1、专业英语八级听力-3及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：50.00)The Purpose of Literary Analysis. Introductionmaking readers appreciate (1) of literary worksrelating literature to both readers own life and general human condition. Purpose of literary analysisA. Dis
2、covering the authors basic premises: comprehending the authors basic intellectual premises and fundamental (2) 1) ways to guarantee successful communication by the authoroffering an explicit (3) of his convictionsgiving descriptions and (4) 2) deriving abstract premises by analyzing (5) B. Attaining
3、 individual value from the literary work1) gaining positive or negative (6) into readers own life2) a process of (7) discriminationC. A relevance to universal human condition or widespread human endeavor in an implicit or (8) way1) example: George Orwells 19842) what readers do:recognizing general h
4、uman condition on the basis of specificsgaining a comprehensive understanding of the theme even if they (9) . ConclusionLiterary analysis is a(n) (10) approach that offers readers answers or solutions to their questions and dilemmas.（分数：50.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项
5、1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：25.00)(1).Which of the following is INCORRECT about David Bach?A. He is a psychologist. B. He is a financial advisor.C. He is a psychiatrist. D. He is a best-selling author.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What percentage of people in the US are living under the pressure of money?A. 50%.
6、 B. 75%. C. 80%. D. 85%.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements about money is INCORRECT?A. Many people have trouble in keeping and spending money wisely.B. Money doesnt necessarily bring happiness to people.C. The more money you earn, the happier you will be.D. Money brings comparati
7、vely more happiness to the low income class.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following jobs probably brings the least happiness to people?A. The teacher. B. The social worker.C. The fire fighter. D. The manager.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is NOT mentioned in the interview as to bringing happiness to
8、people?A. Having someone who loves you.B. Being healthy mentally and psychologically.C. Having a successful marriage.D. Having filial children.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：25.00)(1).According to NOAA, how many storms could become hurricanes?A. 14 to 23. B. 8 to 14.C. 119. D. 190.（分数：5.00）A.
9、B.C.D.(2).Which of the following may NOT be the consequences led by the hurricane season?A. Making it impossible to stop the leak and clean-up of the oil.B. Spreading the oil further along the Gulf coast.C. Causing wider environmental damage.D. Bringing great damage to economy.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.1.Whi
10、ch of the following is INCORRCT according to the news item?A. The UN claims to have found evidence to Iran nuclear issue.B. Israel calls for military measures to stop Iran nuclear issue.C. Pictures about Irans nuclear issue will be included in IAEAs report.D. Iran admits its military aim on the nucl
11、ear issue.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Which of the following is CORRECT according to the news item?A. British nationals fought against the attackers.B. No British nationals were injured in the attack.C. Nine British nationals were killed in the attack.D. British nationals ran away from the building in the
12、attack.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What was the result of the attack?A. No groups took responsibility for the attack. B. The Britains cultural center was occupied.C. Nine members of Taliban were shot dead. D. Many natives in Afghanistan were killed.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语八级听力-3答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PAR
13、T LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：50.00)The Purpose of Literary Analysis. Introductionmaking readers appreciate (1) of literary worksrelating literature to both readers own life and general human condition. Purpose of literary analysisA. Discovering the authors basic premises: compr
14、ehending the authors basic intellectual premises and fundamental (2) 1) ways to guarantee successful communication by the authoroffering an explicit (3) of his convictionsgiving descriptions and (4) 2) deriving abstract premises by analyzing (5) B. Attaining individual value from the literary work1)
15、 gaining positive or negative (6) into readers own life2) a process of (7) discriminationC. A relevance to universal human condition or widespread human endeavor in an implicit or (8) way1) example: George Orwells 19842) what readers do:recognizing general human condition on the basis of specificsga
16、ining a comprehensive understanding of the theme even if they (9) . ConclusionLiterary analysis is a(n) (10) approach that offers readers answers or solutions to their questions and dilemmas.（分数：50.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：core abstractions）解析：听力原文The Purpose of Literary AnalysisGood morning, everyone. Today
17、Id like to talk about literary analysis, and specifically, its purpose.We all know that for the millennia during which literature has existed, scholars, intellectuals, and lay people have unceasingly engaged in the act of analyzing it. Whatever the variety of analytical approaches to literature migh
18、t be, literary analysis is in itself a universal necessity when approaching a text, and cannot be escaped on some level. Literary analysis enables readers to fully grasp the core abstractions which an author has bestowed upon his work. Furthermore, it is indispensable in rendering the literature rel
19、evant, both to the individuals own life and to an understanding of the universal human condition.When any author creates a work of literature, he does so starting with a set of basic intellectual premises, fundamental assumptions that permeate the entirety of his work. The author has chosen to creat
20、e a work of literature as a vehicle for transmitting those premises to his readers. On their own, as floating abstractions detached from the empirical observation and the detailed logical reasoning, the authors premises cannot be readily communicated to a reader who does not grasp them already. An a
21、uthor who holds individualism as a basic premise, for example, will find difficulty in communicating it by simply stating, I believe in individualism. If, however, he offers a lucid analysis of the superiority of individualism over the alternatives, which is filled with realistic examples of why thi
22、s is so, then his convictions become far more persuasive. Better yet, he might write a story, a series of rationally structured fictional events, which a reader could approach as if it were a concrete experience. All knowledge, at its root, is derived from sensory experience and observation. Thus, a
23、 work of literature, by recreating an environment of observation through the events and descriptions within it, aims to allow the reader to tap into the source of the premises the author seeks to communicate. Thereby, the reader is given the foundation from which to proceed in understanding and iden
24、tifying with the authors abstract ideas.When the reader sees a literary text before him, the author has already done the work of translating his guiding premises into a concrete presentation. The task of the reader, then, becomes to fathom the concrete presentation in such a manner as to derive the
25、abstract premises from it, thereby participating in an act of intellectual discovery which the author has facilitated for him. All literary analysis is, in essence, such a process of discovery. It aims toward an understanding of the authors guiding abstractions by identifying literary concretes: the
26、 characters, events, descriptions, dialogues, and stated ideas of a narrative, and discerning their relevance to the work as a whole and its central themes. Whereas, in writing a work of literature, the author begins at the abstract level and, from it, crafts the concretes of his narrative, the read
27、er must begin at the concrete level and reach the level of abstraction via literary analysis.Furthermore, a work of literary merit must offer an insight, principle, or example valuable to the individual reader. Aside from discovering the authors intentions and guiding principles in writing a work, t
28、he reader must inquire of himself, What benefits to my own life and understanding might I extract from this text? The insights the reader might seek to derive through literary analysis can be positive or negative. A text can offer models to emulate, or examples of what not to apply to ones own life.
