1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷71及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.There are a number of beauty contests across the world, the most famous perhaps being the Miss World Pageant. Some people believe that these contests are an important platform to celebrate the beauty and wi
2、sdom of women. The following are opinions from two women writers. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the arguments on both sides and then 2. give your comment on the statement that beauty contests are beneficial to women.Naomi Wolf, writer, and author of Be
3、auty Myth The most obvious detrimental effect of beauty pageants is enforcing an inappropriate body perception for men and women. Unlike the majority of so-called average women, the beauty of such contests participants is cherished and rehearsed; this is the case when natural beauty is heavily suppo
4、rted by the efforts of visagistes and dressers. Though pageants represent the absolute minority of the society, their appearances set high, unrealistic standards for how women of all ages should look like. Young girls who try to live up to these standards, mature women complaining about their bodies
5、, men who demand their wives/girlfriends to look like beauty pageantsall of them are affected by the illusions propagated by beauty contests. Another perception issue arises from the very nature of beauty conteststhe objectification of women. Despite proclaimed gender equality, physical attractivene
6、ss remains one of the major requirements for women today. No matter how progressive and tolerant people strive to be, they still make their first impression about other people by their appearance, and this is natural. However, the idea of beauty contests implies evaluating women solely on their phys
7、ical shape, ignoring all other aspects of individuality. Interviewing, meant to show a contestants personality, is a fraud; as one of the former pageants wrote, none of the judges wanted to hear about deep problems, asking about the most challenging childhood experiences. This turns a woman into a m
8、edia object, or even a product, which can be assessed and then either approved or rejected; due to the popularity of beauty contests, such attitude is being widely propagated.Elizabeth Day, feature writer for The Observe In an environment where women are valued on solely on their appearance, and in
9、which there are more opportunities for men, beauty contests give women an opportunity to improve their situations. Winning a beauty contest can be a first step toward a successful life in the future; the most attractive earn 12% more, according to a survey in The Observer. Many Hollywood actresses a
10、re former beauty queens, and they would not have reached their success without the beauty contests they won. In addition, the winners of high-profile beauty contests are able to publicize charities and causes they feel strongly aboutthey have a public platform they could not otherwise have gained. B
11、eauty pageants can also empower in other ways: The Miss America competition is the largest provider of scholarship assistance for women in the world; indeed it pioneered assistance for women in higher education in the 40s and 50s.（分数：2.00）_3.Chinese people are no longer strangers to food-safety cris
12、isthe contaminated vinegar, the meat that glowed in the dark, the exploding watermelons, the mushrooms imbued with bleach, the pork so dosed with chemicals to make it lean and the infamous melamine-tainted milk. The following news report provides detailed information about this issue. Write an artic
13、le of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the news report; 2. give your comment, especially on what are the major causes of food-safety crisis in China. Food Safety Top Concern in China In China, where food safety scandals are commonplace, the public have to be extra ca
14、reful before every bite. Reports of meat injected with steroids and unhealthy animals butchered for consumption give new weight to the phrases beef up and sick as a pig. There have been reports of problems from every link in the production chain. Even agricultural produce, it seems, is not safe. A h
15、uge batch of bean sprouts was seized after they were found to contain worrying amounts of controlled chemicals. Last July, Shanghai Husi Food Co. Ltd, a supplier to leading fast food brands including McDonalds, KFC and Pizza Hut, were discovered using expired meat in their products. Six of the compa
16、nys senior executives were arrested. The revised Food Safety Law comes into effect on Oct. 1, and brings harsher punishment for the adulteration of food intended for our plates. An annual China Youth Daily survey in March found that food safely was the publics top concern. In response to a list of q
17、uality of life issues including housing and the environment, 77.3 percent of respondents said food safety mattered most to them. The new law should rebuild confidence in the domestic food industry. Those found to have added substances unfit for human consumption to food could be jailed for up to 15
18、days, and producers may face fines of up to 30 times the value of their products. The amendment includes provisions for landlords and suppliers found to be complicit, at any stage of the production chain, in the adulteration of food. Should officials with food and drug regulators, or health and agri
19、culture departments, be found negligent or involved in concealment, they will face administrative penalties, such as demotion or dismissal. Producers will now have to run tests on their products, conduct regular inspections and submit reports to regulatory bodies. Earlier this month, the Premier lau
20、ded the revamped Food Safety Law and its zero tolerance stance. He advised that a tracking system, which would record and monitor the whole food production process, should be established. Zhang Gaoli, a vice premier and head of a ministerial food safety committee under the State Council, called for
21、strict supervision of food manufacturers and distributors. Wang Yang, another vice premier, concurred with his colleague and stressed the importance of risk management. He also reminded local governments that they must assume responsibility for food quality. The State Administration for Industry and
22、 Commerce has started to draw up a black list of firms, as a stepping stone toward a system to monitor corporate conduct. An administration official said last June that better records detailing the food companies conduct would be kept, and they would be made available to the public to ensure an envi
23、ronment of honesty.（分数：2.00）_4.A childs world is supposed to be fresh and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. Unfortunately, this is not the case for some kids, especially for those born and bred in cities. Their joys are dimmed and even lost to study. In the following news report, you can fin
24、d more details about this phenomenon. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the main idea of the news report, and then 2. express your opinion towards this phenomenon. Chinas Children Too Busy for Playtime Like most other Chinese children of her age, Zhuzhu, a
