1、专业八级模拟618及答案解析 (总分：157.05，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：40.00)British Educational System. Primary and secondary education in Britain 1)Children go to primary school at the age of 1 . 2)Students attend secondary school until age sixteen. 3)Students enter
2、 higher education at the age of eighteen. . Higher education in Britain 1)In England and Wales: 2 for universities: through the UCCA 3 structured with a fixed program of classes Classes: a. Classes offered in the UK are on a(n) 4 basis increasingly; b. More emphasis is placed on 5 study; c. Students
3、 write more 6 and take fewer objective tests; d. Classes often take the following forms: 7 , tutorials, seminars. 2) 8 : A variety of tertiary level options are available: a. The colleges of further education provide vocational and 9 education; b. Central institutions dont directly validate degrees,
4、 but many have close ties to 10 ; c. The standard university degree is a four-year 11 . 3. 12 between the US and the UK higher education 1)Grading: In the UK, 13 are the most common form of study assessment; The US professors grade 14 than the UK professors. 2)Course levels: Basic courses are not 15
5、 at UK universities. （分数：40.05）三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：32.50)（分数：20.00）A.Getting rid of the chaos.B.Mastering organizational skills.C.Being creative.D.Asking for good advice.A.Women should be the leader.B.Women should learn to say no.C.Women should put things in order.D.Women should make time
6、 valuably spent.A.It can bring back our passion.B.It brings us back to our childhood.C.It can better our life.D.It makes us happy.A.Those who want to be perfect mother.B.Those who tend to take care of everything.C.Those who are always the heads of teams.D.Those who say harsh words to their husbands.
7、A.To introduce Amy Hendel.B.To introduce theI Feel Good Community Challenge.C.To let women realize they need to carve out me-time.D.To call on people to take part in theChallenge.（分数：12.50）A.To compare prices when buying.B.To ignore the high price.C.To buy things in advance.D.To wait to buy some bet
8、ter things.A.Dont read the number on the price tags.B.To ignore the high percentage of discount.C.To make sure the items are within your price range.D.To make a detailed calculation about the price.A.Stay focused are the key words when shopping.B.Kelly Grant tells Us to make a shopping list and chec
9、k it twice when shopping.C.Kelly Grant recommends the shop now, save later shopping way.D.Coupons are the things that the stores want you to come back again.A.Make a list and stay focused.B.Enjoy ourselves and buy whatever coming to mind.C.Buy the most money-saving items.D.Spend the money and save l
10、ater.A.Number trick.B.Group shopping.C.Coupons with purchase.D.Shop now, save later.四、PART READING COMPR(总题数：1，分数：33.00)SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four sugge
11、sted answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. PASSAGE ONE (1) She was an old woman and lived on a farm near the town in which I lived. All country and small-town people have seen such old women, but no one knows much about them. Such an old woman comes into tow
12、n driving an old worn-out horse or she comes afoot carrying a basket. She may own a few hens and have eggs to sell. She brings them in a basket and takes them to a grocer. There she trades them in. She gets some salt pork and some beans. Then she gets a pound or two of sugar and some flour. (2) Afte
13、rwards she goes to the butchers and asks for some dog-meat. She may spend ten or fifteen cents, but when she does she asks for something. Formerly the butchers gave liver to anyone who wanted to carry it away. In our family we were always having it. Once one of my brothers got a whole cows liver at
14、the slaughter-house near the fairgrounds in our town. We bad it until we were sick of it. It never cost a cent. I have hated the thought of it ever since. (3) The old farm woman got some liver and a soup-bone. She never visited with any one, and as soon as she got what she wanted she lit out for hom
15、e. It made quite a load for such an old body. No one gave her a lift. People drive fight down a road and never notice an old woman like that. (4) There was such an old woman who used to come into town past our house one Summer and Fall when I was a young boy and was sick with what was called inflamm
16、atory rheumatism. She went home later carrying a heavy pack on her back. Two or three large gaunt-looking dogs followed at her heels. (5) The old woman was nothing special. She was one of the nameless ones that hardly anyone knows, but she got into my thoughts. I have just suddenly now, after all th
17、ese years, remembered her and what happened. It is a story. Her name was Grimes, and she lived with her husband and son in a small unpainted house on the bank of a small creek four miles from town. (6) The husband and son were a tough lot. Although the son was but twenty-one, he had already served a
