1、专业八级分类模拟 383及答案解析(总分：147.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：11，分数：130.00)1.但是比较起冬天来呢，我却又偏爱了秋。是的，就是现在，我觉得现在正合了我的歌子的节奏。我几乎说不出秋比冬为什么更好，也许因为那枝头的几片黄叶，或是那篱畔的几朵残花，在那些上边，是比较冬天更显示了生命，不然，是在那些上面，更使我忆起了生命吧，一只黄叶，一片残英，那在联系着过去与将来吧。它们将更使人凝视，更使人沉思，更使人怀想及希冀一些关于生活的事吧。这样，人曾感到了真实的存在。过去，现在，将来，世界是真实的，人生是真实的，一切都是真实的，所有的梦
2、境，所有的幻想，都是无用的了，无用的事物都一幕幕地掣了过去，我们要向着人生静默，祈祷，来打算一些真实的事物了。 给了人更远的希望，向前的鞭策，意识到了生之实在的，而且给人以“沉着”的力量的，是这正在凋亡着的秋。我爱秋天，我对于这荒凉的秋天有如一位多年的朋友。 （分数：10.00）_2.在学问上打下坚实的基础将使你终生受益。在学习的初级阶段，学校所有科目中最重要的是语言和数学。语言是阅读和交流的工具，中文不能，你就不能很好地表达自己；没有很好的掌握一门外语，你就会发现很难吸收外国的新知识。数学能训练人的逻辑思维。其他学科也各有用处，很难说哪一门更重要。比如，体育和音乐教育对于促进人的智力发展同样
3、是重要的。 （分数：15.00）_3.用拆字先生的办法，望文生义，家最初显然和猪圈有关，而家的发展，当然是让它越来越不像猪圈。不过，我并不喜欢那些一尘不染的家庭。清洁过了头，家反而不像家。家是给人住的，因此，我想一切都应该以让人不感到别扭为度。过分用心了，人便变成了家的奴隶，整天替家当保姆，不值得。一个让人羡慕的家庭环境，所有的布置，都应该是以能促进家庭成员彼此之间的健康和谐为基本的前提。一个好的家居，要充满人情味，太干净，太讲究，人情味必打折扣。有的人的家庭，喜欢收拾得仅供外宾参观似的，结果，作为家庭的主人，自己也成了无所适从的客人。 （分数：10.00）_4.都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高
4、。今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望，一种梦想。 我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。 （分数：12.50）_5.我的窗前有一棵树。那是一棵高大的洋槐。树冠差不多可达六层的楼顶。粗壮的树干与三层的阳台相齐，碧绿而茂密的树叶部分正
5、对着我的四楼的窗户。坐在我的书桌前，一树浓阴收入眼底。从春到秋，由晨至夜，任是着意的或是不经意抬头，终是满眼的赏心悦目。那树想必已生长了多年。我们还没搬来的时候，它就站立在这里了。或许，我还没出生的时候，它就已成为一棵树了。 （分数：10.00）_6.中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财
6、奴，但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正平和、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。 （分数：12.50）_7.猫的性格实在有些古怪。说它老实吧，它的确有时候很乖。它会找个暖和的地方，成天睡大觉，无忧无虑，什么事也不过问。可是，它决定要出去玩玩，就会出走一天一夜，任凭谁怎么呼唤，它也不肯回来。说它贪玩吧，的确是呀，要不怎么会一天一夜不回家呢?可是，它听到老鼠的一点响动，又是多么尽职。它屏息凝视，一连就是几个钟头，非把老鼠等出来不可! （分数：12.50）_8.事业愈大则困难亦愈甚，抵抗困难的时期也随之俱长，有的尽我们的一生尚不能目见其成者，我们若能尽其中
7、一段的工夫，替后人开辟一段道路，或长或短，即是贡献。有所成功以备后人参考，固是贡献；即因尝试而失败，使后人有所借镜，亦是贡献。所以能向前努力者，无论成败，都有贡献。最无丝毫贡献者是不干，怕失败而不干，或半途遇着困难即不愿干。 （分数：12.50）_9.这些自然现象，我国古代劳动人民称它为物候(phenological phenomena)。物候知识在我国起源很早。古代流传下来的许多农谚就包含了丰富的物候知识。到了近代，利用物候知识来研究农业生产，已经发展为一门科学，就是物候学(phenology)。物候学记录植物的生长荣枯，动物的养育往来，如桃花开、燕子来等自然现象，从而了解随着时节推移的气候
8、变化和这种变化对动植物的影响。 （分数：12.50）_10.金圣叹说过：“人生三十不仕，不当再仕，五十不娶，不当再娶。何则?用非其时也。”这一种说法，可代表中国人一般的普通思想。中国人的事业观，最羡慕“少年得志”，最伤感“大器晚成”。为了这个原因，便是有所成就的人，到了五十以上，便有退休的意思。六十七十的人若还在事业上努力，就有抽身不得的慨叹了。照人生上寿不过八十而言，为私人作一番打算，这种作风好像也有点道理。只是就事业的观点上说，就不对。因为越是有年纪的人，他的学识经验也就越丰富，大事业正需要这种人撑持。而且为人作事，也必须有个自信心。一老就觉得自己不行，那也透着我们生命力不强。扩而充之，整
9、个民族如此，那是我们一种自馁精神，对民族兴衰大有关系。欧美人之成大事业总在晚年，恰与我们的观点相反。最近有两个老人的行为，值得借鉴，正可给我们打一针兴奋剂。 （分数：12.50）_11.古人的茶道、围棋、抚琴，都以安静功课为根柢，传递出一种深长的静思意味。直到现在，如果能遇到一个自然深入的老者，看他品茶下棋，或者听他弹琴，会发现流露在外边的表演招式几乎没有，而给人流畅舒服的感觉，十分熨帖。这种生活举止甚是雅致，同时又很朴素，一点做作都没有。就连武术也是如此，凌厉的肢体动作都是配合呼吸，在沉静的气息间隙里有节奏地展开，如果在这些动静结合上稍有紊乱，也就全糟了。 （分数：10.00）_二、PART
10、 WRITING(总题数：1，分数：17.50)12.题目要求：In the Information Age, the mass media have been playing an ever more important role in shaping our society. In the following excerpt, the author lists the benefits as well as the setbacks brought about by the mass media. Read the excerpt carefully and write your resp
11、onse in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the author“s opinion about the mass media; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of ma
12、rks. We are told the mass media are the greatest organs for enlightenment that the world has yet seen; that in Britain, for instance, several million people see each issue of the current affairs programme, Panorama. It is true that never in human history were so many people so often and so much expo
