1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷164及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_It is a success in so far as more women retain their youthful appearance to a greater age than in the past. Old ladies are already becoming rare. In a few years, we may well believe, theyw
2、ill be extinctive. Ugliness is one of the symptoms of disease. In 1so far as the campaign for more beauty is also a campaign for morehealth, it is admirable but genuinely successful. Beauty that is 2merely the artificial shadow of these symptoms of health isintrinsically poorer quality than the genu
3、ine article. The apparatus 3for mimicking the symptoms of health is now within the reach ofevery moderately prosperity person; the knowledge of the way in 4which real health can be achieved is growing, and will in time, nodoubt, universally acted upon. When that happy moment comes, 5will every woman
4、 be beautifulas beautiful, at any rate, as thenatural shape of his features, with or without surgical and chemical 6aid permits? The answer is obvious: No. For real beauty is as much anaffair of the inner as the outer self. The beauty of a porcelain jar is 7the matter of shape, of colour, of surface
5、 texture. The jar may be 8empty or tenanted by spiders, full of honey or stinking slimeitmakes no difference as to its beauty or ugliness. But a woman is 9lively, and her beauty is therefore not skin deep. The surface of the 10human vessel is affected by the nature of its spiritual contents.（分数：20.0
6、0）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The debate about problem drinking and how to stop itnowadays centres most on the working-class young. They are 1highly visibleand inaudibleas they clog city centres on 2Saturday nights. But a chapter in a forthcoming book, Intoxication an
7、d Society, by Philip Withington, a Cambridge historian, arguesthat it was the educated elite whom taught Britons how to drink to 3excess. In the 17th century, England experienced a rise in educational enrolment unsurpassedly until the early 20th century.Illiteracy inclined and the universities of Ca
8、mbridge and Oxford, 4as well as the Inns of Court and Chancery where barristers learnedtheir craft, brimming with affluent young men. This was the 5crucial period which modern drinking culture was formed. Mr 6Withingtons description of 17th-century drinking practices will sound familiar to anybody w
9、ho has been within a few miles of a British university. It was characterised by two conflicting aims.Men were to consume large qualities of alcohol in keeping with 7conventions of excess. Yet they also supposed to remain in control 8of their faculties, bantering and displaying wit. Students and woul
10、d-be lawyers formed drinking societies, where they learned the socialand drinkingskills required of gentlemen. A market in instruction quickly emerged. Collections filledwith jokes, quotes and fun facts proliferated, promised to teach, as 9John Cotgraves Wits Interpreter put it, the art of drinking,
11、 by a most learned method. Mirroring the standardisation of language after the invention of the printing press, codes of intoxication weredisseminated to many a wider audience as society became more 10literate and censorship declined.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空
12、项1:_Engaging in a hobby like reading a book, making a patchwork quilt or even playing computer games can delay the onset ofdementia, a US study suggests. Watching TV but does not 1countand indeed spending significant periods of time in front ofthe box may speed up with memory loss, researchers found
13、. 2Nearly 200 people aged 70 to 89 with mild memory problems werecompared to a group who had no impairment. The researchers 3from the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota asked the volunteers abouttheir daily activities within the past year and how mental active 4they had been between the age of 50 to 65. Those
14、 who had duringmiddle age busy reading, playing games or engaging in craft 5hobbies like patchworking or knitting was found to have a 40% 6reduced risk of memory impairment. In later life, those same activities reduced the risk by between 30 and 50%. Those whowatched TV for less than 7 hours a day w
15、ere also 50% more likely 7to develop memory loss than those who spent longer than that staring at the screen. This study is exciting because it demonstrates that age does 8not need to be a passive process, said study author and neuroscientist Dr Yonas Geda. By simply engaging in cognitive exercise,
