1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷197及答案解析 (总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_Resale Price Maintenance is the name used when a retailer is compelled to sell at a price fixed by the manufacturer instead of choosing for himself how much to add on to the wholesale price
2、hepays for his supplies. This practice is associated to the sale of 1branded goods, which now form a very considerate proportion of 2consumers purchases and it has led to a great deal of controversy. Generally such articles are packed and advertised by themanufacturers, who tries to create a special
3、 image in the minds of 3possible purchasersan image made up of the look of the article,its use, its price, or everything else that might lead purchasers to 4ask for that brand rather for any other. If a retailer is allowed to 5charge any price he likes he may find it worth to sell one brand at 6cut
4、prices even though this involves a loss, because he hopes toattract customers to the shop, in where they may be persuaded to 7buy many other types of goods at higher prices. The manufacturer ofthe brand that has cut fears that the retailer may be tempted to 8reduce the services on this article, but,
5、 as if he does not there is a 9danger that the customer becomes unsettled and is unwilling to pay the standard price of the article because he feels that he is being done. This may, and indeed often does, affect the reputation of the manufacturer and make him lose his market in long run. 10（分数：20.00
6、）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_In an age where globalization is the trend, learning a foreign language becomes essential. Because of globalization, citizens of one country see the need to learn a language aside from their nativeones. Some learn a foreign language for pr
7、actical reasons while 1others are motivating because of aspirational, intellectual or 2sentimental reasons. When an individual has plans to migrate to the different 3country or region, learning the local language of the place would be necessary to be able to communicate with the people in thenew pla
8、ce. He or she cannot integrate to the local community 4unless he or she does not know what the locals are talking about and 5cannot understand the signs writing in the local language. 6 More than just learning new vocabulary words, learning a foreign language can enhance the ability of an individual
9、 to learnand function in the other areas. It is like exercising the brain to have 7better function in organization, memory, and expression. Aside from the great cognitive development, learning a foreign languagecould also help an individual better equipped to adapt to the changes 8happening. Like le
10、arning a foreign language also entails learning the 9culture of the country, the ability of the individual to tolerate diverselifestyles and customs also improve. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Many animal and even plant species communicate with eachother. Hu
11、mans are not unique in this capability. Therefore, human 1language is unique in being a symbol communication system that is 2learned instead of biologically inherited. A word is one and more sounds that in combination with aspecial meaning assigned by a language. The symbolic meaning of 3words can b
12、e so powerful that people are willing to risk their lives for them or take the lives of others. A major advantage of human language is being a learned 4symbolic communication system is that it is infinitely flexible.Meanings can be changed and new symbols create. This is 5evidenced by the fact which
13、 new words are invented daily and the 6meaning of old ones changes. Languages evolve in response tochange historical and social conditions. Some language 7transformations typically occur in a generation or more. For instance, the slang words used by your parents were very differentfrom it that you u
14、se today. You also probably are familiar with many 8technical terms, such as text messaging and high definition TV , which were not in general use even a decade ago. Language and speech are not the same thing. Speech is abroad term simply referred to patterned verbal behavior. In contrast, 9a langua
15、ge is a set of rules for generating speech. A dialect is a variant of a language. If associated with a geographically isolatedspeech community, it is referred to a regional dialect. However, if 10it is spoken by a speech community that is merely socially isolated, it is called a social dialect which
16、 is mostly based on class, gender, age, and particular social situations.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试卷197答案解析 (总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：Resale Price Maintenance is the name used whe
17、n a retailer is compelled to sell at a price fixed by the manufacturer instead of choosing for himself how much to add on to the wholesale price hepays for his supplies. This practice is associated to the sale of 1branded goods, which now form a very considerate proportion of 2consumers purchases an