13、sed to so many intimations about societies, forms of life attitudes other than those which obtain in their local societies. This kind of exposure may well be a point of departure for acquiring certain important intellectual and imaginative qualities, width of judgment, and a sense of the variety of
14、possible attitudes. Yet in itself such exposure does not bring intellectual or imaginative development. It is no more than the masses of stone which lie around in a quarry and which may, conceivably, go to the making of a cathedral. The mass media cannot build the cathedral, and their way of showing
15、 the stones does not always prompt others to build. For the stones are presented within a self-contained and self-sufficient world in which, it is implied, simply to look at them, to observefleetinglyindividually interesting points of difference between them, is sufficient in itself. Life is indeed
16、full of problems on which we have toor feel we should try tomake decisions, as citizens or as private individuals. But neither the real difficulty of these decisions, nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual, can often be communicated through the mass media. The disinclination to s
17、uggest real choice, individual decision, which is to be found in the mass media, is not simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy. It is within the grain of mass communication. The organs of the Establishment, however well-intentioned they may be and whatever their form (
18、the State, the Church, voluntary societies, political parties), have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked, and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which, though they go through the disp
19、ute and enquiry, do not break through the skin to where such enquiries might really hurt. They will tend to move, when exposing problems, well within the accepted clich assumptions of the society and will tend neither radically to question these clichs nor to make a disturbing application of them to
20、 features of contemporary life. They will stress the “stimulation“ the programs give, but this soon becomes an agitation of problems for the sake of the interest of that agitation itself; they will therefore, again, assist a form of acceptance of the status quo. There are exceptions to this tendency
21、, but they are uncharacteristic. The result can be seen in a hundred radio and television programs as plainly as in the normal treatment of public issues in the popular press. Different levels of background in the readers or viewers may be assumed, but what usually takes place is a substitute for th
22、e process of arriving at judgment. Programs such as this are noteworthy less for the “stimulation“ they offer than for the fact that that stimulation (repeated at regular intervals) may become a substitute for, and so a hindrance to, judgments arrived at and tested in the mind and on the pulses. Mas