16、you can protect against future memory loss. Of course,the challenge with this type of research is what we are relying on 9past memories of the participants, therefore we need to conform 10these findings with additional research.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Fo
17、rget fit, tanned and sportythe new generation of Australians is fast becoming fat, pale and lazy. A love of junk food, television and computer games has sent the countrys waistlineballooning, with Australians weighing in as the world s fattest 1nation after the United States. Rather than hitting the
18、 beaches,thousands of young Australians are heading to the couch with a 2bag of popcorn, with one child in every four classifying as 3overweight or obese. The trend is squashing the widely-heldimagery of Australians being sun-bronzed and superfit. The rate 4of obesity, particularly among children, s
19、eems to be going upfaster in Australia than anywhere else in the world, and we dont 5know why, said Dr Peter Williams, the president of the Dietitians 6Association of Australia. A sedentary lifestyle and a changing diet has doubled thenumber of obese Australians and treble the army of fat children i
20、n 7the past decade, pushing direct health costs related to childhood obesity to about $380 million a year. Data shows childhood obesity in Australia is rising at the rate of one percent a year, atrend suggests half of all young Australians will be overweight by 82025. Australias rapid weight gained
21、has health agencies and state 9governments racing to find ways to encourage people to get ontheir feet and shed some kilometerswhile sending the 10weight-loss industry skipping to the bank, pocketing $1 billion a year.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试
22、卷164答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：It is a success in so far as more women retain their youthful appearance to a greater age than in the past. Old ladies are already becoming rare. In a few years, we may well believe, theywill be ext
23、inctive. Ugliness is one of the symptoms of disease. In 1so far as the campaign for more beauty is also a campaign for morehealth, it is admirable but genuinely successful. Beauty that is 2merely the artificial shadow of these symptoms of health isintrinsically poorer quality than the genuine articl
24、e. The apparatus 3for mimicking the symptoms of health is now within the reach ofevery moderately prosperity person; the knowledge of the way in 4which real health can be achieved is growing, and will in time, nodoubt, universally acted upon. When that happy moment comes, 5will every woman be beauti
25、fulas beautiful, at any rate, as thenatural shape of his features, with or without surgical and chemical 6aid permits? The answer is obvious: No. For real beauty is as much anaffair of the inner as the outer self. The beauty of a porcelain jar is 7the matter of shape, of colour, of surface texture.
26、The jar may be 8empty or tenanted by spiders, full of honey or stinking slimeitmakes no difference as to its beauty or ugliness. But a woman is 9lively, and her beauty is therefore not skin deep. The surface of the 10human vessel is affected by the nature of its spiritual contents.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正
27、确答案：extinctiveextinct）填空项1:_（正确答案：but一and）填空项1:_（正确答案：poorerof）填空项1:_（正确答案：prosperityprosperous）填空项1:_（正确答案：universally一be）填空项1:_（正确答案：his一her）填空项1:_（正确答案：as一of）填空项1:_（正确答案：the(matter)一a）填空项1:_（正确答案：as一去掉as）填空项1:_（正确答案：lively一alive）解析：解析：词汇错误。lively和alive都是形容词，但表示的含义有所不同。lively表示“充满活力的，活泼的”，在此处与上下文不
28、符。前文将瓷瓶的美与人的美作比较，强调人是活的，因此要用alive。The debate about problem drinking and how to stop itnowadays centres most on the working-class young. They are 1highly visibleand inaudibleas they clog city centres on 2Saturday nights. But a chapter in a forthcoming book, Intoxication and Society, by Philip Withing
29、ton, a Cambridge historian, arguesthat it was the educated elite whom taught Britons how to drink to 3excess. In the 17th century, England experienced a rise in educational enrolment unsurpassedly until the early 20th century.Illiteracy inclined and the universities of Cambridge and Oxford, 4as well
30、 as the Inns of Court and Chancery where barristers learnedtheir craft, brimming with affluent young men. This was the 5crucial period which modern drinking culture was formed. Mr 6Withingtons description of 17th-century drinking practices will sound familiar to anybody who has been within a few mil
