1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷91及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.NEET problem is rampant all over the world as economic development slows down nowadays. How to solve this problem has become a hot issue for public debate. Read the excerpts carefully and write your respons
2、e in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions about NEET; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. A report indicat
3、ing that one in eleven college graduates have been jobless for a year has raised public concern and caused heated discussions among the countrys Internet community.The educationist In a blog, Xiong Bingqi, vice-president of the 21st Century Education Research Center, quoted a 2012 Graduate Employmen
4、t Report , which showed that 570,000 of 6. 8 million college graduates in 2011 remained jobless one year after graduation. Among them, more than 100,000 neither go to school or work nor receive vocational skills and rely on support from their parents. This is known as the NEET (Not in Education, Emp
5、loyment or Training) group. Xiong blamed university education for not preparing students for Chinas fast-developing society and high demanding employers. The lack of career planning and aimless job searching are two reasons why so many college graduates cannot get work, with many more developing a j
6、ob-hopping habit, he said.Netizens Jack, head of an advertising agency: Companies want to hire a person who can get the job done on the first day of work, but few graduates can. I was tired of listening to job applicants on how they obtained their first-class scholarships and successfully led the st
7、udent union for four years, only to find out they do not know how to send a fax.Jingjin: College graduates may know theories from books, but they dont know how to put them into everyday work.Zhang Chunxia, who works for the career center of Beijing Foreign Studies University: The facility has introd
8、uced courses on career planning and development. It has also invited alumni with established careers to deliver speeches to prepare students. I find those who work as university counselors and volunteer teachers, or start their own businesses are more confident than their peers as they know where th
9、eir strengths lie. Wu Ying, a graduate of Beijing Foreign Studies University, returned school this September to pursue a masters degree after being NEET for one year: Its a vicious circle. You cannot find a job so you go back to school. Then you know less about the job market and still cant get a jo
10、b when you graduate for the second time. Li Ming: Many college graduates who grew up in the 1980s have a narrower definition of a good job than the older generation. Many would rather stay at home jobless if they failed to get a stable or high-paid job. Xiangzuounique: If young people only consider
11、government jobs as secure and decent, they lose an opportunity to enjoy life. Zhong Shan, a graduate from Fudan University: Im opting for a gap year after graduation as a buffer to job-hunting. I went to Sichuan Province in western China to teach rural children. It enriches my experience, but the re
12、ality is that I still have to face the fierce competition in the labor market in the near future. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_3.Debate about the policy to raise the retirement age of Chinese workers has been raging in China for the past few years. The compulsory retirement age
13、 in China is now 60 for male, 55 for female white-collar workers and 50 for female manual laborers. The following excerpts offer opinions from different channels about this issue. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the op
14、inions from every side; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.The media Beijing Times: Even if authorities bind older people to their positions
15、by raising the retirement age, these workers might not contribute much to overall productivity; worse still, there might not be sufficient jobs for young people who enter the job market because older people are still working. Thats a possible negative result of delaying the retirement age, and polic
16、ymakers need to be alert to it. Beijing Youth Daily: The ministry said Chinese workers retire at a quite early age. What they havent told us is Chinese peoples average life expectancy is low compared with developed countries, too. Japanese males retire five years later than Chinese males but they li
17、ve about eight years longer. Therefore it is not fair for Chinese workers to retire at the same age as their counterparts in developed economies.The general public Satsu from Japan: In Japan people who officially retire at the age of 60 can still work for several years ( until 65) for half or less o
18、f their last salary because the retirement allowance is not enough for a decent life after work. The official state pension sets in at the age of 65 (probably soon 67) only. Eudaimonia from Greece: I think that it should be relevant to the type of work that the person is doing and the average life e
19、xpectancy in the country. What this means? This means that, for example; If somebody works in very poor working conditions, he should get early retirement. Theres absolutely no reason for women to retire earlier than men; if anything, it should be the other way around since women live longer. Tigerf
20、ish from the UK: Weve done it in the UK too, but the problem is that we still have a huge youth unemployment problem. Employers are not taking on the new graduates and school leavers, so they just hang around streets and cause problems and manual workers are just not fit enough to keep going, and en
21、d up needing more medical help. Vivian from China: The retirement age should be left as it is. If people want to retire earlier they should be encouraged to do so. The whole idea is to give the young people a chance to fill these positions and get a start in life. Icwu from France: Delaying the reti
22、rement age to 65 for men and 60 for women makes sense. However, its even better if its coupled with delaying job entry for youths by 1 -2 years by introducing military training or community service (like the peace corps practice in the US in the past) or non-paid apprentice training (like that pract
23、iced in Germany) for our youths. These options will not only benefit our youths but also solve many employment problems as a result of delayed retirement. Laowai2 from the US: The same thing is happening in most countries with a welfare system. People are living longer, so they require pensions for
24、more years. In Chinas case, women are probably receiving pensions for over 20 years. Although people pay into a pension fund, this does not cover their future pensions. Pensions are financed out of current taxation, so it is our children who will actually fund our pensions. Write your response on AN
