1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷113及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.The rude antics of some Chinese tourists have embarrassed many in the country, and sparked debate about how the government could discourage bad behavior. Whats your idea towards this issue? The following a
2、re opinions from different people. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Fail
3、ure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Sivarnee (China) Not every Chinese tourist is a rude one, and educated people are usually better behaved than those who have had a lower standard of education. This could be why the middle-aged or older tourists who have been deprive
4、d of or received little education tend to act more unruly. Many of them do not speak English, and some are not fluent putonghua speakers. Their knowledge of the destination country and its culture is often at best outdated or non-existent.Michael (the US) Like many commentators, I am not convinced t
5、hat Chinese travelers on the whole behave worse than other groups when traveling abroad. We Yanks, along with our German and Israeli friends, for instance, have long suffered poor reputations when traveling. My personal worst embarrassment for a compatriot happened in Rome, where I witnessed a loud
6、American in a cowboy hat, black socks, and sandals look down at the Roman Forum and say to his wife, more ruinsif youve seen one ruin, youve seen them all. Chang Jun (the US) As China rises to the second largest economy in the world, Chinese visitors are also traveling everywhere including Europe, A
7、ustralia, Southeast Asia and Latin America. Although destination countries and regions welcome the tourism dollars and the buying power, they are upset with the chaos, hassles and bad behavior some Chinese tourists bring upon their cities. In light of the Chinese tourism boom, some industry insiders
8、 believe the government should implement educational programs. For example, mandatory etiquette classes for visitors prior to their departures are encouraged to help them better behave in foreign countries and cultures.Gavin (the UK) As a nation that has quadrupled its income over the last decade, y
9、oure dealing almost exclusively with people who arent used to being abroad, and as a consequence, the Chinese dont particularly know how to holiday. They are seldom to be seen playing beach-bat with the kids, or reading Dan Brown in a sun lounger, because they dont switch off like that. The high-fly
10、ers who make it out dont strictly do downtime. Hence you find them shuffling around beachfronts in packs, wondering what exactly theyre meant to be doing when the answer is right in front of them. Theyve got the money. So theyre going on holiday because they can.Sophie (Australia) Why have the Chine
11、se risen so rapidly to join the ranks of the worlds most boorish tourists? In their defense, they are not the only tourists in the world considered to be rude. Despite all the recent media spotlight on Chinese misbehavior, Americans still rank as the worlds worst tourists, according to a recent opin
12、ion poll. And Chinese have gained wealth so quickly that they have become thrust into global tourist culture without the time to create guideposts that other nationalities might enjoy. For instance, there is no Chinese equivalent of Lonely Planet, encouraging young Chinese to go explore the world an
13、d respect the cultures and communities they enter. In many countries, Chinese are still viewed with suspicion during visa review processes. Chinese tourists always seem to travel in huge packs because joining a tour group makes getting a visa easier. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00
14、）_3.Whether it is called animal testing, animal experimentation or animal research, it refers to the experimentation carried out on animals. It is used to assess the safety and effectiveness of everything from medication to cosmetics, as well as understanding how the human body works. While supporte
15、rs believe it is a necessary practice, those opposed to animal testing believe that it involves the torture and suffering of animals. The following are opinions from two sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opini
16、ons from two sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Doctors Ted (the US) : Animal testing has improved our medicines. Animals live in an e
17、cosystem with us. And in an ecosystem, living things interact to survive. Sometimes there are sacrifices made for another species to live. Just like this one. How many of you have ever had medicine before? Everyone, right? Think about before you had that medicine, were you in pain? Had a fever? Snee
18、zing? Cough or sore throat? Or something even worse? The drugs that you used to cure yourself were tested on animals. Animals will not go extinct because of this. The animals that are used give birth to a big litter of babies and are bred just for this purpose. Everybody says that testing on animals
19、 is not accurate, but look at all the medicine that came out of it. Sally (the UK) : It should be tested because we need to stay healthy. If we dont test it on animals we will not be healthy. And its an important part of medical research. We need to make sure human patients get a safe dose of medica
20、tion. Patients feel safe if they know that their medications have been tested on animals beforehand. Jessica ( Mongolia) : Suppose there is some virus spreading over a large area, doctors and scientists are trying their best to invent a drug, and they do so, but without animal testing the drug is la
21、unched in the market. These drugs may have adverse reactions and about billions of people may die from them. Would this be good? The only answer is no. We cant sacrifice billions of people for just one animal.Zoophilists Susan Borowski (Spain) : Animals should not be tested on drugs and medication b
22、ecause it can harm them badly and they might die! These animals are harmless and we are damaging them by testing our stupid products on them. What if they die one day? It will be the scientists fault! Animals deserve better care. Laura (the UK) : Animals have feelings. It is just wrong of a person t
23、o do this to animals. They have the right to live! Just like us. Why will we take that right away? We are here in this earth to live and not to harm earth creatures. Millions of animals are dying for the cause that they dont have a fault for. The animals are suffering burns, cancer, blind, force-fed
24、 chemicals, and more. Austrorus (India) : If people keep doing this, soon animals are going to be extinct. It could affect the world in many ways. And its so hard for animals. And people love having animals as pets. We should not use drugs on them! TedM (Russia) : Instead of testing it on animals wh
