1、专业英语八级（听力）-试卷108及答案解析 (总分：44.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：44.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task o
2、n ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._A low-context culture is one in which th
3、e message, the event or the action is 1, having meaning onto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context. That the message, the event, the action has meaning in itself. So what this means in a low-context culture is that people pay more attention to the event itself rather than to the cont
4、ext which surrounds the event or the message. For example, in terms of personal space again. Theres more emphasis on 2, so the concept of privacy is very very important, or as before as I said, in a high-context culture they might not even be concerned with privacy or personal space. But in a low-co
5、ntext culture, theres a feeling that we each have our own personal space. If you get too close, if you dont knock on doors before entering, thats 3: people feel violated. Theres a respect and a desire for privacy, and you also see that people might pay less attention to body language because as I sa
6、id the message is, the message is 4. They are not going to worry about all the details around it. What you say is the important thing or what you do is the important thing.（分数：8.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Negative stress is what most of us think of when we think of stress. And negative stress occurs
7、 logically enough in situations towards which one feels negatively. And those examples could be 1, a friends death and so on. But here a thing to remember is that stress in itself is not hazardous, rather the danger is in 2 to the stress. So psychologists have found that if we develop appropriate wa
8、ys to cope with stressful situations, individuals can reduce the physiological harm which is caused by stress, or which can be caused by stress. And thats what I want to talk a bit about today: what are these appropriate ways to deal with stress: how to minimize any negative reactions. The first thi
9、ng that most psychologists suggest is to learn to recognize 3. We all have different types of stress signals, but individuals should monitor themselves for stress signals so that they can focus on minimizing or acknowledging the stress before 4. And common early signs for many people include irritab
10、ility, 5, weight loss or even weight gain, smoking, drinking, increases in small errors. All kinds of things that people get which could be an early signal of stress. You can consider ways to protect yourself when you start seeing these signs coming on, so you might decide to withdraw from the stres
11、sful situation or 6 with equal amount of low stress activity time. That is really the first important way to deal with stress appropriately.（分数：12.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Now, the second characteristic of active learners is to reflect on information and 1. Being reflective is an impor
12、tant part of active learning because it means that you are 2. In other words, you are 3. For instance, you may make connections between the new information and 4, identify concepts that you may not understand very well or evaluate the importance of what you are reading. An active learner 5 in this w
13、ay. In contrast, passive learners may 6 and listen to lectures and even understand most of what is read and heard, but they do not take that crucial next step of actually thinking about it.（分数：12.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The last characteristic, which I think is the most fundamental on
14、e, is to accept 1. Active learners understand that the responsibility for learning must come from within, while passive learners often want to 2 for their lack of motivation, 3, time management problems and other difficulties that they might experience. When active learners dont perform as well as t
15、heyve hoped, they evaluate why they didnt do well and 4 the next time. Passive learners, on the other hand, often approach every course in the same manner, and then 5 when their performance is poor. It is only when students 6 for their own learning that they can truly be called active learners.（分数：1
16、2.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（听力）-试卷108答案解析 (总分：44.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：44.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lect
17、ure, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling tas
18、k._解析：A low-context culture is one in which the message, the event or the action is 1, having meaning onto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context. That the message, the event, the action has meaning in itself. So what this means in a low-context culture is that people pay more attenti
19、on to the event itself rather than to the context which surrounds the event or the message. For example, in terms of personal space again. Theres more emphasis on 2, so the concept of privacy is very very important, or as before as I said, in a high-context culture they might not even be concerned w
20、ith privacy or personal space. But in a low-context culture, theres a feeling that we each have our own personal space. If you get too close, if you dont knock on doors before entering, thats 3: people feel violated. Theres a respect and a desire for privacy, and you also see that people might pay l
21、ess attention to body language because as I said the message is, the message is 4. They are not going to worry about all the details around it. What you say is the important thing or what you do is the important thing.（分数：8.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：a separate entity）填空项1:_（正确答案：individuality）填空项1:_（正确答案：an in
22、vasion of privacy）填空项1:_（正确答案：everything）解析：Negative stress is what most of us think of when we think of stress. And negative stress occurs logically enough in situations towards which one feels negatively. And those examples could be 1, a friends death and so on. But here a thing to remember is tha
23、t stress in itself is not hazardous, rather the danger is in 2 to the stress. So psychologists have found that if we develop appropriate ways to cope with stressful situations, individuals can reduce the physiological harm which is caused by stress, or which can be caused by stress. And thats what I
24、 want to talk a bit about today: what are these appropriate ways to deal with stress: how to minimize any negative reactions. The first thing that most psychologists suggest is to learn to recognize 3. We all have different types of stress signals, but individuals should monitor themselves for stres
25、s signals so that they can focus on minimizing or acknowledging the stress before 4. And common early signs for many people include irritability, 5, weight loss or even weight gain, smoking, drinking, increases in small errors. All kinds of things that people get which could be an early signal of st
26、ress. You can consider ways to protect yourself when you start seeing these signs coming on, so you might decide to withdraw from the stressful situation or 6 with equal amount of low stress activity time. That is really the first important way to deal with stress appropriately.（分数：12.00）填空项1:_（正确答案
27、：test-taking）填空项1:_（正确答案：the individuals reaction）填空项1:_（正确答案：your own stress signals）填空项1:_（正确答案：it gets out of control）填空项1:_（正确答案：insomnia）填空项1:_（正确答案：reward yourself）解析：Now, the second characteristic of active learners is to reflect on information and 1. Being reflective is an important part of
28、active learning because it means that you are 2. In other words, you are 3. For instance, you may make connections between the new information and 4, identify concepts that you may not understand very well or evaluate the importance of what you are reading. An active learner 5 in this way. In contra
29、st, passive learners may 6 and listen to lectures and even understand most of what is read and heard, but they do not take that crucial next step of actually thinking about it.（分数：12.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：think critically）填空项1:_（正确答案：thinking about the information）填空项1:_（正确答案：processing the information）填空项
30、1:_（正确答案：what you already know）填空项1:_（正确答案：reflects constantly）填空项1:_（正确答案：read the text）解析：The last characteristic, which I think is the most fundamental one, is to accept 1. Active learners understand that the responsibility for learning must come from within, while passive learners often want to
31、2 for their lack of motivation, 3, time management problems and other difficulties that they might experience. When active learners dont perform as well as theyve hoped, they evaluate why they didnt do well and 4 the next time. Passive learners, on the other hand, often approach every course in the
32、same manner, and then 5 when their performance is poor. It is only when students 6 for their own learning that they can truly be called active learners.（分数：12.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：much of the responsibility for learning）填空项1:_（正确答案：blame others）填空项1:_（正确答案：poor performance）填空项1:_（正确答案：change those studying behaviors）填空项1:_（正确答案：get angry with professors）填空项1:_（正确答案：accept the responsibility）解析：
