1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷165及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_Starting in the mid-1990s, major American cities began a radical transformation. Years of high violent crime rates, thefts, robberies, and inner-city decay suddenly started to turn around.
2、Crime rates didnt just hold steadily, and they began falling faster than 1they went up. That trend appeared in practically every 2post-industrial American city, simultaneously. The drop of crime in the 1990s effected all geographic areas 3and demographic groups, Steven D. Levitt wrote in his landmar
3、k paper on the subject, Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990s,and elucidated further in a best-selling book Freakonomics. It 4was unanticipated that it was widely dismissed as temporary or 5illusory long after it had begun. He went on to tie the drop to thelegalization of abortion 20 years much
4、earlier, dismissing police 6tactics as a cause but they failed to explain the universality and 7unexpectedness of the change. Alfred Blumsteins The Crime Drop in America pinned the cause of crime solely on the crackepidemic but gave the credit for its appearance to those self-same 8policing strategi
5、es. Plenty of other theories have been offered to account for the double-digit decrease in violence, from the advent of broken windows policies, three strikes laws, changing demographics, guncontrol laws, and the increasing prevalence of cellphones or an 9upturn in the economy and cultural shifts in
6、 American society.Some of these theories have disproven outright while others 10require a healthy dose of assumption to turn correlation into causation.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_For people suffering from depression, the advice is usuallythe same: seek help
7、. This simple-sounding directive, moreover, is 1often difficult for those with depression to follow because onecommon symptom of the disease is denial or lack of aware. This 2can be frustrated for well-meaning family and friendsand is one 3of the key ways that treating mental illness is different fr
8、om treating other illnesses. The challenge for a person with a depressed spouse, relative or close friend who refuses to get treatment is how to changedefiant persons mind. Reality show-style interventions and tough 4love are rarely successful, experts say. But there are techniquesthat can help. The
9、 key is to try and avoid a debate over if your 5loved one is sick and instead of look for common ground. 6Depression makes a person see the world by gray-colored 7glasses, says Xavier Amador, a clinical psychologist and directorof the LEAP Institute in Taconic, NY, who trains mental-health 8doctors
10、and family members how to overcome a mentally ill persons denial of their disease. At the LEAP Institute, they teachmental-health professions how to build enough trust with the 9mentally ill person that he will follow advice even if he wontadmit to sick. LEAP is an acronym for listen reflectively, 1
11、0empathize strategically, agree on common ground and partner on shared goals.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The transformation of journalism in Indiathe worlds largest democracy and one of its fastest growing economieshas implications for journalism around the
12、world. With approaching 100 round-the-clock news channelsunrivalled in any other countryIndia boasts the worlds most linguistic diverse news 1landscape. This offers exciting opportunities, as well challenges to 2professional journalists and scholars of international journalism.The India Media Centre
13、, the worlds first academic centrewhich dedicated to studying globalizing tendencies of media 3in India, is organizing the pioneering conference to address 4the implications of this major media development. This international gathering will bring together journalists andjournalism scholars around th
14、e world to examine the changing face 5of journalism in India and their impact on the rest of the world. 6 According to the World Association of Newspapers, the sale of newspapers in India is booming: circulation grew by 46 per cent between 2000 and 2008 and more than 99 million copies ofnewspapers w
15、ere sold in India every day. The Times of India is 7now the worlds largest circulating, English-language quality 8newspaper. From FM and community radio to online media,journalists are finding new ways to communicate with a requiring 9and fragmenting audience, including a young and vocal, middle-cla
16、ss diaspora. International media groupsfrom financial, to sport journalism to entertainment newsare extending andembedding their operations into that is one of the worlds biggest 10news bazaars.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_For centuries, immigrants have come
17、to America seeking the promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Some camefleeting religious persecution. Others came for the possibility of a 1better life. But all were inspired by the freedoms that exist in the United States because of the rule of law. Throughout our history, immigra
18、nts have contributed toAmerican society and help build the American dream. But today 2we face with an immigration crisis. Lax enforcement of our 3immigration laws threatens the promise of life, liberty, and thepursuit of happiness that has made America that it is today. In 4order to protect the Amer
19、ican dream, we must enforce our immigration laws. According to a report by the Government Accountability Office, only 44 percent of the U.S.-Mexico border is under the operational control of the U.S. Border Patrol. Forty-four percentis a failure grade. Holes in the security of our borders threaten 5
20、American lives. The first promise of the American dream is life. In order to protect that promise, we must secure the U.S.-Mexico border. We must also do more to prohibit Americans from criminal 6illegal immigrants. Despite the Obama administration has 7increased the deportation of criminal immigran
21、ts, two Supreme Court rulings created a safe haven for dangerous criminalimmigrants who can be removed. Because these rulings prohibit 8criminal immigrants from detained longer than six months 9when they cannot be deported, federal officials have been forced to 10release thousands of criminal immigr
22、ants into our communities. Tragically, many have gone on to commit more crimes, including murder.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试卷165答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：Starting in the mid
23、-1990s, major American cities began a radical transformation. Years of high violent crime rates, thefts, robberies, and inner-city decay suddenly started to turn around.Crime rates didnt just hold steadily, and they began falling faster than 1they went up. That trend appeared in practically every 2p
