1、专业英语四级-62及答案解析 (总分：99.98，做题时间：90分钟)一、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the ra
2、ilroads. Nearly half of all negligence (过失) cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won. Most of the cases were decided in state courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads
3、 represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them. Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchmans negligence ran his engine off the track. The cour
4、t reasoned, that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a pure accident. In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused b
5、y the mistake of another. In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jurys decision because it argued that
6、the railroads negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider. As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroadsagainst their economic and political power and high fares as well as against th
7、eir callousness (无情) toward individuals.（分数：20.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true in Farwells case?（分数：5.00）A.Farwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.B.Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful.C.The court argued that the victim
8、 had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job.D.The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.(2).What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court?（分数：5.00）A.The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediate buildings.B.The railroad compensat
9、ed for all the damage by the fire.C.The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building.D.The railroad worker paid for the property damage himself.(3).The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT _.（分数：5.00）A.political powerB.high faresC.economic lossD.indifference(4).What does the passage mainly d
10、iscuss?（分数：5.00）A.Railroad oppressing individuals in the US.B.History of the US railroads.C.Railroad workers working rights.D.Law cases concerning the railroads.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Information is the primary commodity in more and more industries today. By 2005, 83% of American management pers
11、onnel will be knowledge workers. Europe and Japan are not far behind. By 2005, half of all knowledge workers (22% of the labour force) will choose flextime, flexplace arrangements, which allow them to work at home, communicating with the office via computer networks. In the United States, the so-cal
12、led digital divide seems to be disappearing. In early 2000, a poll found, that, where half of white households owned computers, so did fully 43% of African-American households, and their numbers were growing rapidly. Hispanic households continued to lag behind, but their rate of computer ownership w
13、as expanding as well. Company-owned and industry-wide television networks are bringing programming to thousands of locations. Business TV is becoming big business. Computer competence will approach 100% in US urban areas by the year 2005, with Europe and Japan not far behind. 80% of US homes will ha
14、ve computers in 2005, compared with roughly 50% now. In the United States, 5 of the 10 fastest-growing careers between now and 2005 will be computer related. Demand for programmers and systems analysts will grow by 70%. The same trend is accelerating in Europe, Japan, and India. By 2005, nearly all
15、college texts and many high school and junior high books will be tied to Internet sites that provide source material, study exercises, and relevant news articles to aid in learning. Others will come with CD-ROMs that offer similar resources. Internet links will provide access to the card catalogues
16、of all the major libraries in the world by 2005. It will be possible to call up on a PC screen millions of volumes from distant libraries. Web sites enhance books by providing pictures, sound, film clips, and flexible indexing and search utilities. Implications: Anyone with access to the Internet wi
17、ll be able to achieve the education needed to build a productive life in an increasingly high-tech world. Computer learning may even reduce the growing American prison population. Knowledge workers are generally better paid than less-skilled workers. Their wealth is raising overall prosperity. Even
18、entry-level workers and those in formerly unskilled positions require a growing level of education. For a good career in almost any field, computer competence is a must. This is one major trend raising the level of education required for a productive role in todays work force. For many workers, the
19、opportunity for training is becoming one of the most desirable benefits any job can offer.（分数：20.00）(1).Information technology is expected to have impact on all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：4.00）A.American management personnelB.European management personnelC.American peoples choice of careerD.traditio
20、nal practice at work(2).Digital divide in the 4th paragraph refers to _.（分数：4.00）A.the gap in terms of computer ownershipB.the tendency of computer ownershipC.the dividing line based on digitsD.the ethnic distinction among American household(3).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT accordin
21、g to the passage?（分数：4.00）A.By 2005 all college and school study materials will turn electronic.B.By 2005 printed college and school study materials will be supplemented with electronic material.C.By 2005 some college and school study materials will be accompanied by CD-ROMs.D.By 2005 Internet links
22、 make worldwide library search a possibility.(4).Which of the following areas is NOT discussed in the passage?（分数：4.00）A.Future careers.B.Nature of future work.C.Ethnic differences.D.Schools and libraries.(5).At the end of the passage, the author seems to emphasize _ in an increasingly high-tech wor
23、ld.（分数：4.00）A.the variety of educationB.the content of educationC.the need for educationD.the function of education四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Rich Americans are willing to take conspicuous consumption to new heights by spending big bucks to fly into space, including paying 100,000 for a 1S-minute tr
24、ip into the heavens, according to a poll released on Monday. Possibly bored by the banal baubles (老套的小玩意) of mundane Mother Earth or inspired by the dashing derring-do of such pioneers as first American in space Alan Shepard and first millionaire in space Dennis Tito, the poll says 7 percent of rich
25、 Americans would pay 20 million for a two-week orbital flight and 19 percent would pay 100,000 for 15-minute sub-orbital flight. The poll by Zogby International was commissioned by Futron Corp., a Maryland aerospace consulting group which has a 1.8 million contract with NASA to explore the commercia
26、l applications of space travel, including what space tourism could look like in the next 20 years. Zogby International conducted telephone interviews with 450 Americans whose yearly incomes exceed 250,000 or whose net worth exceeds 1 million. The polls, conducted in January but only released Monday,
