1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷108及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.In todays competitive world when parents are busy accomplishing their career goals, more and more children are being brought up by their grandparents. It is reported that 90 percent of children under 3-yea
2、r-old in Shanghai are being looked after by a grandparent. The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from different sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded
3、 for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Parents RexTEC (China) : Id like to take care of my child by myself, but the reality is that my wife and I have to work in another city which is far
4、away from our hometown. We have to leave our child in the hometown with my parents before we have the ability to move our baby and parents to the city. I think most young couples who are working far away from home face a similar predicament. RAJEE (India) : Grandparents are indeed an important part
5、of a growing childs life. But in my case they are so indulgent that it can really get very annoying. I am unable to discipline my daughter and inculcate good habits as they indulge her every whim and it is to them that she runs when she gets in trouble.Grandparents Austin (the UK) : As a grandparent
6、 in the UK of four, ages 12, 9, 8 and 4, I can say that a fairly high percent of grandparents that have close contact with their own children do take steps to day sit their grandchildren while their own children go to work. My children, two girls, live very close to me, both living on the same stree
7、t. We do look after children very often, because both my girls work in our business so we all pull together as and when needed. ROGERINCA (the US) : I think that whenever possible a child should be raised by his or her parents. This is what is most natural and what is best for the child. Taking me m
8、yself as an example, with advancing age I find I am not having enough energy or able to physically do all the things to my grandson that younger parents are able to do with their child.Experts Wyldsyde (Australia) : Grandparents raised their children and should not be the everyday parents of their g
9、randchildren. Raising children is the parents job. I see people all too often dumping their children off on other people for no other reason than they want to go partying or for other reasons. You had the kids, now raise them. If it means that one of you works nights while the other works days then
10、so be it. Stop pushing your duties off on other people. Bex ( China) : It is not a good phenomenon that grandparents look after grandchildren. Grandparents have been working all their lives so they deserve a break. Most importantly, the parents should take more responsibilities of their own children
11、. If you decide to have a kid, youd better be capable to look after him or her. SharkMinnow (Canada) : In Canada, children are not brought up by their grandparents. Young adults are taught to be independent and take care of their own kids. Grandparents can visit, but they do not live in the house or
12、 raise the children. If young people in Canada are not independent, financially stable to have children, then they are discouraged from doing so. Many Westerners think Chinese are immature and spoil this way in the fact that they just have their parents raise their kids. Write your response on ANSWE
13、R SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_3.It is estimated that China now has around 130 kinds of local languages, but 99 are used by fewer than 100,000 people, and 20 are used by less than 1,000 people. Most of them are disappearing from our map of language. So whether dialects should be allowed on air to preserve t
14、hem? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and lan
15、guage quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.querist I think the main CCTV channels should remain in putonghua, but programmes can be shown in local dialects on local channels, ideally with subtitles or captioning available, especially in the case of news pro
16、gramming.Tyne While many people say that as a form of mass media, TV and radio broadcasters are obligated to take the lead in popularizing standard putonghua. It is not a move to oppress dialects; it is only to restrict irresponsible use of language in mass media such as slang, which is very unprofe
17、ssional.maplerripple Apart from CCTV, all broadcasters should be commercially based. If people want programs in their own dialects and are willing to pay for them or companies are willing to buy commercials, why should the government intervene and lay down some crazy laws?PNP Putonghua is the nation
18、al language of China, and it should be promoted everywhere, particularly on TV and the radio! It is the lingua franca, the language that everyone in China is supposed to understand, a powerful unifying force among a nation of diverse dialectic groups! Dialects are localized languages, not widely use
19、d throughout China, just confined to the various dialectic groups, hence they should not be promoted via the mass media, certainly not on TV or the radio, not even on local stations! All local stations must help promote the national language, putonghua! It is very annoying for most people to hear di
20、alects on TV or the radio because they cant understand what is said, unless they belong to that dialectic group. The role of the mass media is to communicate important messages to people all over China; this would be defeated if dialects are popping up so often. Keep the dialects to the coffee shops
21、, street markets, etc. , but not on TV or the radio. Another very important reason why only putonghua, and no dialects, should be allowed on air, is that it is the only language that most foreigners have learned before or after arriving in China, and this is the only language that can bridge the com
22、munication gap between them and the locals. Imagine how problematic it would be for a foreigner travelling through China; he has to learn each of those local dialects as he travels to different provinces, if putonghua is not used widely there! And by the way, this problem is not limited to foreigner
23、s only, even the Chinese face the same problem. A Chinese from Shandong traveling to Guangdong is not going to be able to understand the guy in Guangdong who speaks Cantonese instead of putonghua, and vice versa!I strongly urge that putonghua be promoted and used widely, for the benefit of all, both
24、 the locals and foreigners!ngajia Cantonese has 9 tones, not 6. By the linguists rule: the more tones a language has, the more ancient it is; the most authentic Chinese dialect should be Cantonese. This could well be true as classical poems recited in Cantonese bring out both the spirit and soul, su
