1、专业英语八级-阅读理解(十)及答案解析 (总分：20.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Text A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In some ways, China is an unlikely hotbed for e-commerce. Only 38 percent of online buyers pay with credit or debit cards, using instead an army of bicycle messengers delivering cash. There are no reliable credit ratings, or postal servi
2、ces, so some online auction customers still want to meet the seller in person. Yet none of this deters Americas e-commerce giantsYahoo, Amazon and eBay. All are moving rapidly into China and the rest of Asia, driven by a rather startling fact of the digital age: the survivors of the Internet bubble
3、in America are already mature businesses at home.Consider: eBay is posting record profits, and Amazon is in the black for the first time in its eight -year history. Yet U. S. growth rates are starting to slow. This year eBay expects to post more sales outside the United States than within. The e-com
4、merce market in Europe is starting to take off, but Asia has the biggest potential. Researchers at IDC forecast that annual Asian sales outside Japan will rise at 38 percent a year through 2007, topping 61 percent in China. William Cobb, head of eBays international business, expects China to overtak
5、e Germany and the United Kingdom as eBAys biggest overseas market sooner rather than later.The population of Internet users in China is now 87 million, and growing fast. That explains the bidding: last spring, Yahoo teamed up with S, Chinas largest Internet portal, to break into the online auction b
6、usiness. In August Amazon.corn paid $72 million for J, one of Chinas top online retailers. And last month, eBay fully plugged EachNetthe online auction site it bought last year for $180 million into its global network.To maneuver in Asia, American giants are seeking out local partners. Microsoft has
7、 had a hard time cracking Chinese e-commerce on its own, and AOL had an ill-fated venture with computer-maker Legend. But now local entrepreneurs have built customer bases strong enough to entice global acquirers.E-Ready in AsiaAs more Asian consumers go online, Asian firms are leading the world in
8、investing to build up their e-commerce capabilities.Share of IT budgets spent on e-commerce（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is not true about e-commerce in China according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.A large number of online buyers do not pay with credit cards.B.Online auction customers do their bu
9、siness without seeing each other.C.China is not fully prepared for e-commerce.D.Credit ratings are not reliabl(2).Which of the following is the cause for Americas e-commerce giants moving into China and the rest of Asia?（分数：1.00）A.eBay is posting record profits.B.Amazon is in the black for the first
10、 time in its eight-year history.C.U.S. growth rates are starting to slow.D.European e-commerce is too matur(3).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.E-commerce in China is developing very fast.B.Americas e-commerce giants are moving into China.C.American e-commerce b
11、usinesses have a hard time doing business on their own in China.D.Chinas e-commerce businesses do not like to cooperate with foreign companies.(4).Which of the following is NOT true about European e-commerce markets?（分数：1.00）A.European e-commerce is mainly dominated by American giants.B.Established
12、European retailers were hesitant to leave the market to U.S. businesses.C.American giants are quite successful in European markets.D.Both auctions and retail markets are controlled by U. S. giants.(5).What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.China will become the major market for American e-
13、commerce businesses.B.Chinas e-commerce businesses would do business on their own.C.American businesses entry into Chinese market is a threat to Chinas e-commerce.D.American giants will move out from European markets.二、Text B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Its easy to see why the price of gasoline is so upsetting to
14、 so many people. Gas prices are the one economic indicator you see all the time, prominently posted on big signs and the prices are at record levels, seemingly rising by the hour. Thats created a new pastime: driving around until you hit the big score, saving a nickel a gallon.Is this a good use of
15、your time? Not really, once you calculate how long it takes to drive around looking for a bargain and how much gas you burn doing it. If youre already at the financial brink, higher gas prices might push you overbut for most people, they ought not to be that big a deal. Dont believe me? Here are the
16、 numbers. During its first five years, the average vehicle costs its owner around $725 a month, according to E, an automotive Web site. That includes depreciation, insurance, maintenance and such, but not gas. That averaged $1.94 a gallon last week, up 45 cents from a year ago. The average vehicle u