25、o also have families like us, we can test it on those people who are sentenced to death because they are undeserving to live and why should they die easily. They have given pain, and they should also get that pain back. So, these prisoners are perfect to be tested drugs on. Write your response on AN
26、SWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_4.Virtue is knowledge. is a well-known proposition of Socrates, while a saying also goes, Knowledge is the mother of all virtue. Then virtue and knowledge, which makes a better person? The following are opinions from two sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your res
27、ponse in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Lorrain
28、e Smith Pangle from the US: I try to trace the argument for the primacy of virtue and the power of knowledge for long, and Socrates was more aware of the complex causes of human action and of the power of irrational passions. Yet many of Socrates teachings in fact make it difficult for humans to be
29、the rational creatures that he at first seems to claim. As I see it, virtue is not knowledge in any ordinary sense, but true virtue is nothing other than wisdom. D. F. Liu from China: Today higher education is developing very rapidly, but the behaviors of the students get increasingly unbearable. So
30、, traditional virtue becomes more and more important and urgent in campus cultural construction. We emphasize the significance of traditional virtue for university student; learning to be a man before one learns knowledge. Anurag Roy from Britain: Someone once remarked that while ignorance was the c
31、urse of God, knowledge was the important power of wings which carried one to heaven. I remember a famous Sanskrit verse says that an educated person is honored everywhere. It is knowledge that has equipped man with the limitless power with which man dominates over all beings who are physically much
32、stronger than him. Knowledge has significantly helped him to conquer the nature and this conquest has prompted human progress and civilization. Khwaja from Afghanistan: Knowledge brings power to life. But the power that comes from knowledge should be used for the progress of mankind and not be misus
33、ed. Unfortunately, however, the power of knowledge is being used by many more and more for destructive purposes. Let us hope that all human being will understand the power and importance of knowledge in life. Robertson from Uganda: I can still remember the role of knowledge formation and knowledge a
34、cquisition in my personal life. I spent my childhood in traditional African context. It was knowledge that directed me through my period as a student and a freedom fighter. During my leadership of Uganda, it was still knowledge that saved my country which was initially in need of drastic recovery an
35、d development, later in need of stable concentration on economic development. Gene from Grace: Morality is essentially the knowledge of knowing what is right and what is wrong. Though some may not realize it, our moral compasses guide us each and every day in making decisions, from thinking about ho
36、w to best save money to protect those who cannot protect themselves. Morality is vitally important because it directly affects the behavior and action of a person, which, in turn, cause other consequences outside the control of that person. In this cold, lonely world that we live in today, what is m
37、ore important than the love which binds us together and warms our souls? Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_5.Lao Tzu, the great ancient Chinese thinker, once observed in his well-known work, the Tao Te Ching, He who knows others is intelligent. He who knows himself is wise. Is it mo
38、re important to know others or to know oneself? The following are opinions from two sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance
39、, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Interviewers Bob Calderoni, Executive Chairman of Citrix: It is impossible to decide whether or not you like something until you have tried it. If you decide that youd lik
40、e to play the violin, you need to take more than one lesson before you can know whether you have any interest or ability. Its not enough to want to be a great violinist. You also have to like the hard and long training before you become one. If you would enjoy being a great violinist but hate the wo
41、rk, forget it. Mike Bond, Chief Financial Officer of Pulse Electronics: Although most students would be unhappy if they found that they had failed an advanced math course, they have actually learned a great deal about themselves. They know that they should not become engineers or physical scientists
42、, and that they should not be good at accounting work. So failing can help a student to lead a much happier life if he or she draws the right conclusion from the failing. They may then decide on their aim and choose the kind of work they would like to do. Elizabeth R. Thornton, HR Executive of Veriz
43、on Communications: If you think youre truly objective, youre wrong. The reality is we all have bias. If theyre not managed, we then may pay in lost opportunities, money, relationships, and other ways. People are naturally biased. We perceive something, and in an instant, we project our mental models
44、, our past experiences, our backgrounds, onto whatever that isa person, situation, or event. Oftentimes, we get it wrong. Once you realize that youre inherently not objective, you can get some distance and focus on the situation. It takes self-awareness.Interviewees Lynn Calpeter: I have to do my ho
45、mework before the interview. Id check with my university to see if there are any graduates working at the company Im applying for, ask my friends to grill me in a mock interview, go to the library to find newspaper clippings on the company, and maybe call their suppliers or customers. Anyway, it tak
46、es no longer to prepare well for one interview than to wander in half-prepared for five. Susan R. Meisinger: Knowing others offers great help to business of course, but it isnt easy. Learning about a wide range of people makes so much of a difference that it is definitely worth it. For example, thin
47、k of the salesperson who engages you in a conversation about your life rather than acting like they couldnt care less whether you were there or not and only going on about the product. A successful sale is often brought about simply because the salesperson acknowledges that theyre in a relationship
48、with the customer as a human being, not as a consumer. Richard A. Laxer: You have to watch your staff and get to know them as individuals. Differences must be taken into accountno two people are alike or have the same interests. As a boss, you have to understand their motives. That allows you to enhance, adjust, and align their motives with your goals. Its your job to figure out which employees best fit for certain jobs, and which for others. So the employees do all
