1、专业八级分类模拟 336 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：6，分数：100.00)1.题目要求：Beauty contests are popular in many parts of the world. There are different kinds of beauty contests. Adult women“s beauty contests are the most popular and high-profile version. Meanwhile, there is a constant debate on whether
2、 beauty contests are a good thing or not. The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, cont
3、ent sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Naomi: Beauty contests are patriarchal. Beauty contests promote an ideal of female beauty to which only a minority of women can realistically aspire, but which add to the press
4、ure on all women to conform to it. This can be harmful to women by encouraging dieting, eating disorders and cosmetic surgery, or simply by making them feel inadequate and ugly by comparison to this “ideal“ that is promoted. Moreover, these contests force the models and contestants to look even slim
5、mer and perfect all the time, thus encouraging anorexia and bulimia. Elizabeth: Beauty contests are an avenue of opportunity that women are entitled to pursue. In an environment where women are valued solely on their appearance, and in which there are more opportunities for men, beauty contests give
6、 women an opportunity to improve their situations. Winning a beauty contest can be the first step toward a successful life in the future. Many Hollywood actresses are former beauty queens, and they would not have reached their success without the beauty contests they won. In addition, the winners of
7、 high-profile beauty contests are able to publicize charities and causes they feel strongly aboutthey have a public platform they could not otherwise have gained. Beauty pageants can also empower in other ways: The Miss America competition is the largest provider of scholarship assistance for women
8、in the world; indeed it pioneered assistance for women in higher education in the 40“s and 50“s. Pen: Beauty contests objectify women. Women in beauty contests are judged on their physical appearance rather than on any other qualities they may possess (the existence of a “talent“ element in many suc
9、h contests is all very well, but ugly women simply aren“t going to win). Judging women, but not men, primarily on their looks contributes to the subjugation of women because other qualities, such as intelligence, are not seen as part of ideal femininity and therefore not as things to which women sho
10、uld aspire. Seth: Self defined feminists do not have the right to dictate how other women relate to their femininity. A ban is a very blunt instrument with which to attack a practice. Banning beauty contests would do little to destroy the ideal of beauty as it is prevalent in many other areas of soc
11、iety which are unrelated to Beauty Pageants, such as advertising, fashion and the entertainment industry. The only result of a ban will simply be to reduce the choice of womenwho of course do choose to participate. Choice is fundamentally a good thing and everyone should have as many choices as poss
12、ible so long as they are not limiting the choice of others. Obasanjo: The image of female beauty promoted by beauty contests is culturally specific and westernit doesn“t matter how many Asian women win the Miss World. They can only do so if they take part in the swimsuit competition, which may well
13、not be considered appropriate dress in their cultures. This clash of cultures has led to numerous protests, demonstrations and even violence when beauty contests are going on. （分数：16.50）_2.题目要求：Reality TV, the programme that shows things really taking place rather than drama or comedy that follows a
14、 script, has become very popular over the past decade with shows such as “Happy Camp“, “Where are we going, Dad“ and “If you are the one“ attracting a big audience and making a lot of money for broadcasters worldwide. Whether reality TV is a good thing or not? The following are opinions of different
15、 people. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above in
16、structions may result in a loss of marks. Becker Reality TV encourages people to pursue celebrity status, and discourages the value of hard work. Reality shows send a bad message and help to create a cult of instant celebrity. They are typically built around shameless self-promotion, based on humili
17、ating others and harming relationships for the entertainment of each other and the viewers at home. These programmes suggest that anyone can become famous just by getting on TV and “being themselves“, without working hard or having any particular talent. James Reality TV is popular and TV producers
18、should give the audience what they want. They may not be high culture but most people do want that from television. Most viewers want to be entertained and to escape for a while from the worries and boredom of their everyday life. Therefore, there is no harm in giving people what they wantthat is wh
19、at the free market is all about. Reality shows are also popular because they exploit new technology so that millions of people can participate in the programmetypically by voting. Jury Reality shows make for bad, lazy and corrupting television programmes, encouraging such behavior in society. They m
20、ostly show ordinary people with no special talents doing very little. If they have to sing or dance, then they do it badlywhich doesn“t make for good entertainment. They rely on humiliation and conflict to create excitement. Furthermore, the programmes are full of swearing, crying and argument, and
21、often violence. This sends a message to people that this is normal behavior and helps to create a crude, selfish society. Sanneh Reality shows force us to analyse our own behavior, which has a high value to our society. They are effective anthropological experiments, allowing the public to study peo
22、ple and the society from the comfort of their living rooms. In these programmes we see people like us in tricky situations. It also shows us people who look and act very differently from us, and helps us see that actually we have a lot in common with them. There is nothing immoral about reality show
23、s. They are just a product of our values and desires. Poniewozik Reality shows are not “real“. Reality TV is dishonestit pretends to show “reality“ but it actually distorts the truth to suit the programme makers. Mostly they show a bunch of young, good-looking serf-publicists, who will do anything t
24、o get on TV. Usually the programme makers try to ensure excitement by picking people who are likely to clash with each other. They then place them in unnatural situations, and give them strange challenges in order to provoke them into behaving oddly. Finally the makers film their victims for hundred
