1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷176及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_Amazon, which got its start selling books online, announced this year that, for the first time, its digital books had outsold than paper books. This trend of going digital does 1not hold t
2、rue for all books: While many popular consumer books have successfully made the switch into the new form, 2textbooks are already widely read on paper. Textbooks are 3gaining, consequently, as publishers take advantage of the 4popularity of tablets like the Kindle and iPad, expanding their catalogues
3、 and offering products like rent digital books that 5expire after a semester or two. The potential for digital growth is leading publishers toexperiment products that stretch the boundaries of traditional 6textbooks, slowly turning away from static text and imagestoward multimedia, intuitive approac
4、h, publishers say. 7Textbooks as e-books ought to be seen as a stepping stone of 8the future, said Mark Majurey of Taylor & Francis, a textbook publisher in Britain. Digital textbooks are any books which can be downloaded 9to an e-reader or computer or those that can be read online using a Web brows
5、er. While no one keeps precise numbers of digital textbook sales globally, a number of companies have seen similar growth patterns and nearly identical market share. According to the Student Monitor, a private student market research company based in New Jersey, about 5 percent of all textbooks requ
6、ired in the autumn in the United States were 10digital textbooks. That is more than double the 2.1 percent of the spring semester.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A number of years ago I sat down on a stone bench outsidethe Teatro Avenida in Maputo, Mozambique, w
7、hen I worked as an 1artistic consulter. It was a hot day, and we were taking a break 2from rehearsals. The theaters air-conditioning system had longsince stopped functioning. It should have been over 100 degrees 3inside while we were working. Two old African men were sitting on that bench, but there
8、was a room for me, too. In Africa people share more than just 4water in a brotherly or sisterly fashion. Even when it comes toshade, people are generous. I heard two men talking about a third 5old man who recently died. One of them said, I was visiting him 6at his home. He started to tell me an amaz
9、ing story about something that had happened to him when he was young. But it was a long story. Night came, and we decided that I should come back the next day to hear the rest. But when I arrived, he was dead. The man fell silent. I decided to leave that bench until I 7heard what the other man would
10、 respond to what hed heard. I had 8an instinctive feeling that it would prove to be important. Finallyhe, too, spoke. Thats not a good way to dieafter youve told 9the end of your story. It struck me as I listened to those two men that our speciesmight be the storytelling person. What differs us from
11、 animals is 10the fact that we can listen to other peoples dreams, fears, joys, sorrows, desires and defeatsand they in turn can listen to ours.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The brains of children are affected by family violence in the same way as combat affec
12、ts soldiers, according to a study. In bothcases the brain becomes increasing wary of potential threats. 1Children who suffer abuse or witness domestic violence are knownto be at greater risk of anxiety and depression in late life. 2 Scientists carried out magnetic resonance imaging brain scanson 20
13、London children with an average age of 12 who have been 3exposed to documented violence at home. All had referred to local 4social services. While in the scanner, the children were shownpictures of male or female faces with sad, calm or angry 5expressions. Their patterns of brain activity were compa
14、red withthat of 23 matched children with no history of family violence. 6The children exposed to violence responded in the distinct way to 7angry faces, the study found. Their brains showed heightened activation in two regions associated with threat detection. Previous research has shown a similar p
15、attern in the brains of soldiers exposed to violence combat situations. The scans suggest both combat veteran soldiers and children who witness violence tuning their brains to be hyper-aware of environmental danger. 8 Lead author Dr Eamon McCrory, from UCLs Division of Psychology and Language Scienc