27、 has a margin of error of plus or minus 4.7 percent. Futrons NASA project program manager Derek Webber said, We commissioned this survey in order to get an idea of what rich people think and not the man in the street who loves the idea of going into space but cant afford it. He added, We are saying
28、these trips will cost a minimum of 100,000 for a 15-minute trip, which was the amount of time the first American in space, Alan Shepard, had and for that you get to feel space weightlessness and see the world from up there. That trip would take a tourist 50 miles (80 kin) into space. Webber said a s
29、urprising 7 percent of the wealthy polled said they would be willing to take a two-week flight to an orbiting space station, paying the 20 million that the Russians charged the two pioneering space tourists who have already made the trip, South African Mark Shuttleworth and American Dennis Tito. If
30、the price dropped to $50,000, 16 percent of those surveyed would be interested. Space tourists would have to meet medical standards and only be able to go to the International Space Station. N Sync singer Lance Bass is currently undergoing tests to see if he could become the third space tourist. He
31、wants to become the first entertainer in space.（分数：20.00）(1).Which of the following is a motive for the rich people to have space travel?（分数：4.00）A.Such travel gives them a chance to show off their wealth.B.Such travel is more exciting than any games they ever had.C.They want to have a more relaxing
32、 holiday by such travel.D.They want to prove they are as brave as any other people.(2).What does the Futron Corp want to find out by the poll?（分数：4.00）A.Whether space travel will be profitable.B.Whether space travel is technically practicable.C.What the public think about space travel.D.What cost pe
33、ople would pay for space travel.(3).Who is most likely to be chosen as the subject of Zogbys survey?（分数：4.00）A.Those who are conducting prosperous businesses.B.Those who are fascinated by thrilling extreme games.C.Those who admire the heroic deeds of Alan Shepard.D.Those who are healthy enough for t
34、he space travel.(4).It was expected by Futron Corp that _.（分数：4.00）A.not all the rich people would be willing to take the surveyB.many rich people would be interested in space travelC.very few rich people would prefer the longer flightD.some rich people would suggest a price cut for the flight(5).Wh
35、at can we learn about the space tourists from the passage?（分数：4.00）A.The first space tourist had a fifteen-minute flight into space.B.The only two millionaire space tourists are both from the United States.C.Both the millionaire space tourists visited an orbiting space station.D.A singer, but not a
36、millionaire, is going to be the third space tourist.五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)If youre finding it tough to land a job, try expanding your job-hunting plan to include the following strategies: Set your target. While you should always keep your options open to compromise, you should also be sure to t
37、arget exactly what you want in a job. A specific job hunt will be more efficient than a random one. Schedule ample interviews. Use every possible method to get interviewsanswering ads, using search firms, contacting companies directly, surfing the Web, and networking. Even if a job is not perfect fo
38、r you, every interview can make you learn from it. Follow up. Even if someone does not hire you, write them a thank-you note for the interview. Then, some weeks later, send another brief letter to explain that you still have not found the perfect position and that you will be available to interview
39、again if the original position you applied foror any other position, for that matteris open. Do this with every position you interview for, and you may just catch a break. Make it your full-time job. You cant find a job by looking infrequently. You have to make time for it. If youre unemployed and l
40、ooking for a job, devote as much time as you would to a full-time job. If you have a job while youre looking, figure out an organized schedule to maximize your searching time. Network vertically. In the research phase of your job-hunt, talk to people who are on a level above you in your desired indu
41、stry. Theyll have some insights that people at your own level wont have, and will be in a good position to hire you or recommend you to be hired. Keep your spirits up. Looking for a job is one of the toughest things you will ever have to do. Maintain your confidence, stay persistent, and think posit
42、ively, and eventually you will get a job that suits you.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the author, your job-hunting plan had better be as _ as possible.（分数：4.00）A.randomB.clearC.fixedD.complex(2).The search firms are most probably _.（分数：4.00）A.companies that have vacant posts availableB.companies that s
43、upply website-search serviceC.companies that provide job-hunting serviceD.companies that study job market and employment rate(3).When hunting a job, youd better communicate with people on a level above you because _.（分数：4.00）A.they will hire you soonB.they will ask someone to hire youC.you will bene
44、fit from their fameD.you can learn from them(4).As indicated in the passage, in order to get a suitable job, you should _.（分数：4.00）A.always keep an optimistic spiritB.mainly focus on a full-time jobC.apply for one job at one timeD.follow other peoples footsteps(5).Whats the best title for this passa
45、ge?（分数：4.00）A.Interview Strategies.B.Interview Ceremony.C.Job-hunting Experience.D.Job-hunting Strategies.六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)No matter what the reason, though, juggling more than one job is guaranteed to be a crash course in time management. If youre not careful, the word crash could become
46、more than figurative. We all know that well have to figure out a time management system when we take on a second job. Equally obvious is the fact that what works for one person (and their jobs) probably wont work for anyone else. Its up to you to find a system and stick with it. There are. a few tri
47、cks, though, that can help. Keep firm dividers between your different jobs. Even if you are the boss on your second jobyoure working for yourselfyou have an obligation to keep that work separate from your day job. Focus on whats in front of you. Theres actually a benefit to punching a clock when you
48、 work for more than one supervisor. When youre on the clock for Company A, you know exactly which projects you should be working on. It Company A is paying for this time, you should be theirs, heart and soul, at least until you clock out. Good records can also help. Im not just talking about the calendars and task lists most of us rely on, either. Making sure that you have any contact information available no matter whether youre at Job A, J
