1、专业英语八级（作文）-试卷104及答案解析 (总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）_2.In order to keep their students safe, a lot of school administrators are considering installing security cameras. Installing cameras, however, can be controversial. There have been protests and legal actio
2、n on camera installation at schools nationwide. Should more security cameras be installed in schools? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from different sides;
3、2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Teachers A teacher from Texas: Yes! Yes! Please do this. This would be the quickest way to fix our educati
4、on system at very little cost. Give parents a code to do real time virtual visits to the classroom. Observe teachers not just for accountability, but for training purposes. Get rid of behavior management problems on the spot! Schools should have glass walls and this is the easiest way to have them.
5、A teacher from Kansas: This would prevent abuse both from teachers and from students. A camera in the classroom should be able to put everyone on their best behavior. It would be a deterrent against abusive behavior. As a teacher, I would love to have a camera in the classroom as I strive to behave
6、professionally towards students. Sometimes, I encounter aggressive and inappropriate behavior. Talking to a parent of an abusive student would benefit from a short video of the incident. A teacher from New Jersey: The idea of cameras in classrooms is an absolutely sick one. It has nothing to do with
7、 pedagogy, but with prisons, terror, discomfort, guilt, etc. It induces a constant feeling of guilt, to students, as well as to teachers. If you are a real professional, as a teacher, or even if you are just a normal person, claiming a right to normality, especially in schools, you realize that came
8、ra surveillance in class is something coming from paranoid people who cannot lead the activity through normal behavior.Students Terry Piper, a student from Michigan; I feel the time is right for security cameras at my school. After all, dozens of schools in the county have already done it, and with
9、some success. There are 30 high schools in Oakland County, and every single one of them has security cameras except Seaholm and Groves. Theyve seen thefts go down. Theyve been able to solve instances of vandalism on occasion, and there have been student altercations where theyve been helpful. They a
10、lso serve as a deterrent, so you never know how many things might have happened if you hadnt had them. Joe, a student from Ohio: I think that security cameras in schools are a good idea. Having them in the entrances and the hallways is a way to cut back on school crime and protect the student popula
11、tion. However, I think that putting those cameras actually within the classrooms violates the privacy of both the students and the teachers. Knowing that someone could be watching you at all times may bring security, but its also able to distract students and teachers and could be harmful to learnin
12、g.Parents A parent: Video cameras have begun to invade privacy. These days, parents are obsessed with monitoring everything about their kids, but taping their education is not the solution. The cameras would be a distraction, and eager parents would not be able to resist watching and interfering con
13、stantly. In general, cameras are already too pervasive in society. It has created a culture of big brother watching every last action, and this prevents people from acting normally because everyone feels they are being watched. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_3.Some people suggest
14、 that universities should consider awarding more vocational courses to prepare graduates for work. However, some disagree, arguing that the purpose of university is to open up students mind, not to train them. Should there be more vocational courses in colleges? The following are opinions from two s
15、ides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above
16、 instructions may result in a loss of marks.Parents Barry: My son started a degree course at the local university, but because of his dyslexia eventually graduated with an HND, effectively the practical part of the degree. He currently works in the construction industry and earns much more than seve
17、ral of his co-students who obtained degrees in less necessary disciplines. My comments are not to undermine the value of a good degree. I worked with many degree holders who were very good at their work. It is simply to point out to us that the world needs relevant skills. Lord Digby Jones points ou
18、t the danger of unfocused degrees, and the simple fact that there are more skills in the world than those obtained from a university. Philips: Yes they should. I see many college graduates could not find a job. Though they have some fancy college degrees, they dont have the vocational skills that ar
19、e required to do a certain job. After all, many courses have a vocational element, eg: medicine, teaching, vets etc. So why not others? To an extent though, we will have to change snobbish attitudes. Some degrees such as History, English Literature, PPE are considered good but degrees such as Golf M
20、anagement, Computer Games Design are considered bad. This would encourage schools to advise on vocational courses as an option for their students rather than suggesting them opting for a course that looks good on the university entry statistics. Jacob: There should be many more vocational courses, b
21、ut they shouldnt be at universities. The conventional university approach is not suitable for vocational training. You end up with an institution which combines the weaknesses of both universities and vocational training colleges, and has the strengths of neither.University faculty Mr. Anderson: Uni
22、versities should be offering academic courses, training people to think logically and coherently, and teaching research skills. Vocational courses are the domain of technical colleges. Rachel: Vocational training is better done by employers or specialised colleges, because by its nature it is often
23、very specialised. The universities can contribute most effectively by teaching knowledge of general applicability such as mathematics, languages and science. This was the traditional approach of universities, with exceptions in the cases of law and medicine, which tend to operate as separate schools
24、 anyway, with a lot of on the job training. Back in the early 1980s Keith Joseph as Mrs. Thatchers education secretary of the state, forced the universities to move in the direction that Digby Jones is advocating, that is to offer more vocational courses. This distracted universities from their spec