18、 term in jail. It was whispered about that the womans husband stole horses and ran them off to some other county. Now and then, when a horse turned up missing, the man had also disappeared. No one ever caught him. Once, when I was loafing at Tom Whiteheads livery-barn, the man came there and sat on
19、the bench in front. Two or three other men were there, but no one spoke to him. He sat for a few minutes and then got up and went away. When he was leaving he turned around and stared at the men. There was a look of defiance in his eyes. Well, I have tried to be friendly. You dont want to talk to me
20、. It has been so wherever I have gone in this town. If some day, one of your fine horses turns up missing, well, then what? He did not say anything actually. Id like to bust one of you on the jaw, was about what his eyes said. I remember how the look in his eyes made me shiver. (7) The old man belon
21、ged to a family that had had money once. His name was Jake Grimes. It all comes back clearly now. His father, John Grimes, had owned a sawmill when the country was new, and had made money. Then he got to drinking and running after women. When he died there wasnt much left. (8) Jake blew in the rest.
22、 Pretty soon there wasnt any more lumber to cut and his land was nearly all gone. (9) He got his wife off a German farmer, for whom he went to work one June day in the wheat harvest. She was a young thing then and scared to death. You see, the farmer was up to something with the girlshe was, I think
23、, a bound girl and his wife had her suspicions. She took it out on the girl when the man wasnt around. Then, when the wife had to go off to town for supplies, the farmer got after her. She told young Jake that nothing really ever happened, but he didnt know whether to believe it or not. (10) He got
24、her pretty easy himself, the first time he was out with her. He wouldnt have married her if the German farmer hadnt tried to tell him where to get off. He got her to go riding with him in his buggy one night when he was threshing on the place, and then he came for her the next Sunday night. (11) She
25、 managed to get out of the house without her employers seeing, but when she was getting into the buggy he showed up. It was almost dark, and he just popped up suddenly at the horses head. He grabbed the horse by the bridle and Jake got out his buggy-whip. (12) They had it out all right! The German w
26、as a tough one. Maybe he didnt care whether his wife knew or not. Jake hit him over the face and shoulders with the buggy-whip, but the horse got to acting up and he had to get out. (13) Then the two men went for it. The girl didnt see it. The horse started to run away and went nearly a mile down th
27、e road before the girl got him stopped. Then she managed to tie him to a tree beside the road. (I wonder how I know all this. It must have stuck in my mind from small-town tales when I was a boy.) Jake found her there after he got through with the German. She was huddled up in the buggy seat, crying
28、, scared to death. She told Jake a lot of stuff, how the German had tried to get her, how he chased her once into the barn, how another time, when they happened to be alone in the house together, he tore her dress open clear down the front. The German, she said, might have got her that time if he ha
29、dnt heard his old woman drive in at the gate. She had been off to town for supplies. Well, she would be putting the horse in the barn. The German managed to sneak off to the fields without his wife seeing. He told the girl he would kill her if she told. What could she do? She told a lie about rippin
30、g her dress in the barn when she was feeding the stock. I remember now that she was a bound girl and did not know where her father and mother were. Maybe she did not have any father. You know what I mean. (14) Such bound children were often enough cruelly treated. They were children who had no paren
31、ts, slaves really. There were very few orphan homes then. They were legally bound into some home. It was a matter of pure luck how it came out. PASSAGE TWO (1) In the not-so-distant past, experts solemnly forecast the extinction of American Indians. Resting on five centuries of history, this predict
32、ion was considered as certain as the passing of the seasons; and like the seasons, American Indians would pass into history, never to return. Of course, this prediction has yet to he fulfilled. And if there is a lesson here, it might be that past history may be the best guide to future behavior, but
33、 it is not infallible, especially in the long term. With this lesson in mind, a chapter with tomorrow in its title may seem a trifle reckless. However, the predictions that follow are modest. (2) These predictions rest on two rather simple though profoundly important facts: The American Indian popul