25、ch as the poem Manjianghong composed by the great patriot general Yuefei, who has a temple built in his honor by Lake Xihu in Hangzhou.（分数：2.00）_4.Nowadays, the mobile phone seems to be a must for everyone. Although a large number of children have mobiles until recently, it has often been the case t
26、hat schools banned the use of mobiles. Do the good things about every child having a mobile phone outweigh the bad things that result from every child having a mobile phone? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in wh
27、ich you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Brilliant: Mobile phones are expensive. Firs
28、t there is the cost of buying the phone. Then there are all the charges for using it. Often there are more charges for downloading apps and other extras. Sometimes we go over the limits of our call time or data allowance and are charged extra. Finally there may be extra costs when the phone needs to
29、 be replaced or upgraded. The average cell phone bill in the United States is $ 70 for a month but it can sometimes be much higher. Clearly not every child can afford their own mobiles and often parents cant either. Emily: Having a mobile phone helps us learn in a lot of different ways. First, we le
30、arn about technologyabout how to use the mobile phone. Second, most phones today have apps to enable users to learn using the phone, or through the Internet. Phones can access online courses and lessons which can be provided in fun ways and can in some cases instantly tell you if you have the right
31、answer. It may even sometimes be possible to do homework on a phone and send it to your teacher. Even without the Internet, phones can be used to provide short assignments, or to provide reminders to study. Din-nib; Mobile phones can easily distract us. They can be a particular problem in schools wh
32、ere they discourage us and those around us from working. Using a mobile phone while doing a piece of work will reduce your concentration making it more likely to make mistakes. Mobile phones, like video games, are also a distraction from doing other things. We dont just use phones for communication
33、but also for games. Most young people spend well over an hour on their mobiles. As a result, there is much less time for other activities. Peter: Mobile phones bring us increased independence. Being able to use a mobile phone is clearly a basic skill to allow children to be independent. It means tha
34、t they are not dependent on an adult being with them for parents to know where they are. The main reason for parents being unwilling to let children out on their own is fear for their safety. This is a fear that mobiles help prevent. This increased independence has other benefits, such as teaching u
35、s to be responsible for ourselves. Eileen: Mobile phones are a part of a desire to keep up with the fashion and friends. We all want the biggest and the best. Mobile phone companies know this and regularly bring out flashy new models that are immediately the one everyone must have. The more children
36、 have mobiles, the more they are caught up in this fashion. Our compulsion to want new things all the time is not good for us. Mobile phones, as with many other electronics, are damaging to the environment. Since we buy them and often dispose of the phone only a couple of years later and finally the
37、y pile up in gigantic rubbish dumps. Mobile phones are clearly a luxury and not something that everyone should have, and we certainly should not keep buying new ones. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_5.Much as we enjoy the conveniences the Internet brings us, the threat to our priv
38、acy is getting more and more serious. We should not ignore the danger brought by this violation of our privacy. Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for con
39、tent relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Today, as companies strive to personalize the services and advertisements they provide over the Internet, the surreptitious collection of personal informati
40、on is rampant. The very idea of privacy is under threat. Most of us view personalization and privacy as desirable things, and we understand that enjoying more of one means giving up some of the other. To have goods, services and promotions tailored to our personal circumstances and desires, we need
41、to divulge information about ourselves to corporations, governments or other outsiders. This trade-off has always been part of our lives as consumers and citizens. But now, thanks to the Net, were losing our ability to understand and control those trade-offsto choose, consciously and with awareness
42、of the consequences, what information about ourselves we disclose and what we dont. Incredibly detailed data about our lives are being harvested from online databases without our awareness, much less our approval. We often assume that were anonymous as we go about our business online. As a result, w
43、e treat the Net not just as a shopping mall but as a personal diary. Through the sites we visit and the searches we make, we disclose details not only about our jobs, hobbies, families, politics and health, but also about our secrets, fantasies, even our minor offences. But our sense of anonymity is
44、 largely an illusion. Pretty much everything we do online is recorded, stored in cookies and corporate databases, and connected to our identities, either explicitly through our user names, credit-card numbers and the IP addresses assigned to our computers, or implicitly through our searching, surfin
45、g and purchasing histories. Years ago, a team of scholars from the University of Minnesota described how easy it is for data-mining software to create detailed personal profiles of individuals. The software is based on a simple principle: People tend to leave lots of little pieces of information abo
46、ut themselves and their opinions in many different places on the Web. By identifying correspondences among the data, sophisticated algorithms can identify individuals with extraordinary precision. And its not a big leap from there to discovering the peoples names. While Internet companies may be com
47、placent about the erosion of personal privacy, the rest of us should be wary. There are real dangers. First and most obvious is the possibility that our personal data will fall into the wrong hands. Powerful data-mining tools are available not only to legitimate corporations and researchers, but als
48、o to con men and creeps. Criminal syndicates can use stolen information about our identities to commit financial fraud, and stalkers can use locational data to track our whereabouts. A second danger is the possibility that personal information may be used to influence our behavior and even our thoughts in ways that are invisible to us. Personalizations evil twin is manipulation. As mathematicians and marketers refine data-mining algorithms, they gain more precise ways to predict peoples behavior a
