1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷105及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.Concerns about the long-term health consequences of being overweight have ignited a debate about school policies that make junk food available to students in school. The following are opinions from differe
2、nt sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above i
3、nstructions may result in a loss of marks. Kushner: With expert groups such as the Obesity Society urging policymakers to take into account the complex nature of the obesity epidemic, especially the interplay of biological and social factors that lead individuals to developing the disease, it is tim
4、e for governments to urge schools to put their education into practice and give students an environment that allows them to make the healthy choices they learn in class. Stolberg: Schools should educate about healthy choices, not make them on the students behalf. What the schools should be doing is
5、putting more emphasis on getting the message of the importance of a healthy lifestyle across. Our kids should be taught that this lifestyle consists of more than just whether or not we choose to eat a hamburger and fries for lunch. In short, this ban falls short of truly educating the children about
6、 how important physical activity, balanced meals and indulging in moderation are. They should also focus on the importance of choice, since in the case of childhood obesity, making the right nutritional and lifestyle choice is of paramount importance. But they should also focus on the importance of
7、choice for a society and how all should take responsibility for their choices in such a society. Fitzgerald: The simple reason is that our kids are increasingly looking not to their parents, but schools and the environment they provide, for advice on how to live their lives. There is a growing body
8、of evidence linking a healthy lifestyle, comprising of both adequate nutrition and physical exercise, with improved memory, concentration and general academic performance. A study has shown that when primary school students consume three or more junk food meals a week, their literacy and numeracy sc
9、ores dropped by up to 16% compared to the average. This is a clear incentive for governments to push forward for healthier meals in schools for two reasons. The first obvious benefit is to the students, whose better grades award her improved upward mobilityespecially important for ethnic groups stuc
10、k worst by the obesity epidemic and a lower average socioeconomic status. The second benefit is to the schools, who benefit from standardized testing scores and reduced absenteeism, as well as reduced staff time and attention devoted to students with low academic performance or behavior problems and
11、 other hidden costs of low concentration and performance of students. Harris; Even though schools may be able to coerce and compel their pupils to comply with disciplinary measures, they cannot stop children from buying sweets beyond school hours. When rules at an Orange county school changed, and t
12、he cafeteria got rid of its sweets, the demand was still up high, so that the school had to figure out a way to fix the situation. They created a candy cartwhich now brings them income for sports equipment or other necessities. One of the pupils, Edgar Coker (18-year-old senior) explained that: If I
13、 couldnt buy it here, Id bring it from home. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_3.For a long time, punishing kids who are not performing well academically has been one of the most hotly-debated topics. Should schools be allowed to punish students with bad grades? The following are op
14、inions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to
15、 follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.MisterPanda What does it teach the students when you punish them with corporal punishment? It teaches them that the use of force is always right. Im all for punishment as long as it is smart punishment ( extra lessons, community service, e
16、tc. ) and only if the children are not behaving properly. You cant punish a kid for failing an exam. If he didnt study, it means the parents didnt do their job, so parents should be punished. If he studied but failed, then it means the teacher didnt get through, so the teacher should reflect on how
17、to get through to this child.Ratfink Punishing a child for bad grades achieves nothing. Those who have studied education know that school education is a one-size-fits-all approach to teaching; it does not allow for students who do not learn by the methods employed. Its a well-known and documented fa
18、ct that there are a number of learning models and almost everyone falls into one or more categories based loosely on four main groups, eg: audible (spoken word) , tactile (hands on) , visual (seeing it done) and written (reading about it). Some children, however, will never achieve good grades; this
19、 can be due to many reasons including lack of intelligence, motivation, missing out on essential core knowledge when younger or lack of self-worth and many other reasons. So rather than punish students with poor grades it would be better to try to find out why they perform badly at school and then d
20、evise ( where possible) a working remedial solution.nl20051405 Punishment is necessary to students performance at school. For any student at school to study well and get some definite judgments from their teachers and parents is the first step to enter the real society. Some punishment or rewards ma
21、y be very necessary for the students to reach their aims at school. Competitions cannot be avoided out of campus although the bad grades just show the past experience. A good school may influence a students whole life, especially for those eager to get advanced education. Chinese usually think nothi
22、ng is as important as studying. The parents and the students themselves must have more and more specific requirements for the schools they pay for a satisfying result.foreignchinese I remembered those schooldays. The headmaster would personally distribute report cards of pupils. He handed out our re
23、port cards accompanied by his magic weapon, a cane. For each subject that we failed, we got a stroke of his stinging cane. This punishment was done in full public view. Of course we feared him as a tyrant and hated him then. Now 30 years later, things have changed. We organized dinner and events to
24、honor this headmaster and even started off charity funds. His old pupils hug him and thanked him for his strict discipline that guided us through our tender years. It was through his strict guidance that the school has produced pupils who triumphed to become doctors, architects, engineers, accountan