25、t the age of 12, has to go to school from Monday to Friday, nine hours a dayan hour more than her parents spend at work. On weekends, she has to get up early for piano lessons on Saturday and Sunday morning, followed by private extracurricular Maths and English classes the afternoon. As a reward for
26、 her hard work, Zhuzhus parents let her play with her toys for one hour on Saturday and Sunday evening. Zhuzhu is not alone. According to a new survey conducted by the Chinese Youth and Children Research Center (CYCRC), increasing numbers of children in large cities across the country are experienci
27、ng joyless childhoods. The CYCRC surveyed 2,500 primary and secondary school pupils across the country. The results of the survey reveal how, due to long school hours and growing pressure from parents to study hard, children are feeling unhappy about a lack of playtime. On average, Chinas children s
28、pend 8.6 hours a day at school, with some spending 12 hours a day in the classroom. The survey also claimed that the majority of children spend longer hours at school than their parents spend at work. Almost all of the students involved in the survey said they had to do homework, revise and prepare
29、for classes after school. Around half of the students parents testified that they often dont allow them to play outside as it means less study time. The CYCRC survey also reveals that when they do have spare time for play, many children are either too tired to play or have nobody to play withonly 4
30、in 10 of the surveys participants claim they had friends to play with. Indeed, Sun Yunxiao, director of the CYCRC noted that heavy study loads have exhausted children, more than half of the surveys participants said that what they want most is, A good nights sleep. Chinese students are put under eve
31、r-increasing pressure by their parents to study hard due to the countrys highly competitive market for university places and jobs. Study pressure has led to an increase in stress, psychological problems and even tragedy. Last June, a 16 year-old girl from Chengdu, Sichuan Province, committed suicide
32、 after failing to pass the entrance exam for a respected senior high school. In spite of persistent requests from the Ministry of Education asking parents to stop enrolling their children in extracurricular courses and requesting schools to limit homework time to one hour a night, primary and second
33、ary schools have continued to offer after school Maths and English classes, with the sole aim of sending more students to good universities. Too many students are striving for the limited places in higher education resources may be a reason for schools flout to the circulars, said Sun Yunxiao.（分数：2.
34、00）_5.Over the past generation, about 270m Chinese labourers have left their villages to look for work in cities. Many of those workers have children; most do not take them along. We call these youngsters liushou ertong, or left-behind children. It is not hard to imagine that the damage will be felt
35、 not just by the left-behind themselves but by society as a whole. The following article analyzes the problem in details. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the news report; 2. give your comment. An estimated 61 million children are left behind by t
36、heir migrant parents. Being left behind damages children in many ways. A non-governmental organisation, Growing Home, surveyed them this year and found that they were more introverted than their peers and more vulnerable to being bullied; they also had significantly higher states of anxiety and depr
37、ession than their peers. Being brought up by grandparents is a common experience worldwide, and by no means necessarily harmful. But Chinas rapid development does make it more of a problem now than it was in the past. Unlike their parents, the left-behind childrens grandparents are often illiterate;
38、 their schooling can suffer accordingly. Lastly, left-behind children are vulnerable to sexual and other abuse. Child abuse is distressingly common anyway. An analysis of 47 studies in Chinese and English this year estimated that over a quarter of Chinese children are physically abused at some point
39、 in their lives. The left behind are among the most vulnerable to such abuse, especially those in boarding schools, because any adults who might speak up for them are far away. Leaving such broader consequences aside, the decision to leave behind a child is a hard one. Why do so many migrants make i
40、t? According to a survey, two-thirds said they would not have enough time to look after them while working in the city; half said it was too expensive to bring up children there. In principle migrants might take along their grandparents rather than leaving behind their children. But the restrictions
41、 of the hukou system make that almost impossible. The hukou or household-registration document is a bit like an internal passport, giving people access to various services. When registered in the country, grandparents get a lower pension than urban dwellersand the money is not enough for them to liv
42、e in the city. The hukou system also exacerbates things by making it very hard for children registered in a rural area to get state schooling or health care in the city. Private schools that exploit the opportunity this presents are often crowded, substandard and constantly threatened with closure b
43、y city governments. On top of this vital school-leaving exams have to be sat where a child is registered. So even if children accompany their parents to the city, they are almost always sent back again at the age of 14 to prepare for the exam. Reform of the hukou system-already under way, in a piece
44、meal fashion-can address some of the problems of the left-behind and those who leave them. But given the underlying factors at work a full response will require China to build a child-welfare system almost from scratch. At its heart, the problem of the left-behind is one of misplaced hopes. Like so
45、many parents, Chinas migrants are deferring pleasure now (that of raising their children) for the hope of a better life later (to be bought with the money they earn). One result has been the stunning growth of cities and the income they generate. Another has been a vast disruption of families-and th
46、e children left behind are bearing the burden of loss.（分数：2.00）_专业英语八级（作文）-试卷71答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_解析：2.There are a number of beauty contests across the world, the most famous perhaps being the Miss World Pageant. Some people believe that these
47、 contests are an important platform to celebrate the beauty and wisdom of women. The following are opinions from two women writers. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the arguments on both sides and then 2. give your comment on the statement that beauty contests are beneficial to women.Naomi Wolf, writer, and author of Beauty Myth The most obvious detrimental effect of beauty pageants is enforcing an inappropriate body perception for men and women. Unlike the majority of so-called average women, the beauty of such contests par