17、ses 550 gallons of gas annually. Do the math, and at todays price, it costs around $1,070 a year to fuel an average vehicle, up from $820. The difference: less than $25 a month. Forego the Big Gulp, hot dog and chips that you get along with your fill-up, and youll be ahead of the game.If you must wo
18、rry, at least worry about the right thing: the way energy prices will slow down the economy if they stay at current levels. Higher energy costs flow into every nook and cranny of the economy, says Daniel Yergin, chairman of Cambridge Energy Research Associates. Each dollar-a-barrel price hike acts l
19、ike a $20 million-a-day tax $7.3 billion a yearon the rest of the economy, with another $13 million a day for natural gas, also in short supply. Oils up $12 a barrel in the past year, a levy that runs more than $100 billion annually. Even in an $11 trillion economy, that stings.Unlike previous price
20、 spikes, caused by supply shortages, the current jump is caused largely by higher demand as the U.S. economy recovers, Chinas surges and the rest of the worlds fortunes improve. Thats the bad news part of the good economic news. But while supply and demand drive prices in the long term, in the short
21、 term theyre heavily influenced by financial players, such as traders on the New York Mercantile Exchange. Yergin estimates that the combination of anxiety about the Middle East and financial players have added $6 to $8 a barrel to oil prices, which closed at $41.38 a barrel Friday. This means that
22、even though world supplies are tight, oil could be knocked down to about $30.Maybe we need some out-of-the-box thinking to dull this price spike. Sure, theres a long-term problem, requiring less demand or more supply. But for now, perhaps the Bush administration could use the 660-billion-barrel Stra
23、tegic Petroleum Reserve to push prices down. One approach, suggested by Loews CEO Jim Tisch, whose company has extensive energy holdings, is to trade some reserve oil for oil to be delivered in a year. Based on Fridays prices, we could swap six barrels today for seven wed get in 2005. That seems sma
24、rter than what were doing: filling the reserve at todays prices. Think of it. Wed both save money and reduce current demand.The White House isnt going for that, however. The president believes that the Strategic Petroleum Reserve should be used only in the event of an emergency, not to manipulate pr
25、ices, said White House spokesman Trent Duffy. It should be noted that Bush excoriated Bill Clinton for using the reserve to drive down heating-oil prices to help A1 Gore. Sure, that was political but not necessarily unsound economically.OK, even if you insist on thinking inside the box, just remembe
26、r that although the big picture is well worth your worry, your gas bills not worth obsessing over. After all, at the current prices, conservings importanteven mental energy.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, the average owner spends $725 a month on the following with the exception of _.（分数：1.00）
27、A.depreciationB.insuranceC.maintenanceD.gas(2).According to the author, what is the most serious consequence of the current higher oil price?（分数：1.00）A.The economy will slow down.B.Fewer people can afford to drive.C.People try to save pennies a gallon.D.People are wasting time looking for cheap oil.
28、(3).Which of the following is NOT the cause for the current jump of oil prices according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.U.S. economy recovers.B.Chinas economy is developing fast.C.The rest of the world is becoming rich.D.The supply of oil is becoming less and less.(4).Excoriated in the sixth paragraph is
29、 closest in meaning to _.（分数：1.00）A.exasperatedB.censuredC.praisedD.prevented(5).The author thinks the White House should _.（分数：1.00）A.limit the oil pricesB.manipulate prices by using the reserveC.save moneyD.reduce demand三、Text C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Of all the extraordinary events in the life of John Pau
30、l II, few can compare with the 21 minutes he spent in a white-walled cell in Romes Rebibia prison. Just after Christmas, 1983, the pope visited Mehmet Ali Agca, the man who 30 months earlier had shot him in St. Peters Square. He presented Agca with a silver rosary, and something else as well: his fo
31、rgiveness.It requires a Christ-like forbearance to pardon a would-be assassin, of course. But how many of us are ready to forgive an unfaithful lover, a scheming colleague or even the jerk who cut into the line at Krispy Kreme? Persistent unforgiveness is part of human nature, but it appears to work
32、 to the detriment not just of our spiritual well-being but our physical health as well. The subject is one of the hottest field of research in clinical psychology today, with more than 1,200 published studies, up from just 58 as recently as 1997. It even has its own foundationA Campaign for Forgiven