25、ial role in scholarship and research. It may not be a coincidence that the decline of the UK from the leading position it previously had in the traditional fields accelerated from that time on. I suggest that we should let the universities revert to their traditional role, and then set up training c
26、olleges, or whatever, for the specialised skills required by industry. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_4.The Ministry of Education is banning universities from recruiting students based on gender. Many people say this policy will bring about true equality for female students. But
27、there are still some debates on whether it is advisable for universities to set enrollment ratios based on gender. The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from diff
28、erent sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Students Ouyang Le, a fresh graduate from a Guangzhou high school: The rules affected me. I h
29、ad wanted to study at the University of International Relations. I scored 614 on the gaokao, but as a woman, I needed 628. If I had been a man, I would have needed just 609. Most young women do not speak up, instead silently switching their major or university. It was difficult to know how many wome
30、n were affected every year, however, the number could run in the hundreds or thousands. Xiong Jing: We protest a growing trend in Chinese universities in which women increasingly must score higher than men to get in and face unofficial but widespread gender quotas that favor men. But the Education M
31、inistry responded that the practices were in the national interest. The response made us really angryits just such a pity. Its illegal too. The Education Law forbids discrimination on several grounds including gender. And the Education Ministry is allowing it. Zhou Haipeng, who graduated from colleg
32、e two years ago with a degree in Arabic studies: In Arabic countries, many local people feel more comfortable working with men. Male graduates with his major had an easier time getting a job. The majority of my classmates ended up working in companies related to the Arabic world.Teachers Zhang Ting,
33、 a teacher at Beijing No. 5 High School: I agreed with the ministrys ban on gender discrimination. The regulation reaches true equality principles, which will benefit all students equally. But it is understandable that some universities have gender requirements for some majors. It reflects the marke
34、t demand. It is better to clarify the need when entering universities instead of recruiting thousands of students who cannot land jobs after graduation.Officials Tang Shangshu, a counselor at the School of Plant Sciences: Generally speaking, boys mature later, while girls have good study habits. In
35、addition, Mr. Tang said that many jobs that once required physical labor had been replaced by labor-saving science and technologies. That had removed womens physical disadvantages, while in terms of wisdom boys may not have particularly obvious advantages. Ms. Lu, the Media Monitor program monitor:
36、Young women today have real opportunities to study, and that they are becoming so outstanding is really to their credit, their families credit and to the countrys credit. They worked so hard to get these high grades. And we cannot accept that the Education Ministry is infringing on their rights. The
37、y must respect their own laws.Comrade Lu Pin; In view of consideration of the national interest, to meet personnel training needs in some job areas or specialties, a few colleges may appropriately adjust the enrollment ratios of men and women. An official, at the Teaching Office at the China Univers
38、ity of Political Science and Law: The school did not have gender-based enrollment policies. For criminology, female students must account for less than 15 percent of students because of the nature of their future career. But women were scoring so well that in practice a higher percentage were being
39、admitted. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：2.00）_5.The academic curriculum has never been all that schools and colleges offer to their students. Often a range of other classes, clubs and activities is available to students, referred to as extra-curricular activities and they are mostly v
40、oluntary for students. Examples would include sports, musical activities, debate, community service, Young Enterprise projects etc. Whether the extra-curriculum should be attached great importance in schools and colleges? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully a
41、nd write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of mar
42、ks. Lahowl: Students have the right to be able to choose a broad education. Every child and young person are entitled to experience a broad general education. Even if a student does not aim to be a professional musician they should still have the opportunity to learn an instrument. A career is not t
43、he only, or the most important, part of an adults lifeschool needs to make sure they have interests and skills that will help them in their family and leisure life too. Megan: Extra-curricular activities are prohibitively expensive for schools. Giving a greater place in education to the extra-curric
44、ulum means that many more clubs and activities will have to be organised for students. This will be very expensive as it will require more staff and more resources to be paid for. This explains why most schools that currently offer a large extra-curriculum are well-funded fee-paying institutions. Ni
45、mmO: Extra-curricular activities have important health benefits. Most extra-curricular activities are physically active, getting the students out from behind their desks and making them try new things. Physical activity is extremely important for general health whilst ensuring that students are expo
46、sed to practical tasks, not just what is taught in class. Sport clubs and teams give students the opportunity to do physical exercise in an enjoyable environment. TVO: Making extra-curricular activities compulsory makes them less attractive to students. It will take the fun out of it and strip it of
47、 its benefits. In the end, the key is fun. Successful extra-curricular groups work precisely because the students have voluntarily chosen to be there. If some were forced to take part, they would be less enthusiastic and spoil the activity for the rest. And the more the activity is like ordinary sch
48、ool, the less attractive it will be to young people. Most of the personal development benefits associated with extra-curricular commitmentssuch as altruistic service, initiative-taking, and leadership skillscome from the voluntary nature of the activity. Estelle: Extra-curricular activities encourage interpersonal interactions that are good for building a strong civil society. Boosting the place of the extra-curriculum in schools is one way of addressing a weakness in modern society, a lack of