24、ost-industrial American city, simultaneously. The drop of crime in the 1990s effected all geographic areas 3and demographic groups, Steven D. Levitt wrote in his landmark paper on the subject, Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990s,and elucidated further in a best-selling book Freakonomics. It 4w
25、as unanticipated that it was widely dismissed as temporary or 5illusory long after it had begun. He went on to tie the drop to thelegalization of abortion 20 years much earlier, dismissing police 6tactics as a cause but they failed to explain the universality and 7unexpectedness of the change. Alfre
26、d Blumsteins The Crime Drop in America pinned the cause of crime solely on the crackepidemic but gave the credit for its appearance to those self-same 8policing strategies. Plenty of other theories have been offered to account for the double-digit decrease in violence, from the advent of broken wind
27、ows policies, three strikes laws, changing demographics, guncontrol laws, and the increasing prevalence of cellphones or an 9upturn in the economy and cultural shifts in American society.Some of these theories have disproven outright while others 10require a healthy dose of assumption to turn correl
28、ation into causation.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：steadily一steady）填空项1:_（正确答案：That一This）填空项1:_（正确答案：effected一affected）填空项1:_（正确答案：athe）填空项1:_（正确答案：unanticipated一so）填空项1:_（正确答案：much一去掉much）填空项1:_（正确答案：but一because）填空项1:_（正确答案：appearance一disappearance）填空项1:_（正确答案：or一to）填空项1:_（正确答案：disproven一been）解析：解析：语法错误。此句
29、的主语Some of these theories与谓语动词disprove之间是被动关系，故应该加上一个been，表示现在完成时的被动语态。For people suffering from depression, the advice is usuallythe same: seek help. This simple-sounding directive, moreover, is 1often difficult for those with depression to follow because onecommon symptom of the disease is denial
30、or lack of aware. This 2can be frustrated for well-meaning family and friendsand is one 3of the key ways that treating mental illness is different from treating other illnesses. The challenge for a person with a depressed spouse, relative or close friend who refuses to get treatment is how to change
31、defiant persons mind. Reality show-style interventions and tough 4love are rarely successful, experts say. But there are techniquesthat can help. The key is to try and avoid a debate over if your 5loved one is sick and instead of look for common ground. 6Depression makes a person see the world by gr
32、ay-colored 7glasses, says Xavier Amador, a clinical psychologist and directorof the LEAP Institute in Taconic, NY, who trains mental-health 8doctors and family members how to overcome a mentally ill persons denial of their disease. At the LEAP Institute, they teachmental-health professions how to bu
33、ild enough trust with the 9mentally ill person that he will follow advice even if he wontadmit to sick. LEAP is an acronym for listen reflectively, 10empathize strategically, agree on common ground and partner on shared goals.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：moreover一however）填空项1:_（正确答案：awareawareness）填空项1:_（正
34、确答案：frustrated一frustrating）填空项1:_（正确答案：defiant一the）填空项1:_（正确答案：if一whether）填空项1:_（正确答案：of去掉of）填空项1:_（正确答案：by一through）填空项1:_（正确答案：who一which）填空项1:_（正确答案：professions一professionals）填空项1:_（正确答案：sickbeing）解析：解析：语法错误。sick是形容词，前需加be动词，表状态。admit to是固定搭配，表示“承认”，而此处to是介词，故用being。另外admit后可直接接名词表示承认的内容，如果改成名词sick
35、ness，则不需要介词to。The transformation of journalism in Indiathe worlds largest democracy and one of its fastest growing economieshas implications for journalism around the world. With approaching 100 round-the-clock news channelsunrivalled in any other countryIndia boasts the worlds most linguistic diver
36、se news 1landscape. This offers exciting opportunities, as well challenges to 2professional journalists and scholars of international journalism.The India Media Centre, the worlds first academic centrewhich dedicated to studying globalizing tendencies of media 3in India, is organizing the pioneering
37、 conference to address 4the implications of this major media development. This international gathering will bring together journalists andjournalism scholars around the world to examine the changing face 5of journalism in India and their impact on the rest of the world. 6 According to the World Asso
38、ciation of Newspapers, the sale of newspapers in India is booming: circulation grew by 46 per cent between 2000 and 2008 and more than 99 million copies ofnewspapers were sold in India every day. The Times of India is 7now the worlds largest circulating, English-language quality 8newspaper. From FM
39、and community radio to online media,journalists are finding new ways to communicate with a requiring 9and fragmenting audience, including a young and vocal, middle-class diaspora. International media groupsfrom financial, to sport journalism to entertainment newsare extending andembedding their oper
40、ations into that is one of the worlds biggest 10news bazaars.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：linguistic-linguistically）填空项1:_（正确答案：challenges-as）填空项1:_（正确答案：which一去掉which）填空项1:_（正确答案：the一a）填空项1:_（正确答案：around-from）填空项1:_（正确答案：their-its）填空项1:_（正确答案：were-are）填空项1:_（正确答案：circulating一circulated）填空项1:_（正确答案：requiri
41、ng-demanding）填空项1:_（正确答案：that-what）解析：解析：语法错误。引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中不充当任何成分且无意义，而what是连接代词，what=the thing(s)that。此处的从句缺少了主语部分，因此要用what，表示the countrythat。For centuries, immigrants have come to America seeking the promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Some camefleeting religious persecut
42、ion. Others came for the possibility of a 1better life. But all were inspired by the freedoms that exist in the United States because of the rule of law. Throughout our history, immigrants have contributed toAmerican society and help build the American dream. But today 2we face with an immigration c
43、risis. Lax enforcement of our 3immigration laws threatens the promise of life, liberty, and thepursuit of happiness that has made America that it is today. In 4order to protect the American dream, we must enforce our immigration laws. According to a report by the Government Accountability Office, on
44、ly 44 percent of the U.S.-Mexico border is under the operational control of the U.S. Border Patrol. Forty-four percentis a failure grade. Holes in the security of our borders threaten 5American lives. The first promise of the American dream is life. In order to protect that promise, we must secure the U.S.-Mexico border. We must also do more to prohibit Americans from criminal 6illegal immigrants. Despite the Obama administration ha
