1、专业英语八级35及答案解析 (总分：77.02，做题时间：130分钟)一、PART I LISTENING (总题数：1，分数：1.00)In business, many places adopt a credit system, which dates back to ancient times. At present, purchases can be made by using credit cards. They fall into two categories: one has【1】use, while the other is accepted almost everywhere
2、. The application for the use of the latter one must be made at a【2】. Once the customer starts using the card, he will be provided with a monthly statement of【3】by the credit company. He is required to pay one quarter to half of his credit【4】every month. ADVANTAGES. 1. With a card, it is not【5】to sa
3、ve up money before an actual purchase. 2. If the card is lost, its owner is protected. 3. A【6】and complete list of purchase received from the credit company helps the owner to remember the time and【7】of his purchase. 4. The cards are accepted in a(n)【8】by professional people like dentists, etc. MAJO
4、R DISADVANTAGE. The card owner is tempted to【9】his money. If this is the case, it will become increasingly difficult for the user to keep up with the required【10】, which will result in the credit card being cancelled by the credit company. （分数：1.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项
5、1:_填空项1:_二、SECTION B INTERVI(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1). What is the purpose of Professor McKays report?（分数：0.20）A.To look into the mental health of old people.B.To explain why people have negative views on old age.C.To help correct some false beliefs about old age.D.To identify the various problems of old a
6、ge.(2). Which of the following is NOT Professor McKays view?（分数：0.20）A.People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.B.There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.C.We should not expect more physical illness among old people.D.We should not expect to find old people unattra
7、ctive as a group.(3). According to Professor McKays report, _.（分数：0.20）A.family love is gradually disappearing.B.it is hard to comment on family feeling.C.more children are indifferent to their parents.D.family love remains as strong as ever.(4). Professor McKay is _towards the tendency of more pare
8、nts living apart from their children.（分数：0.20）A.negativeB.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral(5). The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is _.（分数：0.20）A.old-age sickness.B.loose family ties.C.poor mental abilities.D.difficulties in maths.三、SECTION C NEWS BR(总题数：2
9、，分数：1.00)1.According to the news, American troops in Panama （分数：0.50）A.were attacked at refugee camps.B.were angry at delays in departure.C.attacked Cuban refugee camps last week.D.will be increased to 2,000.(1).According to the news, the ice from Greenland provides information about （分数：0.25）A.oxyg
10、en.B.ancient weather.C.carbon dioxide.D.temperature.(2).Which of the following statement is CORRECT?（分数：0.25）A.Drastic changes in the weather have been common since ancient times.B.The change in weather from very cold to very hot lasted over a century.C.The scientists have been studying ice to forec
11、ast weather in the future.D.The past 10,000 years have seen minor changes in the weather.四、PART II GENERAL K(总题数：10，分数：10.00)2.The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT_.（分数：1.00）A.the Anglos.B.the Celts.C.the Jutes.D.the Saxons.3.
12、Death of a Salesman was written by_.（分数：1.00）A.Arthur Miller.B.Ernest Hemingway.C.Ralph Ellison.D.James Baldwin.4. The speech act theory was first put forward by_.（分数：1.00）A.John Searle.B.John Austin.C.Noam Chomsky.D.M. A. K. Halliday.5.The Declaration of Independence was written by_.（分数：1.00）A.Thom
13、as Jefferson.B.George Washington.C.Alexander Hamilton.D.James Madison.6.The word tail once referred to the the tail of a horse, but now it is used to mean the tail of any animal. This is an example of_.（分数：1.00）A.widening of meaning.B.narrowing of meaning.C.meaning shift.D.loss of meaning.7. _is the
14、 state church in England.（分数：1.00）A.The Roman Catholic ChurchB.The Baptist ChurchC.The Protestant ChurchD.The Church of England8. The capital of New Zealand is_.（分数：1.00）A.Christchurch.B.Auckland.C.Wellington.D.Hamilton.9.William Butler Yeats was a(n) _ poet and playwright.（分数：1.00）A.AmericanB.Canad
15、ianC.IrishD.Australian10. The President during the American Civil War was_.（分数：1.00）A.Andrew Jackson.B.Abraham Lincoln.C.Thomas Jefferson.D.George Washington.11. U. S. presidents normally serve a(n)_term.（分数：1.00）A.two-yearB.four-yearC.six-yearD.eight-year五、PART III READING (总题数：4，分数：4.00)Pundits wh
16、o want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizing. Each country is different, they say, and no one story fits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economies plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common. In
17、fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and South Korea. (Japan is a very different story.) In each case investors - mainly, but not entirely, foreign banks who had made short-term loans - all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result
18、 was a combined banking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked investors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to convert baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the
19、stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge, inflation would soar and companies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support their currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bust from the combination of deb
20、t burden and recession. In practice, countries split the difference and paid a heavy price regardless. Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most cliches, the catchphrase crony capitalismhas prospered because it gets at something real excessively cozy relationships between go
21、vernment and business really did lead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asian business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to loss of confidence. But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investments that look foolish in ret
22、rospect seemed sensible at the time. Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainly on the right track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia seemed to be going wrong; now there is a race to claim credit when some things have started to go right. The
23、International Monetary Fund points to Koreas recovery - and more generally to the fact that the sky didnt fall after all - as proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF clients have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia - which refused IMF help, and horrif
24、ied respectable opinion by imposing capital controls - also seems to be on the mend: Malaysias Prime Minister, by contrast, claims full credit for any good news - even though neighboring economies also seem to have bottomed out. The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably co
