Interaction driver makes up only 15 percent of decision-making. The Clicks driver incorporates all aspects of the customers online experience, including pricing, customer support, the quality of offerings,
17、and mistake rectification. Brand Performance topped the list (35 percent), followed by Financial Longevity (18 percent), Strategic Direction (17 percent) and Clicks Interaction (15 percent). These five attributes, or drivers, make up 100% of a customers decision to purchase from a site or not. Custo
18、mers recognize the value of a well-performing brand and todays top e-commerce companies are clearly meeting their expectationsa key to their success. Based on this response, the study suggests that companies should continue, or even increase, their investments in traditional advertising campaigns. A
19、ccording to the study, A is the premier e-commerce company, having translated its Brand Performance into value on the Bricks Interaction. The research shows Amazons value here is essentially the equivalent of a retail storefront, something that customers dont see in the other e-commerce companies. C
20、ustomers wholeheartedly agree that e-commerce companies need to better demonstrate their financial security. Whats more interesting is that customers do not necessarily equate financial resources such as revenue, net profits and market value with financial stability. Instead, customers see a company
21、s aggressiveness and ability to seize new markets as increasing their financial longevity. After analyzing 27 bricks & mortar and e-commerce market leading companies, customers ranked Oracle number one in terms of financial security, outperforming others such as AOL-Time Warner, Dell Computer and Ge
22、neral Motors. Amazon and B enjoy a high ranking on perceived financial security. This shows us why so many recent activities and acquisitions have been taking place in ecommerce, said Miller-Williams CEO, Gary A. Williams. Their revenues and profits are stabilizing and becoming more predictable so t
23、hey make nice merger or alliance candidates. E-commerce customers are voting with their dollars, and the winners are companies that have shown their brand strength and ability to execute in a proven market space. With respect to Brand Performance, the study warns e-commerce companies currently evalu
24、ating the use of pop-up advertisements: Customers see the use of technology and marketing and advertising as being an inseparable part of the companys brand. Key groups of e-commerce users have been resistant to this form of advertising, so use of it may have an impact on the customers decision to p
25、urchase from a site or not.（分数：20.00）(1).The thing that most e-commerce customers are concerned about is _.（分数：4.00）A.their own online experienceB.brand performanceC.their decision to purchaseD.percentage of the issues(2).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT according to the passage?（分数：4.
26、00）A.The five attributes customers use to evaluate e-commerce companies are functional.B.The Clicks Interaction driver fails to work as ideally as many people have evaluated.C.A key to the success of todays top e-commerce companies is based on Clicks Interaction.D.A well-performing brand is most lik
27、ely to be valued and recognized by customers.(3).The attributes customers use to evaluate e-commerce companies include the following EXCEPT _.（分数：4.00）A.the Clicks Interaction driver and after-sales serviceB.Brand Performance and Financial LongevityC.Financial Longevity and Strategic DirectionD.Stra
28、tegic Direction and Brand Performance(4).According to the passage, the customers pay more attention to e-commerce companies _.（分数：4.00）A.financial stabilityB.financial resourcesC.financial longevityD.financial security(5).The tone of the passage is _.（分数：4.00）A.objectiveB.suspiciousC.positiveD.negat
29、ive四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Earn $4,000 a month at home, boasts the e-mail in my mailbox. Others promise a cure for heart disease, get-rich-quick investments or free travel. All these scams require consumers to send money. Scammers use commercially available software to harvest thousands of e-mail
30、 addresses from information on web-site records or from people signing up for on-line contests. Their sole purpose is to generate e-mail lists that are often sold to other scammers and immoral marketers. Victims of these scams are most often those who can least afford it, says Laforge. When her moth
31、er became ill, Linda Russell, 58, found it hard to make ends meet. The teacher from Tennessee was a good typist and searched Internet sites offering assistance in finding work-at-home employment. She found Friends From Home, an Ontario company. For a $40 fee, they promised her clerk work. She sent t
32、he check, which was cashed. When she heard nothing further, she e-mailed the company half a dozen times, without response. Work-at-home schemes are among the most common frauds we see, says an official of the Better Business Bureau. Be suspicious of offers of $4 for stuffing an envelope. They just d