16、es, said: We are only nowbeginning to understand how child abuse influences function of the 9brains emotional systems. This research is important because itprovides with our first clues as to how regions in the childs brain 10may adapt to early experiences of abuse in the home.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_
17、填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Healthy adults take approximately 10-14 breaths per minute, but some people breathe 20 or more timesthis can lead to feeling out of breath and a range of other symptoms such as tingling in the fingers and around the lips, heart palpitations, tiredness,
18、 inabilityto concentrate on and irritable bowel syndrome, explains Fiona 1Troup, a physiotherapist at Six Physio in London. The symptoms are a sign youre breathing through the mouthinstead of doing deeper breathing through the nose. This leads a 2fall in carbon dioxide levels in the bloodas a result
19、 of, oxygen 3cant be released to the muscles and organs. This causes muscle spasms, often in the colon where can 4exacerbate or lead to IBS; meanwhile if the brain is derived of 5sufficient oxygen levels, it can cause confusion and dizziness. Fast breathing is basically a bad habit, often results fr
20、om 6period of elevated stress, back or neck pain, emotional trauma or 7surgery, says Ms Troup. One seminal study suggested as many as10 per cent of those attending general practice suffered this 8problem. Over-breathing, as it is known, shouldnt have any long-term health implications, says Stephen S
21、piro, professor of respiratory medicine at University College London Hospitals anddeputy chair of the British Lung Foundation. Therefore, rapid 9breathing and breathless can be a sign of lung disease, particularly 10asthma and bronchitis. With these conditions, the airways in the lungs narrow, so it
22、s physically harder for the air to travel in and out.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试卷176答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：Amazon, which got its start selling books online, announced thi
23、s year that, for the first time, its digital books had outsold than paper books. This trend of going digital does 1not hold true for all books: While many popular consumer books have successfully made the switch into the new form, 2textbooks are already widely read on paper. Textbooks are 3gaining,
24、consequently, as publishers take advantage of the 4popularity of tablets like the Kindle and iPad, expanding their catalogues and offering products like rent digital books that 5expire after a semester or two. The potential for digital growth is leading publishers toexperiment products that stretch
25、the boundaries of traditional 6textbooks, slowly turning away from static text and imagestoward multimedia, intuitive approach, publishers say. 7Textbooks as e-books ought to be seen as a stepping stone of 8the future, said Mark Majurey of Taylor & Francis, a textbook publisher in Britain. Digital t
26、extbooks are any books which can be downloaded 9to an e-reader or computer or those that can be read online using a Web browser. While no one keeps precise numbers of digital textbook sales globally, a number of companies have seen similar growth patterns and nearly identical market share. According
27、 to the Student Monitor, a private student market research company based in New Jersey, about 5 percent of all textbooks required in the autumn in the United States were 10digital textbooks. That is more than double the 2.1 percent of the spring semester.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：than一去掉than）填空项1:_（正确答案
28、：formformat）填空项1:_（正确答案：alreadystill）填空项1:_（正确答案：consequentlythoughhowever）填空项1:_（正确答案：rentrental）填空项1:_（正确答案：experimentwith）填空项1:_（正确答案：multimediaa）填空项1:_（正确答案：ofto）填空项1:_（正确答案：whichthat）填空项1:_（正确答案：required一acquired）解析：解析：词汇错误。联系上下文可知文章没有涉及学校强制用什么样的教科书的规定，所以require(要求，规定)不符语义。acquire表示“学到”，放在原文表示“
29、学生秋季所学的教科书”，符合文意，故required改成acquired。A number of years ago I sat down on a stone bench outsidethe Teatro Avenida in Maputo, Mozambique, when I worked as an 1artistic consulter. It was a hot day, and we were taking a break 2from rehearsals. The theaters air-conditioning system had longsince stopped f
30、unctioning. It should have been over 100 degrees 3inside while we were working. Two old African men were sitting on that bench, but therewas a room for me, too. In Africa people share more than just 4water in a brotherly or sisterly fashion. Even when it comes toshade, people are generous. I heard t