25、nclude that none of the policies adopted either on or in defiance of the IMFs advice made much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, banking reform - whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no more money to run, the natu
26、ral recuperative powers of the economies finally began to prevail. At best, the money doctors who purported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside manner; at worst, they were like medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills. Will the patients stage a full recovery? It dep
27、ends on exactly what you mean by full. South Koreas industrial production is already above its pre-crisis level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korean industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsayer. So if by recovery you mean not
28、just a return to growth, but one that brings the regions performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go. （分数：1.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writers opinion?（分数：0.25）A.Countries paid a heavy price for w
29、hichever measure taken.B.Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.C.Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.D.Most governments shose one of the two options.(2).The writer thinks that those Asian countries（分数：0.25）A.well deserved the punishment.B.invested in a senseless way
30、at the time.C.were unduly punished in the crisis.D.had bad relationships between government and business.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations（分数：0.25）A.were far from a panacea in all cases.B.were feasible in their recipient countries.C.failed to work in their recip
31、ient countries.D.were rejected unanimously by Asian countries.(4).At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full recovery of the Asian economy is（分数：0.25）A.due.B.remote.C.imaginative.D.unpredictable.God and My Father I thought of God as a strangely emotional being. He was powerful;
32、 he was forgiving yet obdurate, full of warmth and affection. Both his wrath and affection were fitful, they came and they went, and I couldnt count on either to continue: although they both always didIn short God was much such a being as my father himself. What was the relation between them, I wond
33、ered these two puzzling deities? My fathers ideas of religion seemed straightforward and simple. He had noticed when he was a boy that there were buildings called churches; he had accepted them as a natural part of the surroundings in which he had been born. He would never have invented such things
34、himself. Nevertheless they were here. As he grew up he regarded them as unquestioningly as he did banks. They were substantial old structures, they were respectable, decent, and venerable. They were frequented by the right sort of people. Well, that was enough. On the other hand he never allowed chu
35、rches or banks to dictate to him. He gave each the respect that was due to it from his point of view; but he also expected from each of them the respect he felt due to him. As to creeds, he knew nothing about them, and cared nothing either; yet he seemed to know which sect he belonged with. It had t
36、o be a sect with the minimum of nonsense about it; no total immersion, no exhorters, no holy confession. He would have been a Unitarian, naturally, if hed lived in Boston. Since he was a respectable New Yorker, he belonged in the Episcopal Church. As to living a spiritual life, he never tackled that
37、 problem. Some men who accept spiritual beliefs try to live up to them daily; other men who reject such beliefs, try sometimes to smash them. My father would have disagreed with both kinds entirely. He took a more distant attitude. It disgusted him where atheists attacked religion: he thought they w
38、ere vulgar. But he also objected to having religion make demands upon him he felt that religion was too vulgar, when it tried to stir up mens feelings. It had its own proper field of activity, and it was all right there, of course; but there was one place religion should let alone, and that was a ma
39、ns soul. He especially loathed any talk of walking hand in hand with his Savior. And if he had ever found the Holy Ghost trying to soften his heart, he would have regarded its behavior as distinctly uncalled for; even ungentlemanly. （分数：1.00）(1).The writer says his fathers idea of religion seemed st
40、raightforward and simple because his father （分数：0.50）A.had been born in natural surroundings with banks and churches.B.never really thought of God as having a real existence.C.regarded religion as acceptable as long as it did not interfere.D.regarded religion as a way that he could live a spiritual
41、life.(2).The writers father would probably agree with the statement that（分数：0.50）A.both spiritualists and atheists are vulgar.B.being aware of different creeds is important.C.religion should expect heart and soul devotion.D.churches like banks are not to be trustedMedical consumerism like all sorts
42、of consumerism, only more menacingly is designed to be unsatisfying. The prolongation of life and the search for perfect health (beauty, youth, happiness) are inherently self-defeating. The law of diminishing returns necessarily applies. You can make higher percentages of people survive into their e
43、ighties and nineties. But, as any geriatric ward shows that is not the same as to confer enduring mobility, awareness and autonomy. Extending life grows medically feasible, but it is often a life deprived of everything, and one exposed to degrading neglect as resources grow over- stretched and polit
44、ics turn mean. What an ignominious destiny for medicine if its future turned into one of bestowing meagre increments of unenjoyed life! It would mirror the fate of athletics, in which disproportionate energies and resources not least medical ones, like illegal steroids are now invested to shave reco
45、rds by milliseconds. And, it goes without saying, the logical extension of longevism the abolition of death would not be a solution but only an exacerbation. To air these predicaments is not anti-medical spleen a churlish reprisal against medicine for its victories but simply to face the growing rea
46、lity of medical power not exactly without responsibility but with dissolving goals. Hence medicines finest hour becomes the dawn of its dilemmas. For centuries, medicine was impotent and hence unproblematic. From the Greeks to the Great War, its job was simple, to struggle with lethal diseases and g
47、ross disabilities, to ensure live births, and to manage pain. It performed these uncontroversial tasks by and large with meagre success. Today, with mission accomplished, medicines triumphs are dissolving in disorientation. Medicine has led to vastly inflated expectations, which the public has eagerly swallowed. Yet as these expectations grow unlimited, they become unfulfillable. The task facing medicine in the twenty-first century will be to redefine it