33、ess Research which sponsored a conference last year with papers on topics like Exploring Gender Differences in Forgiveness. (The largest number of papers dealt with forgiveness in marital and romantic relationships, which seem to generate an inordinate amount of interpersonal resentment.) Dr. Dean O
34、rnish, Americas all-purpose lifestyle guru regards forgiveness as the tofu of the soul, a healthful alternative to the red meat of anger and vengeance. In a way, Ornish says, the most selfish thing you can do for yourself is to forgive other people.Research suggests that forgiveness works in at leas
35、t two ways. One is by reducing the stress of the state of unforgiveness, a potent mixture of bitterness, anger, hostility, hatred, resentment and fear (of being hurt or humiliated again). These have specific physiologic consequencessuch as increased blood pressure and hormonal changes linked to card
36、iovascular disease, immune suppression and, possibly, impaired neurological function and memory. One study examined 20 individuals in happy relationships, matched with 20 in troubled relationships. The latter had higher baseline levels of cortisol, a hormone associated with impaired immune functionw
37、hich shot up even further when they were asked to think about their relationships. It happens down the line, but every time you feel unforgiveness, you are more likely to develop a health problem, says Everett Worthington, executive director of A Campaign for Forgiveness Research.The other benefit o
38、f forgiveness is more subtle; it relates research showing that people with strong social networksof friends, neighbors and familytend to be healthier than loners. Someone who nurses grudges and keeps track of every slight is obviously going to shed some relationships over the course of a lifetime. F
39、orgiveness, says Charlotte vanOyen Witvliet, a researcher at Hope College in Holland, Mich., should be incorporated into ones personality, a way of life, not merely a response to specific insults.In fact, forgiveness turns out to be a surprisingly complex process, according to many researchers. Wort
40、hington distinguishes what he calls decisional forgivenessa commitment to reconciling with the perpetratorfrom the more significant emotional forgiveness, an internal state of acceptance. Forgiveness does not require us to forgo justice, or to make up to people we have every right to despise. Anger
41、has its place in the panoply of human emotions, but it shouldnt become a way of life. When I talk about forgiveness, I mean letting go, not excusing the other person or reconciling with them or condoning the behavior, says Ornish. Just letting go of your own suffering.Its a process, not a moment, sa
42、ys Dr. Edward M. Hallowell, a Harvard psychiatrist and the author of Dare to Forgive. Forgiveness, he emphasizes, has to be cultivated; it goes against a natural human tendency to seek revenge and the redress of injustice. For that reason, he recommends doing it with helpof friends, a therapist or t
43、hrough prayer. It was from his faith that John Paul drew the strength to forgive Mehmet Agca setting (as he no doubt intended) an example for the rest of us. The message is the same whether its couched in the language of Christian charity, clinical psychology or the wisdom of Confucius, as quoted by
44、 Hallowell: If you devote your life to seeking revenge, first dig two graves./（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, forgiveness will lead to _.（分数：1.00）A.immune suppressionB.impaired memoryC.increased blood pressureD.lower baseline levels of cortisol(2).Which of the following concerning unforgivene
45、ss is NOT true according to the second paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Everyone is inclined not to forgive.B.Unforgiveness is harmful to peoples physical health.C.Unforgiveness is only harmful to peoples spiritual health.D.The figures indicate researchers have realized the importance of forgiveness.(3).The fou
46、rth paragraph states the following except _.（分数：1.00）A.Loners do not forgive others.B.To be sociable is better for peoples health.C.Forgiveness can help you make more friends.D.Forgiveness should become part of ones personality.(4).According to the passage, forgiveness means _.（分数：1.00）A.giving up j
47、usticeB.excusing the other personC.stopping thinking of angerD.reconciling with the other person(5).According to Hallowell, which of the following is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.It takes time to forgive.B.It is difficult for people to forgive.C.One will get hurt by ones revenge against others.D.John Paul fo
48、rgave Mehmet Agcajust in order to set an example for the others.四、Text D(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If Jim Dehlsen ever needs to remind himself why, at 67, hes still trying to save the world, all he has to do is glance outside his window. The offices of his three-year-old firm, Clipper Windpower, look across Californias tranquil Santa Barbara Channel and, in the distance, to the remote marine sanctuary of Santa Cruz island. Marring that view are eight oil rigs jutting into the ocean mi