31、wo men talking about a third 5old man who recently died. One of them said, I was visiting him 6at his home. He started to tell me an amazing story about something that had happened to him when he was young. But it was a long story. Night came, and we decided that I should come back the next day to h
32、ear the rest. But when I arrived, he was dead. The man fell silent. I decided to leave that bench until I 7heard what the other man would respond to what hed heard. I had 8an instinctive feeling that it would prove to be important. Finallyhe, too, spoke. Thats not a good way to dieafter youve told 9
33、the end of your story. It struck me as I listened to those two men that our speciesmight be the storytelling person. What differs us from animals is 10the fact that we can listen to other peoples dreams, fears, joys, sorrows, desires and defeatsand they in turn can listen to ours.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确
34、答案：whenwhere）填空项1:_（正确答案：consulter一consultant）填空项1:_（正确答案：should一must）填空项1:_（正确答案：a一）填空项1:_（正确答案：two一the）填空项1:_（正确答案：recently一had）填空项1:_（正确答案：to一not）填空项1:_（正确答案：what(the)一how）填空项1:_（正确答案：after一before）填空项1:_（正确答案：differs一differentiates）解析：解析：词汇错误。differ通常用作不及物动词，意为“不同，相异”，如：Our hobbies differ fromeac
35、h other我们的兴趣爱好不同。而differentiate可用作及物动词，意为“使有差异；构成间的差别”，如：Coloring differentiates the sexes in manybirds许多鸟的雌雄通常可就其颜色予以区分。本句应选用一个及物动词，故此处用differentiates。The brains of children are affected by family violence in the same way as combat affects soldiers, according to a study. In bothcases the brain beco
36、mes increasing wary of potential threats. 1Children who suffer abuse or witness domestic violence are knownto be at greater risk of anxiety and depression in late life. 2 Scientists carried out magnetic resonance imaging brain scanson 20 London children with an average age of 12 who have been 3expos
37、ed to documented violence at home. All had referred to local 4social services. While in the scanner, the children were shownpictures of male or female faces with sad, calm or angry 5expressions. Their patterns of brain activity were compared withthat of 23 matched children with no history of family
38、violence. 6The children exposed to violence responded in the distinct way to 7angry faces, the study found. Their brains showed heightened activation in two regions associated with threat detection. Previous research has shown a similar pattern in the brains of soldiers exposed to violence combat si
39、tuations. The scans suggest both combat veteran soldiers and children who witness violence tuning their brains to be hyper-aware of environmental danger. 8 Lead author Dr Eamon McCrory, from UCLs Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, said: We are only nowbeginning to understand how child abu
40、se influences function of the 9brains emotional systems. This research is important because itprovides with our first clues as to how regions in the childs brain 10may adapt to early experiences of abuse in the home.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：increasingincreasingly）填空项1:_（正确答案：late一later）填空项1:_（正确答案：have
41、had）填空项1:_（正确答案：referredbeen）填空项1:_（正确答案：or(female)一and）填空项1:_（正确答案：that一those）填空项1:_（正确答案：thea）填空项1:_（正确答案：tuning一tune）填空项1:_（正确答案：function一functioning）填空项1:_（正确答案：with一去掉with）解析：解析：词汇错误。provide表示“提供”时，用作及物动词，其主要用法是provide sthprovide sbwith sth，故此处删掉介词with。Healthy adults take approximately 10-14 br
42、eaths per minute, but some people breathe 20 or more timesthis can lead to feeling out of breath and a range of other symptoms such as tingling in the fingers and around the lips, heart palpitations, tiredness, inabilityto concentrate on and irritable bowel syndrome, explains Fiona 1Troup, a physiot
43、herapist at Six Physio in London. The symptoms are a sign youre breathing through the mouthinstead of doing deeper breathing through the nose. This leads a 2fall in carbon dioxide levels in the bloodas a result of, oxygen 3cant be released to the muscles and organs. This causes muscle spasms, often
44、in the colon where can 4exacerbate or lead to IBS; meanwhile if the brain is derived of 5sufficient oxygen levels, it can cause confusion and dizziness. Fast breathing is basically a bad habit, often results from 6period of elevated stress, back or neck pain, emotional trauma or 7surgery, says Ms Troup. One seminal study suggested as many as10 per cent of those attending general practice suffered this 8problem. Over-breathing, as it is
