1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷73及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.A city in Jiangsu Province put a new regulation into practice whereby police authorities reward residents with certain amount of money who volunteer to make peace in neighborhood quarrels, mediate in civil
2、disputes or, help in putting out fires. The reward system has triggered debate nationwide. The following are opinions from different media on whether voluntary services should be financially rewarded. Read them carefully and write your response NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summari
3、ze briefly the arguments on both sides; 2. give your commentXian Evening Daily Its understandable if people worry benevolent actions are tainted by money. But that does not mean the advocacy of high moral standards should also be separated from material rewards. Proper material rewards will attract
4、more people to participate in voluntary services, and enable the lifting of societys moral standards to the greatest extent. No laws forbid payment to volunteers. Its wise for the local government to encourage more people to take part in voluntary services by offering financial rewards within its ca
5、pacity.Chengdu Daily For a long time, it is taken for granted that a person should not let his or her name be known to others or ask for a return when he or she has done a good deed. But in reality, people also value the virtue of feeling a debt of gratitude for others kindness. The reward system of
6、fers an effective mechanism to ensure security volunteers themselves can also benefit from their good deeds. This practice satisfies people of high moral standards psychologically and materially and in the meantime encourages other peoples enthusiasm. When they know theyll be rewarded for their good
7、 deeds, more people will be prepared to do so and gradually the whole of society will make progress toward good order.China Daily To encourage people to offer voluntary services through rewards is well intended. But the ensuing wide participation in voluntary services is based on the incentive of mo
8、ney. So if material rewards fail to become a regular practice later because of the governments cutting of financial support, will the public maintain their enthusiasm? More worrying is, once moral behavior starts to become measurable in money, a series of side effects will arise. People may tend to
9、create disputes deliberately and earn money through mediating their settlement. If this happens, the government will have to change the policy or pay up. The government does need to encourage peoples volunteering spirit, but it seems improper to connect good deeds to cash rewards.Sina Volunteers are
10、 those who never care about a return when they offer help to others and contribute to society. Since they are willing to be volunteers, they dont do it to be rewarded. If they do it for money, they are not volunteers in a real sense. Benevolence can never be measured in money. When people do good de
11、eds solely for money, can we expect volunteers to maintain noble intentions in doing so? We have seen many examples of using money and material rewards to encourage good deeds. Money is employed to reinforce the sense of morality remaining in peoples hearts. The tragedy is the majority of such attem
12、pts fail. Good people deserve rewards, but a reward is not necessarily expressed in money. To connect good deeds to money is self-contradictory and will never be a good shortcut to raising peoples moral standards.（分数：2.00）_3.As the worlds richest people, Bill Gates and Warren Buffett call on wealthy
13、 people to devote half of their wealth to public welfare and charitable causes. Some government officials even proposed it should be made mandatory for billionaires to donate money to charity. The fallowings are opinions on whether billionaires should be forced to donate money. Write an article of N
14、O LESS THAN 800 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the arguments; 2. give your commentYvette Cazobon from the US As a very American American, I strongly believe in freedom all the way, there would be so much uproar about people being forced to donate, that is would not be considered do
15、nating, it would be taxes that dont go to the government. There are also many millionaires/billionaires donating already, Bill Gates has donated 28 billion himself, and it seems like people think he still does not donate enough. The average American makes less than 2 million in their life, I think 2
16、8 billion is VERY generous donation. And that is just Bill Gates, dont forget the other rich people donating. To summarize, its their money, they can do what they so chose, so dont try to force people to give away money, because people are already doing it themselves.Frances Snead from Mexico Every
17、religion in the world demands caring for the poor, sick and needy. It is the obligation of the rich everywhere to help those less fortunate not only for religious and humanitarian reasons but to contribute to the economic growth and development of the country. Habitually poor people breed revolution
18、 and destruction. Millions of Mexicos poor have no land, no job prospects and no hope of improving their life, especially the native tribal people who have been subjugated by the Spanish for centuries. It is obscene to think one man has all that wealth at his disposal and would not assist his countr
19、y and its people.James Alex from the UK Billionaires should donate the vast majority of their personal wealth. Since much of these billionaires money is tied to stocks which they cant really sell without their companies going down with them, it makes sense that people such as Bill Gates will still h
20、ave extraordinary net-worth. But anything they dont need for a reasonable day to day and supporting their families should go to charity. The same goes for all people.Kanhaiya Kumar from India I think billionaires should donate enormous sums of money to charity, and I do mean charity and not freeload
21、er. Im an idealist and I believe that to whom much is given or even of whoever earns infinitely more than he needs, much is expected. In a world where opportunity is astronomically unequal, having lots of money just for ones self while there are millions of people in the world living in poverty just
22、 doesnt make sense.Manala Aigbi from Brazil I believe billionaires have worked hard for their money and should not be taxed twice just because they are richer than the average person. Maybe a progressive system of taxation should be introduced and utilized by the government and in regards to billion
23、aires being more involved in charity. Of course, most billionaires should be interested in well being of less privileged individuals, as our care for each other is what makes us human.（分数：2.00）_4.Nowadays in China, quite a handful of philanthropist choose to do charities in a high-profile manner. Wh
24、en they donate money and/or basic necessities, they would make sure that the camera and the press are present. The following two excerpts are two attitudes towards high-profile charity. Read them carefully and write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly t