34、ation has been growing, and it is extremely diverse in many ways. Extrapolating these simple facts produces two equally simple predictions: In the future the American Indian population is certain to be larger, and it is certain to be more diverse. (3) The balance of this discussion reviews what past
35、 changes and present conditions may hold for American Indians in the future. An especially important matter concerns the forces behind the growing diversity of the American Indian population. (4) No one truly knows the magnitude of native population losses following 1492 because no one knows with ce
36、rtainty the size of the indigenous population at the time that Columbus made landfall in the Caribbean. There have been, of course, many informed guesses. The original inhabitants of this land were probably larger in number than the 1 million once believed to exist, but probably less than the 18 mil
37、lion proposed in recent estimates. In the absence of revolutionary new knowledge, these guesses are likely to become better informed in the future, but they will remain guesses nevertheless. (5) Despite the uncertainty of our knowledge, we do know that 500 years ago the Western Hemisphere was popula
38、ted by a number of complex civilizations that never reached maturity. The most highly developed of these cultures were located in Central America and South America, and our knowledge of them comes from the legacy of their artifactsartwork, housewares, and architecture. In the area of what is now the
39、 United States, smaller and somewhat less complex societies were prevalent. Their remains are scattered throughout the nation, especially in the Southwest and Midwest. These remnants are evidence that once-vigorous societies occupied this land and gave it up only lately to the newcomers from Europe.
40、 The land may not have been thickly settled, but neither was it the virgin territory of popular mythology. (6) After the arrival of Europeans, the descendants of the original Americans did not prosper. The importation of lethal diseases, extended periods of warfare, and episodes of genocide very nea
41、rly extinguished what is now the American Indian population. In a period of 400 years a once-thriving population that hosted a polyglot (通晓数种语言的人) of cultures was almost driven to extinction. At the end of the nineteenth century fewer than 250,000 American Indians were alive. In the aftermath of thi
42、s destruction the survivors coped in different ways. (7) For some American Indians in the late nineteenth century, the holocaust was dealt with in revitalization movements, such as the Ghost Dance, spreading through tribes in the Plains and the Southwest. The Ghost Dancers believed that their dance
43、would bring their ancestors to life and drive the white settlers from their lands. The official response to this movement was brutal repression that culminated in the Wounded Knee massacre of 1890. (8) Other American Indians coped with their situation by adopting the ways of the white settlers. Some
44、 tribes, such as the Cherokee, intermingled white ways with tribal customs and came to be known as civilized. In other instances, some American Indians made individual efforts to abandon their heritage and merge themselves with the dominant culture. To encourage this behavior, federal authorities pa
45、ssed further legislation to hasten the erosion of tribal culture. The Allotment Acts of the 1890s, for example, tried without much success to make yeoman farmers out of nomadic hunters in the plains. (9) Finally, other American Indians, believing, as Geronimo did, that the end of their civilization
46、was near, retired to the reservations to live in peace among their kinsmen. Toward these Indians the official response was benign neglect. At best, the reservations of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were viewed by many observers as the final resting places for ancient cultures tha
47、t would soon give way to modem industrial society. In anticipation of this, a virtual army of social scientists descended upon these communities to document their lifestyles for posterity. (10) The purpose of recounting this small bit of history is that it underscores the profound significance of Am
48、erican Indian population growth during this century. Since 1890 the American Indian population has grown almost continually, with the largest increase occurring between the 1970 and 1980 censuses. To be sure, the largest measure of this increase was due to changes in ethnic identity, though the actu
49、al percentage is impossible to determine. Nevertheless, that so many persons now identify themselves as American Indians reflects a profound shift in recent history, in what it means to be American Indian, and perhaps in American society as well. (11) Until recently, to identify as an American Indian was