25、ts and lawyers. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_4.Bullying has always existed in schools. In recent years, a better understanding of the traumatic effects it can have on its victims, has increasingly highlighted how damaging a phenomenon bullying is. It can lead to serious psychol
26、ogical problems, like depression and even suicide. Should the bullies themselves in the school face the force of the law? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different o
27、pinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Graeve: Individuals should only be held responsible for the consequences of their own actions. I
28、n any free and democratic society, criminal law should only hold people accountable for the things they do, not for the actions of others. We are all autonomous, moral agents who make decisions and have to live with their consequences and the consequences of our actions. While it might be justified
29、to punish bullies for their bullying behavior, if it breaks the law, we cannot hold them accountable for another persons decision to commit suicide. Mona: The law should always punish actions that inflict serious harmwhether physical or psychological. Bullying can inflict serious psychological harm
30、on its victims, especially in the case of young people. It leads to low self-esteem, depression, and for some kids it leads to suicide. Bullied children are almost 6 times more likely to think about or attempt suicide. This phenomenon has been termed bullycide and the law should recognize it. Many f
31、orms of behavior that result in the death of another person are criminal, from murder to negligence. It is the duty of the law to brand such behavior as unacceptable, deter future incidents, punish the perpetrators, and offer comfort to victims. Jose: Defining bullying would be nearly impossible. Sp
32、reading rumors, giving someone the silent treatment, inviting all your classmates but one to a party, expressing a religious belief about someones sexuality, eye rolling, making faces, these can all be hurtful and perceived as bullying. Yet this is perfectly legal behavior. Criminalizing bullying wo
33、uld amount to criminalizing these acts. They may be offensive, they may even be hurtful, but these gestures should never, ever constitute criminal behavior in any society that is concerned with human rights, freedom of speech, and of expression. Throwing someone in prison for spreading rumors or eye
34、 rolling might be worthy of a totalitarian state, but not a liberal democracy. Andrew: The bullys intentions are irrelevant. In criminal law, the establishment of culpability(过失 ) does not always depend on the intentions of the perpetrator(犯罪者). If, during a fight on a train platform, I shove someon
35、e and that person falls on the tracks and is killed by a train, I will be guilty of manslaughter, whether I intended to kill the person or not, because the harm caused by my actions is so great. The same applies to bullying. Bullies try to hurt their victims through their actions, either physically
36、or psychologically. Whether the bully intended the victim to die or not, is irrelevant. The bullys actions were responsible for the victim taking his own life. Josheh: It is difficult to make a direct, legally sound link between a bullys behavior and a victims suicide. Many of the children and adole
37、scents who take their own lives allegedly as a result of bullying have a far more complicated background. Some already struggle with depression, and have unstable family situations that make it hard to turn to their parents for help with their problems. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2
38、.00）_5.A growing number of graduates are undergoing cosmetic surgery procedures to give themselves an edge in the job market. Do you think it is necessary for graduates to resort to plastic surgery to have an advantage in their job interviews? The following are opinions from two sides. Read the exce
39、rpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may r
40、esult in a loss of marks.Graduates A 24-year-old job hunter interviewed, who wishes to remain anonymous: When two candidates with the similar ability compete for the same position, theres no doubt that the interviewer will choose the prettier one. It is standard practice in China to enclose a pictur
41、e with your CV. I have eyelid surgery, giving me a Western double-fold lida popular look in Asiafor 260. I believe the surgery has really changed something and will improve my chances of landing my dream job. A 20-year-old administration graduate who recently had rhinoplasty: Surely it will help wit
42、h job hunting and face-to-face interviews. Based on my own personal experience, it is true that it is easier for pretty girls to find and secure jobs. Lydia Wang, a 22-year-old college senior; It took me years to make such a decision. Actually, I have disliked my eyes since I was in high school. I e
43、ventually made the decision to have my single-fold eyelids double folded early this month. The more beautiful a girl is, the easier it will be for her to get a good job.Surgery doctors Dr. Song from a plastic and cosmetic surgery clinic: It can definitely improve your prospects and competitive power
44、. I believe surgery not only makes the most of your appearance, but also boosts self-esteem, which is the key to successful job hunting. Ms Liu, from a plastic surgery hospital: Although we often say that you shouldnt judge people by the way they look, good looks can really give you an advantage. Of
45、 course ability is one thing but appearance also really matters. Appearance is the first impression you give. Mostly it is about meeting their psychological needs to make them feel more confident.Experts Prof. Gu: Due to the tight job market and crummy economy, students are under a lot of pressures.
46、 Thats why they choose to have plastic surgery. I suggest that graduates concentrate on their inner beauty. Employers consider academic performance, inner qualities and communication skills more critical than the appearance. A breezy personality is more impressive than just a pretty face. Prof. MaO:
47、 Graduates job hunting through cosmetic surgery is absolutely self despise. Undeniably, some employers join in the appearance society , such as banks and other service industries, yet not all employers do so. It is a sign of self-doubt or self-contempt to do job-oriented face work deliberately. Conf
48、idence is revealed when with the opinion: Its OK you are in the appearance society. Its OK you look down upon me. If Im not needed here, other places will need me. I wont be afraid of job hunting since I am equipped with true skills and genuine knowledge. It is more important for students when finding a job to be self-confident and honest, to know themselves and to make earlier plans, while many students ignorantly think that all obstacles in job hunting will be wiped out af