25、s of hours from all angles, but only show the most dramatic parts. Selective editing may be used to create “storylines“ and so further manipulate the truth of what happened. （分数：16.50）_3.题目要求：Could introducing disincentives to fat consumption curb the obesity epidemic? Should a flat tax on food item
26、s high (in excess of 20% of the daily requirements) on saturated fats, salt and sugar be implemented? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give you
27、r comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Finlesh The obesity epidemic is taking an enormous toll on global medical costs. In the US, alone the health care co
28、sts attributable to either direct or indirect consequences of obesity have been estimated at $147bn. Put into context, this amounts to roughly 9% of the health spending in the US. Thus, it becomes increasingly clear that due to the substantial cost obesity presents to the society, individual choices
29、 that might lead to excessive weight gain, can no longer be considered as solely individual in nature. Therefore, the government makes its action legal by introducing a form of a flat tax in order to dissuade the population from becoming obese and cover the increasing societal costs that the obese i
30、ndividuals are responsible for. Tiffin Other than the economic reasons for such behavior, it could be argued that it is also a thing of habit and culture: fast fatty food is quick, accessible and tasty. Thus while a tax might be useful in reducing things such as the use of cigaretteswhich are at hea
31、rt an unnecessary “luxury“ and thus more easily affected by the priceeating food, whether junk or not, is necessary. It also seems that the kind of fast fatty food is fulfilling a specific need, a need for a quick, tasty and filling meal, something people consider worth paying good money for. Altman
32、 There is ample precedent in the form of other “sin“ taxes. A sin tax refers to fees tacked on to popular vices like drinking, gambling and smoking. Given the success achieved with uprooting this societal vice, which on a number of counts is similar to the unhealthy food one, we should employ this t
33、ried and true strategy to combat the obesity epidemic. Wilkinson A flat tax infringes on individual choice. Protecting the individual should go no further than the protection against the actions of a third person. For instance, we can all agree that the government should put measures in place to pro
34、tect us from thieves. But should it also protect us from frivolous spending? Limit us in the number of credit cards we can own? Tell us how we can invest our money? Burns A flat tax levels out the playing field for healthier food. An important reason why people continuously turn to unhealthy fat, su
35、gar and salt laden food, is the simple fact that it“s often cheaper than a more wholesome meal comprised at least in part of fresh produce. Thus it is only reasonable to levy a tax against unhealthy, fatty food in order to give healthy food a fighting chance. Stracansky It hits the most vulnerable p
36、art of the society hardest. The practical consequence of an additional tax on what the government considers fatty unhealthy food will disproportionately affect the poorest part of the population, who often turn to such food due to economic constraints. People keep turning to junk food simply because
37、 they are poor and cannot afford the more expensive fresh produce. （分数：16.50）_4.题目要求：It is commonly believed that one needs higher education in order to succeed, but is college education really necessary? Is a university degree a prerequisite to success? Read the excerpts carefully and write your re
38、sponse in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Linda (China
39、) I am in college but find the information I am being taught pretty much useless in the real world. Attending college is necessary to get a job in today“s world but the actual information learned is a waste of time, and it is getting tough to land a good job even with a bachelor“s degree. Kapiooie (
40、Canada) Does a college degree guarantee someone is necessarily better? Absolutely not. But put yourself in the place of the hiring manager. If you have the choice of two people you don“t really know, are you going to hire the one with the college degree or the one without? If you can afford it, get
41、the college degree. Even if you never use it, it will forever prevent someone from questioning your educational background. Vivienne (France) I think college education is essential in life but it is not a must. Four years“ study in college is a precious experience since we spend our best and most pr
42、oductive years in college. I have noticed that a college degree may offer opportunities. However, wages you will get in the future depend on many other factors such as your personality, competence and in some cases, good luck. Kerrie (the US) Attending college is a worthwhile endeavor. In the modern
43、 American job market it has become nearly impossible to pursue a lifelong career that pays well and offers stability and the possibility of promotion without a college degree. This means even those who struggle with student loans, but complete degrees, are still better off in the long run than their
44、 peers who did not attend college. Anderson (Germany) I think college education is worthy. At university, people should be taught how to think, how to analyze, how to solve problems, increase interaction between lecturers and students, more than just listen. Students can learn to follow their dreams
45、 by investing time, effort and money on their goals at university. Msacks (the US) College is for some people; it“s not for all. We“ve been brainwashed that the only way to be successful is to go to college, and that degrees translate into success. If you want to be a doctor, lawyer, or other fields
46、 that require degrees, go for it. My first 2.5 years of work experience helped me 1,000 times more than my 5 years of college getting my bachelor“s and master“s degree. But if you really are a self-motivated, self-directed worker, college can be a hindrance rather than a help. Weld (the UK) There ar
47、e many paths. We should not push every kid into college. Some should go to college, others to high tech vocational training, and others, maybe straight into business. （分数：16.50）_5.题目要求：Many parents have to think hard about the gifts that their children should give teachers on Teachers“ Day. But shou
48、ld teachers accept these gifts from parents or their students? Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions about this issue; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Ave (the UK) I find the concept of Teachers“ Day a bit odd. It is not something that happens in the UK as far as I know. In the UK,