29、 The reader can even disagree with the authors worldview or ideas of desirable conduct and, through literary analysis, discover the root of his divergence from the author. In this respect, the undertaking of literary analysis is necessarily didactic, even if the author did not create his text with a
30、 didactic purpose. Literary analysis is a process of cognitive discrimination, in that the reader must be selective in what he does and does not derive from the authors premises. In analyzing a text, the reader interacts with these premises by filtering them through his own.Aside from individual rel
31、evance, a worthy work of literature has a universal relevance, either to an aspect at the core of the general human condition, or at the root of some widespread field of human endeavor. The author, as a human being, enters the writing process with certain assumptions, implicit or explicit, regarding
32、 a set of universal human themes, including the nature of life, consciousness, volition, and human action, the meaning and possibility of success and happiness, and the status of the individual himself. In addition, the author might hold a set of views which are more narrowly targeted, but still pot
33、entially relevant to a wide array of human beings. While the conflict between the individual and the almighty totalitarian state in George Orwells 1984, for example, is not a historical universal, Orwell used it to arrive at an understanding of the meaning of a universal human concept, freedom. He t
34、hen used this understanding to analyze, through the eyes of Winston Smith, the manner in which a totalitarian state necessarily robs an individual of his freedom and, by implication, his very humanity. The task of the reader in conducting literary analysis becomes to discover the pathway by which th
35、e specifics of a given literary presentation can arrive at truths which are relevant to humans in general. The truths thus discovered will transcend the accidents of time, culture, history, and geographical location. Furthermore, such a comprehensive universal understanding is valuable irrespective
36、of the readers agreement with the authors approach to the human condition. If the reader is of a different opinion, he can simply use his knowledge of the authors worldview to pinpoint where and how he disagrees with it. Thus, the reader, through literary analysis, will still attain his own positive
37、 understanding of the essential and inescapable issues pertaining to man.Therefore, we can see there are mainly three purposes of literary analysis: to discover the authors basic premises, to attain individual value from the literary work, and to derive from it knowledge concerning the universal hum
38、an condition. Literary analysis, like any other systematic approach to things, offers the demystification of ideas and of reality. Instead of being perpetually confined by a set of irresolvable questions and dilemmas, man can obtain the answers through literary analysis, by means of a deliberate, ta
39、rgeted, rational treatment of the text.Today Ive talked about the purpose of literary analysis. I hope my lecture can help you better appreciate literature. Thats it for today.填空项1:_（正确答案：assumptions）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：analysis）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：events）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：literary concretes）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：insig
40、hts）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：cognitive）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：explicit）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：disagree）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：systemic）解析：三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：25.00)(1).Which of the following is INCORRECT about David Bach?A. He is a psychologist. B. He is a financial advisor.C. He is a psychiatrist. D. He is a best-selling author.（分
41、数：5.00）A.B.C.D.解析：听力原文W: Many people dream of making it big, buying a bigger house, designer clothes and a nicer car, but with a record number of millionaires now living right here in the United States, an age-old question is now front and centercan money really buy happiness? Best-selling author Da
42、vid Bach is a psychiatrist and a money advisor on CNBCs The Millionaire Inside. Going from rags to riches, he says he found happiness but it wasnt just about dollars and cents. Morning, David.M: Good morning, Maggie.W: What do you think that makes people happy then, if they have no money?M: Well, I
43、think what most Americans really want is freedom. We are in the land of the free, but when three out of four people are living paycheck to paycheck, they dont feel free. So I think there are a lot of opportunities for the average American to become what I call an automatic millionaire, which means p
44、aying yourself first, saving one hour a day of your income and spending less.W: Do you mean that the people having different levels of life all have the same feeling?M: Absolutely. You may have different levels of life. You have the survival level, or someone really is living paycheck to paycheck. T
45、hen you have security, where someone as you might basically need to cover. Maybe theyve got six months to a year with the expenses put aside. Once you get passed a year of expenses, youll start to become free.W: You also say that happiness is not as simple as making more money.M: Yes. The more money
46、 you have, the more you need to spend anyway. People dont know how to keep their money. And people dont know how to spend it wisely.W: We spend so much time in our lives trying to make money. We must believe its going to bring us happiness. But the research you have ever done about it is kind of mix
47、ed, isnt it?M: Well, the research is mixed. And I think part of the reason for that is that people acknowledge in their souls, if not in their wallets, that it wont make them happy. Most people dont marry for money; most people dont pursue careers simply for the money. There are a lot of teachers in America, who wont trade their jobs for a sale