25、SWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_4.As the number of Chinese people owning private cars is expected to continuously rise as a result of their growing wealth, greater awareness of traffic rules and stronger enforcement of them are urgently needed to reduce incidents of dangerous driving and road rage. Read t
26、he excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the authors opinion about road rage; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instr
27、uctions may result in a loss of marks. Road Rage Threatens Safety China is now the worlds largest car market, but unfortunately this has failed to result in a corresponding improvement in driving skills and road etiquette among its drivers. More than 17 million cases of road rage have been handled s
28、o far this year, the traffic authorities said on Monday, a day before the Fourth National Traffic Safety Day. Driving angrily has proved a big contributor to frequent road accidents and casualties. In 2013, altogether 80,200 accidents were attributed to anger behind the wheel, a 4. 9 percent year-on
29、-year increase and the number rose by 2.4 percent in 2014. A video was recently posted on the Internet showing a driver in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, intentionally impeding an ambulance that was responding to an emergency. This sparked intense discussion about the lack of respect for tr
30、affic rules among Chinese drivers and their lack of basic road safety awareness. By the end of October, China had 276 million registered vehicles, 160 million of which are cars, and the number of drivers is 322 million. The growing congestion as a result of increased car use has also led to more dri
31、vers violating the traffic regulations. China has the highest number of road accident fatalities in the world, many of which have been directly attributed to drivers bad habits and their lack of respect for traffic rules. The continuing rise in the number of drivers means that greater efforts have t
32、o be made to raise drivers traffic awareness and prompt them to obey traffic rules so as to reduce the number of killers on the road. Road rage is aggressive or angry behavior by a driver of an automobile or other motor vehicle. Such behavior might include rude gestures, verbal insults, deliberately
33、 driving in an unsafe or threatening manner, or making threats. Road rage can lead to altercations, assaults, and collisions which result in injuries and even deaths. It can be thought of as an extreme case of aggressive driving. The following are common manifestations of road rage: generally aggres
34、sive driving, including sudden acceleration, braking, and close tailgating, cutting others off in a lane, or deliberately preventing someone from merging, sounding the vehicles horn or flashing lights excessively, and driving at high speeds in the median of a highway to terrify drivers in both lanes
35、. More than 17 million cases of road rage have been handled by police in China this year as authorities struggle to teach drivers in the worlds largest car market better road etiquette. On the eve of National Traffic Safety Day, which fell on Wednesday, the Ministry of Public Security described road
36、 rage as a major traffic safety issue. Chinese traffic police have been busy handling cases involving road rage like arbitrary lane changes and dangerous overtaking this year as the worlds largest car market struggles to equip its drivers with better road etiquette. Write your response on ANSWER SHE
37、ET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_5.In the Information Age, the mass media have been playing an ever more important role in shaping our society. In the following excerpt, the author lists the benefits as well as the setbacks brought about by the mass media. Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in abou
38、t 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the authors opinion about the mass media; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. We are t
39、old the mass media are the greatest organs for enlightenment that the world has yet seen; that in Britain, for instance, several million people see each issue of the current affairs programme, Panorama. It is true that never in human history were so many people so often and so much exposed to so man
40、y intimations about societies, forms of life attitudes other than those which obtain in their local societies. This kind of exposure may well be a point of departure for acquiring certain important intellectual and imaginative qualities, width of judgment, and a sense of the variety of possible atti
41、tudes. Yet in itself such exposure does not bring intellectual or imaginative development. It is no more than the masses of stone which lie around in a quarry and which may, conceivably, go to the making of a cathedral. The mass media cannot build the cathedral, and their way of showing the stones d
42、oes not always prompt others to build. For the stones are presented within a self-contained and self-sufficient world in which, it is implied, simply to look at them, to observefleetinglyindividually interesting points of difference between them, is sufficient in itself. Life is indeed full of probl
43、ems on which we have toor feel we should try tomake decisions, as citizens or as private individuals. But neither the real difficulty of these decisions, nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual, can often be communicated through the mass media. The disinclination to suggest real c
44、hoice, individual decision, which is to be found in the mass media, is not simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy. It is within the grain of mass communication. The organs of the Establishment, however well-intentioned they may be and whatever their form (the State, th
45、e Church, voluntary societies, political parties), have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked, and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which, though they go through the dispute and enqui
46、ry, do not break through the skin to where such enquiries might really hurt. They will tend to move, when exposing problems, well within the accepted cliche assumptions of the society and will tend neither radically to question these cliches nor to make a disturbing application of them to features o
47、f contemporary life. They will stress the stimulation the programs give, but this soon becomes an agitation of problems for the sake of the interest of that agitation itself; they will therefore, again, assist a form of acceptance of the status quo. There are exceptions to this tendency, but they ar
48、e uncharacteristic. The result can be seen in a hundred radio and television programs as plainly as in the normal treatment of public issues in the popular press. Different levels of background in the readers or viewers may be assumed, but what usually takes place is a substitute for the process of arriving at judgment. Programs such as this are noteworthy less for the stimulation they offer than for the fact that that stimulation ( repeated at regular intervals) may become a subs