23、s communications, then, do not ignore intellectual matters; they tend to castrate them, to allow them to sit on the side of the fireplace, sleek and useless, a family plaything. （分数：17.50）_专业八级分类模拟 383答案解析(总分：147.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：11，分数：130.00)1.但是比较起冬天来呢，我却又偏爱了秋。是的，就是现在，我觉得现在正合了我
24、的歌子的节奏。我几乎说不出秋比冬为什么更好，也许因为那枝头的几片黄叶，或是那篱畔的几朵残花，在那些上边，是比较冬天更显示了生命，不然，是在那些上面，更使我忆起了生命吧，一只黄叶，一片残英，那在联系着过去与将来吧。它们将更使人凝视，更使人沉思，更使人怀想及希冀一些关于生活的事吧。这样，人曾感到了真实的存在。过去，现在，将来，世界是真实的，人生是真实的，一切都是真实的，所有的梦境，所有的幻想，都是无用的了，无用的事物都一幕幕地掣了过去，我们要向着人生静默，祈祷，来打算一些真实的事物了。 给了人更远的希望，向前的鞭策，意识到了生之实在的，而且给人以“沉着”的力量的，是这正在凋亡着的秋。我爱秋天，我对
25、于这荒凉的秋天有如一位多年的朋友。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Yes, it is just now! This season is just toned in harmony with the rhythm of my song. I could hardly figure out the reason why autumn is better than winter. Perhaps because those several yellow leaves clinging onto the branches, or a few withered flowers by the
26、 fence, both displaying the sign of life, which you cannot expect of winter; or perhaps they are more likely to remind me of life than winter is. It is a yellow leaf and a withered flower that are connecting the past and the future. They make you gaze at them, reflect upon them, and they may even br
27、ing past memories to mind and give you hope for the future life. In this way, we can feel the reality of existence.2.在学问上打下坚实的基础将使你终生受益。在学习的初级阶段，学校所有科目中最重要的是语言和数学。语言是阅读和交流的工具，中文不能，你就不能很好地表达自己；没有很好的掌握一门外语，你就会发现很难吸收外国的新知识。数学能训练人的逻辑思维。其他学科也各有用处，很难说哪一门更重要。比如，体育和音乐教育对于促进人的智力发展同样是重要的。 （分数：15.00）_正确答案：()解析
28、：To lay a solid foundation on knowledge will benefit you for a lifetime. At the primary period of study, the most important subjects are language and math. Language is a tool for reading and communication: if you can“t use Chinese well, then you cannot express yourself excellently; not having graspe
29、d a foreign language well, you will find it difficult to accept the new foreign knowledge. Math can help people to practice logical thinking. Other subjects are also very useful, and it“s difficult to tell which one is more important. For example, on promoting the development of intelligence, physic
30、al and music education are equally important. 第一句中，以 to do不定式短语作主语，既强调了“在学问上打下坚实基础”的重要性，又使表达简洁有力。“终生受益”译为 benefit sb. for a lifetime。 2第三句难点在于理顺句子之间的关系，运用恰当的表达方法。“没有很好的掌握一门外语”译为 not having grasped a foreign language well，运用现在分词短语作状语，使得句子简练，结构紧凑。 3第四句中，“训练人的逻辑思维”可译为“practise logical thinking”。 4最后一句中
31、，译文将“on promoting the development of intelligence”这一成分提前，使译文更加地道，符合英文表达习惯。“促进人的智力发展”译为 promote the development of intelligence。3.用拆字先生的办法，望文生义，家最初显然和猪圈有关，而家的发展，当然是让它越来越不像猪圈。不过，我并不喜欢那些一尘不染的家庭。清洁过了头，家反而不像家。家是给人住的，因此，我想一切都应该以让人不感到别扭为度。过分用心了，人便变成了家的奴隶，整天替家当保姆，不值得。一个让人羡慕的家庭环境，所有的布置，都应该是以能促进家庭成员彼此之间的健康和谐为
32、基本的前提。一个好的家居，要充满人情味，太干净，太讲究，人情味必打折扣。有的人的家庭，喜欢收拾得仅供外宾参观似的，结果，作为家庭的主人，自己也成了无所适从的客人。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Like people who divine fortunes by analyzing the component parts of a Chinese character, I“d conclude that a home at its very initial was evidently associated with a pigsty (The Chinese equivalent
33、for home is typically ideographic. The upper part of the character represents a roof while the lower part means pig). But with the gradual development of the human“s residence, a home dissociates itself farther and farther away from that place. However, I don“t like a home that is kept completely ne