31、es of a British university. It was characterised by two conflicting aims.Men were to consume large qualities of alcohol in keeping with 7conventions of excess. Yet they also supposed to remain in control 8of their faculties, bantering and displaying wit. Students and would-be lawyers formed drinking
32、 societies, where they learned the socialand drinkingskills required of gentlemen. A market in instruction quickly emerged. Collections filledwith jokes, quotes and fun facts proliferated, promised to teach, as 9John Cotgraves Wits Interpreter put it, the art of drinking, by a most learned method. M
33、irroring the standardisation of language after the invention of the printing press, codes of intoxication weredisseminated to many a wider audience as society became more 10literate and censorship declined.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：mostmostly）填空项1:_（正确答案：inaudible一audible）填空项1:_（正确答案：whomwhothat）填空项1:_（
34、正确答案：inclineddeclined）填空项1:_（正确答案：brimming一brimmed）填空项1:_（正确答案：which一in）填空项1:_（正确答案：qualities一quantities）填空项1:_（正确答案：also一were）填空项1:_（正确答案：promised一promising）填空项1:_（正确答案：many一去掉many）解析：解析：词汇错误。many a是固定词组，表示“许多的”，修饰可数名词单数，但此处audience(观众)是集合名词，当形容观众人数多或少时，通常用big，large，huge，wide以及small，thin等形容词修饰，但不用m
35、any，few修饰，因此删掉many。Engaging in a hobby like reading a book, making a patchwork quilt or even playing computer games can delay the onset ofdementia, a US study suggests. Watching TV but does not 1countand indeed spending significant periods of time in front ofthe box may speed up with memory loss, re
36、searchers found. 2Nearly 200 people aged 70 to 89 with mild memory problems werecompared to a group who had no impairment. The researchers 3from the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota asked the volunteers abouttheir daily activities within the past year and how mental active 4they had been between the age of
37、50 to 65. Those who had duringmiddle age busy reading, playing games or engaging in craft 5hobbies like patchworking or knitting was found to have a 40% 6reduced risk of memory impairment. In later life, those same activities reduced the risk by between 30 and 50%. Those whowatched TV for less than
38、7 hours a day were also 50% more likely 7to develop memory loss than those who spent longer than that staring at the screen. This study is exciting because it demonstrates that age does 8not need to be a passive process, said study author and neuroscientist Dr Yonas Geda. By simply engaging in cogni
39、tive exercise, you can protect against future memory loss. Of course,the challenge with this type of research is what we are relying on 9past memories of the participants, therefore we need to conform 10these findings with additional research.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：but一however）填空项1:_（正确答案：with一去掉with
40、）填空项1:_（正确答案：towith）填空项1:_（正确答案：mentalmentally）填空项1:_（正确答案：busybeen）填空项1:_（正确答案：was一were）填空项1:_（正确答案：more一less）填空项1:_（正确答案：age一aging）填空项1:_（正确答案：whatthat）填空项1:_（正确答案：conform一confirm）解析：解析：词汇错误。conform表示“遵守，符合”，confirm表示“证实，证明”。本句是说“这类研究的挑战在于我们依赖参与者对过往的记忆，因此还需另外的研究来证明这些发现”，conform用在此处不符合句意，故改为confirm
41、。Forget fit, tanned and sportythe new generation of Australians is fast becoming fat, pale and lazy. A love of junk food, television and computer games has sent the countrys waistlineballooning, with Australians weighing in as the world s fattest 1nation after the United States. Rather than hitting
42、the beaches,thousands of young Australians are heading to the couch with a 2bag of popcorn, with one child in every four classifying as 3overweight or obese. The trend is squashing the widely-heldimagery of Australians being sun-bronzed and superfit. The rate 4of obesity, particularly among children
43、, seems to be going upfaster in Australia than anywhere else in the world, and we dont 5know why, said Dr Peter Williams, the president of the Dietitians 6Association of Australia. A sedentary lifestyle and a changing diet has doubled thenumber of obese Australians and treble the army of fat childre
44、n in 7the past decade, pushing direct health costs related to childhood obesity to about $380 million a year. Data shows childhood obesity in Australia is rising at the rate of one percent a year, atrend suggests half of all young Australians will be overweight by 82025. Australias rapid weight gained has health agencies and state 9governments racing to find ways to encourage people to get ontheir feet and shed some kilometerswhile sending the 10