18、d it has led to a great deal of controversy. Generally such articles are packed and advertised by themanufacturers, who tries to create a special image in the minds of 3possible purchasersan image made up of the look of the article,its use, its price, or everything else that might lead purchasers to
19、 4ask for that brand rather for any other. If a retailer is allowed to 5charge any price he likes he may find it worth to sell one brand at 6cut prices even though this involves a loss, because he hopes toattract customers to the shop, in where they may be persuaded to 7buy many other types of goods
20、 at higher prices. The manufacturer ofthe brand that has cut fears that the retailer may be tempted to 8reduce the services on this article, but, as if he does not there is a 9danger that the customer becomes unsettled and is unwilling to pay the standard price of the article because he feels that h
21、e is being done. This may, and indeed often does, affect the reputation of the manufacturer and make him lose his market in long run. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：towith）填空项1:_（正确答案：considerate一considerable）填空项1:_（正确答案：triestry）填空项1:_（正确答案：orand）填空项1:_（正确答案：第二个forthan）填空项1:_（正确答案：worthworthwhile）填空项1:_（正
22、确答案：in一去掉in或wherewhich）填空项1:_（正确答案：has一been）填空项1:_（正确答案：aseven）填空项1:_（正确答案：in一the）解析：解析：固定搭配中的冠词缺失。in the long run是固定搭配，表示“从长远来看”，the不能省略。In an age where globalization is the trend, learning a foreign language becomes essential. Because of globalization, citizens of one country see the need to learn
23、 a language aside from their nativeones. Some learn a foreign language for practical reasons while 1others are motivating because of aspirational, intellectual or 2sentimental reasons. When an individual has plans to migrate to the different 3country or region, learning the local language of the pla
24、ce would be necessary to be able to communicate with the people in thenew place. He or she cannot integrate to the local community 4unless he or she does not know what the locals are talking about and 5cannot understand the signs writing in the local language. 6 More than just learning new vocabular
25、y words, learning a foreign language can enhance the ability of an individual to learnand function in the other areas. It is like exercising the brain to have 7better function in organization, memory, and expression. Aside from the great cognitive development, learning a foreign languagecould also h
26、elp an individual better equipped to adapt to the changes 8happening. Like learning a foreign language also entails learning the 9culture of the country, the ability of the individual to tolerate diverselifestyles and customs also improve. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：onesone）填空项1:_（正确答案：motivatingmotiva
27、ted）填空项1:_（正确答案：thea）填空项1:_（正确答案：to一with）填空项1:_（正确答案：unless一if）填空项1:_（正确答案：writingwritten）填空项1:_（正确答案：第一个the一去掉the）填空项1:_（正确答案：betterbe）填空项1:_（正确答案：LikeAs）填空项1:_（正确答案：improveimproves）解析：解析：主谓不一致。of the individual to tolerate diverse lifestyles and customs为后置定语，修饰主语the ability，其为单数形式，谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式
28、，故将improve改为improves。Many animal and even plant species communicate with eachother. Humans are not unique in this capability. Therefore, human 1language is unique in being a symbol communication system that is 2learned instead of biologically inherited. A word is one and more sounds that in combinat
29、ion with aspecial meaning assigned by a language. The symbolic meaning of 3words can be so powerful that people are willing to risk their lives for them or take the lives of others. A major advantage of human language is being a learned 4symbolic communication system is that it is infinitely flexibl
30、e.Meanings can be changed and new symbols create. This is 5evidenced by the fact which new words are invented daily and the 6meaning of old ones changes. Languages evolve in response tochange historical and social conditions. Some language 7transformations typically occur in a generation or more. Fo
31、r instance, the slang words used by your parents were very differentfrom it that you use today. You also probably are familiar with many 8technical terms, such as text messaging and high definition TV , which were not in general use even a decade ago. Language and speech are not the same thing. Spee
32、ch is abroad term simply referred to patterned verbal behavior. In contrast, 9a language is a set of rules for generating speech. A dialect is a variant of a language. If associated with a geographically isolatedspeech community, it is referred to a regional dialect. However, if 10it is spoken by a
33、speech community that is merely socially isolated, it is called a social dialect which is mostly based on class, gender, age, and particular social situations.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：ThereforeHowever）填空项1:_（正确答案：symbol一symbolic）填空项1:_（正确答案：special一specific）填空项1:_（正确答案：is去掉is）填空项1:_（正确答案：createcreated）填空项1:_（正确答案：whichthat）填空项1:_（正确答案：change一changing）填空项1:_（正确答案：itthose）填空项1:_（正确答案：referredreferring）填空项1:_（正确答案：to一as）解析：解析：介词缺失。be referred to as是固定搭配，意为“被称为”。句意为“如果它同地理分布的言语社区有关系的话，就被称为方言。”