33、ont make sense. Pyramid schemes, chain letters and false diplomas are other classic scams that have moved from telephones and later fax machines to the Internet. Travel scams are an old way of cheating now showing up on the Net. The assistant director of consumer affairs with the American Society of
34、 Travel Agents says: Avoid paying a company for travel that wont be ticketed or take place for 12 to 18 months. When it comes time to get your tickets, the dates you want are often not available, restrictions may make it more expensive or the company has disappeared. Another costly fraud is the tele
35、phone scare. An e-mail congratulates you on winning a prize, or offers urgent information about a family member and asks you to call a phone number for details. As they call the number and are put on hold, the victims are unaware that their call charges are up to $25 a minute. Often, charges of hund
36、reds of dollars appear on next months phone bill. Beware too of on-line games of chance. Type lotteries into a search engine if you want to see how many such scams are out on the Internet, says Gordon Board, corporate security investigator at the B. C. Lottery Corporation. People buy tickets on thei
37、r credit cards at these false sites, but there is no prize money. Never call a 900 numberits not a free callto collect a prize. And never send bank information for the deposit of winnings into your account. Rule No. 1 for avoiding scams on-line: If it sounds too good to be true, it usually is.（分数：20
38、.00）(1).According to Laforge, the victims are usually people who can NOT afford to _.（分数：4.00）A.send money to the scammersB.buy the commercially available softwareC.sign up for on-line contestsD.generate e-mail lists(2).Linda Russell intended to find a website that _.（分数：4.00）A.would offer her a tem
39、porary jobB.would help her find a part-time jobC.would help her with her job for freeD.would find her a job with a better income(3).What is true about the work-at-home schemes?（分数：4.00）A.They are one of the most profitable scams.B.They turned to Internet users only recently.C.They were firstly carri
40、ed out through telephone.D.They are usually highly-paid but undemanding.(4).Which of the following is not done by an honest travel agency?（分数：4.00）A.Offering a long-term travel plan.B.Ticketing you when you need it.C.Setting up ticketing restrictions.D.Precharging for future services.(5).According t
41、o Gordon Board, lottery scams usually offer websites that _.（分数：4.00）A.turn out to provide commercial on-line contestsB.ask you to call a telephone number for detailsC.cannot be connected to after you buy ticketsD.counterfeit authorized lottery corporations五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)With increasing
42、prosperity, Western European youth is having a fling that is creating distinctive consumer and cultural patterns. The result has been the increasing emergence in Europe of that phenomenon well-known in America as the youth market. This is a market in which enterprising businesses cater to the demand
43、s of teenagers and older youths in all their rock mania and pop-art forms. In Western Europe, the youth market may appropriately be said to be in its infancy. In some countries such as Britain, West Germany and France, it is more advanced than in others. Some manifestations of the market, chiefly so
44、ciological, have been recorded, but it is only just beginning to be the subject of organized consumer research and promotion. Characteristics of evolving European youth market indicate dissimilarities as well as similarities to the American youth market. The similarities: The markets basis is essent
45、ially the samemore spending power and freedom to use it in the hands of teenagers and older youth. Young consumers also make up an increasingly high proportion of the population. As in the United States, youthful tastes in Europe extend over a similar range of productsrecords and record players, tra
46、nsistor radios, leather jackets and way-out, extravagantly styled clothing, cosmetics and soft drinks. Generally it now is difficult to tell in which direction trans-Atlantic teenage influences are flowing. Also, a pattern of conformity dominates Europe youth as in this country, though in Britain th
47、e object is to wear clothes that make the wearer stand out, but also make him in, such as tight trousers and precisely tailored jackets. Worship and emulation of idols in the entertainment field, especially the pop singers and other per-formers is pervasive. Theres also the same exuberance and unpre
48、dictability in sudden fad switches. In Paris, buyers of stores catering to the youth market carefully watch what dress is being worn by a popular television teenage singer to be ready for a sudden demand for copies. In Stockholm other followers of teenage fads call the youth market attractive but irrational. The most obvious differences between the youth market in Europe and that in the United States is in size. In terms of volume and variet