25、he arguments on both sides; 2. give your comment.Excerpt 1Feng Xiaogang from We shouldnt only see the motives of their donation but also see the good results. Do they really donate money or just give out rubber checks? Is the effect of helping poor people achieved? Even if they do display ostentati
26、ous altruism, we should allow people to brag about their good deeds. I dont think there is anything wrong with high-profile charity. Who said charity should only be low-profile? Nowadays, if rich people dont donate money, they will be criticized as being stingy. If they donate too much money, they w
27、ill be criticized as being ostentatious. This is really not good for the healthy development of Chinas charitable undertakings. People argue the high-profile approach could be used for self-publicity and advertising. I think that donating money to poor people to gain fame and popularity is much bett
28、er than pouring money into advertisements on TV or the Internet for fame and popularity. If all enterprises poured their money into helping poor people for publicity, poor people would be more than happy to accept it.Excerpt 2Jin Ganglang from I strongly oppose high-profile charity. If you wander a
29、round the streets, you will see many signs asking to donate money to needy people and help the poor. You would think you live in heaven. But, with second thoughts, you realize they are just promotional activities merchants mount to make money. Here, charity is not the final purpose but a means of ga
30、ining financial profit. Its totally understandable for merchants to take profits as their main purpose, but they should achieve this purpose from advanced technology and the good quality of their products. But if they candy-coat charity and gain profit by relying on the sympathy of customers, its to
31、tal deception and should be denounced by all. I feel that we are now farther and farther away from true philanthropy and nearer and nearer to deception and hypocritical behavior. In todays world, the result is more important than the means. In order to achieve a purpose, any method is allowed. There
32、fore, people argue that, as long as a great amount of money is donated, we shouldnt be too critical about merchants hidden agendas. Thats totally wrong and a twisted concept of charily. As a matter of fact, charity is quite simple. The donation itself has significant meaning, not the amount of money
33、. Whats more important is the concept of helping others. Dont use charity as a tool for fame or profit. No one should look upon charity as an investment. The real essence of charity is treating people around you well, not being greedy and not bullying others.（分数：2.00）_5.How we die, as well as how we
34、 live, has profound and lasting effects on the environment. China now is advocating environmentally friendly funerals, hut most people still prefer traditional burial ceremonies. The following excerpt reveals the development of eco-funeral in China. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in whi
35、ch you should: 1. summarize briefly the article; 2. express your opinion towards this practice. Go Green, in Death as in Life A new type of funeralthe ecological funeralis being advocated by Chinas government and media, with suitable memorial parks established in many areas. Ecological funerals refe
36、r to new tree funerals, flower funerals, grass funerals and water funerals. In the first three types, the ashes of the deceased person are spread on earth in which trees, flowers or grass is planted. In water funerals, the ashes are scattered over a river or the sea. Such funerals represent Chinas s
37、econd reform of funeral customs. In the first reform, cremation replaced burials. Now the ashes are not retained, but are returned to nature. In many ways, ecological funerals meet the needs of the times, especially in our cities. The Chinese population is getting older faster, and there is a shorta
38、ge of land, so there is a risk of having nowhere to build traditional cemeteries. With the Chinese tradition of lavish funeral ceremonies, burial costs are spiralling. In some cases, a funeral can cost more than a house, and people speak of being able to afford to live, but not to die. Ecological fu
39、nerals use little or no land. What they do use is not covered with a gravestone, but with plants. As it happens, Chinas Tomb-Sweeping Festival fell in April, just as plants are growing and flowering. Memorial parks will double as green spaces. Popularising this practice would save both costs and lan
40、d, and increase the amount of green space. Despite all this, however, many media reports published after this years Tomb-Sweeping Festival showed that only a minority of people choose ecological funerals. The old burial practices have existed for thousands of years. You cant replace them overnight,
41、says Zhu Huamin, head of the Shanghai Burial Culture Institute. I think for some time to come, ecological funerals will only be accepted by some people. Attachment to the idea of traditional funerals is the greatest current obstacle to ecological funerals in China. Despite the earlier reforms, crema
42、tion still is not accepted in rural areas, and 50% of Chinese funerals involve burial. The success or failure of this second round of reform rests on changing those deep-rooted cultural beliefs. In order to meet targets during the earlier reforms, local governments attempted to make cremation compul
43、sory, but to little effect. Burials took place in secret, and corruption resulted, especially in rural areas. Di Yingqi, a representative in the National Peoples Congress, argues that a funeral law should be drafted, providing for a range of funeral styles. Chinas long-standing sustainable developme
44、nt strategy requires a shift to the environmentally friendly in the economic, social and cultural sectors. Funeral practices are no different, but using legal and administrative measures to do so will have little effect, at best. You cannot force cultural changes. It is not a matter of law and insti
45、tutions, but of raising environmental awareness among the people. Then will choose more environmentally friendly ways of lifeand deathof their own accord.（分数：2.00）_专业英语八级（作文）-试卷73答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_解析：2.A city in Jiangsu Province put a new reg
46、ulation into practice whereby police authorities reward residents with certain amount of money who volunteer to make peace in neighborhood quarrels, mediate in civil disputes or, help in putting out fires. The reward system has triggered debate nationwide. The following are opinions from different m
47、edia on whether voluntary services should be financially rewarded. Read them carefully and write your response NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the arguments on both sides; 2. give your commentXian Evening Daily Its understandable if people worry benevolent actions are tainted by money. But that does not mean the advocacy of high moral standards should also be separated from material rewards. Proper material rewards will attract more people to participate in voluntary s