34、at and clean. If overdone, a home ceases being a home. A home is a place for people to live in; therefore everything should be measured against the standard where people feel free at home. Excessive attention to one“s dwelling turns one into a slave in bondage to the architecture, and a round-the-cl
35、ock housekeeper. It“s hardly worth the while. The layout and ambience of an enviable home should be designed to guarantee the health of each and every family member and promote domestic harmony. An ideal home should be pervaded by human feelings, if too clean and too dainty, the place will have its
36、human touch abridged.4.都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高。今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望，一种梦想。 我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。 （分数：12.50）_正确答案：()解析：I think eve
37、ryone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own, namely, his inner world. Just as there is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, so is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are
38、universally known, may probably be in that human beings have the inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great is the importance that everyone atta
39、ches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones that merely a minor disease would enduringly weigh on his mind. However, not everyone cares about the inner world, delighted or gloomy, of himself and his beloved ones.5.我的窗前有一棵树。那是一棵高大的洋槐。树冠差不多可达六层的楼顶。粗壮的树干与三层的
40、阳台相齐，碧绿而茂密的树叶部分正对着我的四楼的窗户。坐在我的书桌前，一树浓阴收入眼底。从春到秋，由晨至夜，任是着意的或是不经意抬头，终是满眼的赏心悦目。那树想必已生长了多年。我们还没搬来的时候，它就站立在这里了。或许，我还没出生的时候，它就已成为一棵树了。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：There is a tree in front of my window. It is a tall locust tree, which is nearly as high as six floors of my house. Its thick trunk is rightly leveled
41、 with the balcony of the third floor, and its green and thick leaves are facing my window on the fourth floor. Sitting at the desk, I can have a panoramic view of the thick leaves. From spring to autumn, and day to night, I can always have a pleasing eye of the tree as I raise my head intentionally
42、or casually. I guess that the tree had grown up for many years, because it had been standing here before we moved here. Perhaps, it had been a tree before I was born.6.中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此
43、欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正平和、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。 （分数：12.50）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese people have never regarded human being as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times, whose behavior in both philosophy and arts takes up a rather
44、 appropriate proportion with all others in the natural world, but not as an absolute dominant ruler. Therefore, our bitterness and depression are, by and large, less than those of westerners, because the degree of which is changing with the growing of our desire and ambition. People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their wants are far less either. Moreover, ancient Chinese always treat “not confined by material things, not dri
