1、专业八级分类模拟 332 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、WRITING(总题数：6，分数：100.00)1.题目要求：Mainland China has 30 nuclear power reactors in operation, 22 under construction, and more about to start construction. However, whether to develop nuclear power is a heated debate among the public. The following are opinions f
2、rom different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow
3、the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. The authority Nuclear power plays an important role, especially in the coastal areas remote from the coalfields and where the economy is developing rapidly. Generally, nuclear plants can be built close to centres of demand, whereas suitable wind
4、and hydro sites are remote from demand. Moves to build nuclear power commenced in 1970 and in about 2005 the industry moved into a rapid development phase. Technology has been drawn from France, Canada and Russia, with local development based largely on the French element. The latest technology acqu
5、isition has been from the US (via Westinghouse, owned by Japan“s Toshiba) and France. The State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation (SNPTC) has made the Westinghouse AP1000 the main basis of technology development in the immediate future, particularly evident in the local development of CAP1400 bas
6、ed on it. This has led to a determined policy of exporting nuclear technology, based on China“s development of the CAP1400 reactor with Chinese intellectual property rights and backed by full fuel cycle capability. The general public Eric: A nuclear facility, from construction through operation, is
7、a tremendous economic engine. The construction of only one new plant will initially create 1,700 jobs with the promise of additional highly paid, skilled employment, and eventually will generate $ 400 million to $ 600 million in revenue for the community. Michael: When three nuclear reactors in Japa
8、n literally exploded across our TV screens in March 2011, it forever put to rest the lie that nuclear power is safe. No government had ever contemplated such a scenario. But unlike the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, which the US nuclear industry successfully laid at the feet of an inept Soviet nuclear pro
9、gram, there was no such alibi at Fukushima. There are 23 reactors in the US virtually identical to those that exploded at Fukushima. While new reactor designs are purportedly better (although none yet has been tested in real-life situations), the reality is that these new designs are better in the s
10、ame way that a 2012 Ford is safer than a 1972 Ford. Car accidents still happen. So will nuclear accidents. It is not possible to make an inherently dangerous technology inherently safe. Antonio: In the coming decades, we will be challenged to simultaneously meet the rising electricity demand and red
11、uce emissions of greenhouse gases. To meet this challenge, the United States must establish a comprehensive and sustainable national energy policy that supports the development of technology-based, low-carbon solutions. Nuclear energy has an important role to play in helping us meet that challenge.
12、Bruce: The waste produced by nuclear reactors needs to be disposed off at a safe place since they are extremely hazardous and can leak radiations if not stored properly. Such kind of waste emits radiations from tens to hundreds of years. The storage of radioactive waste has been a major bottleneck f
13、or the expansion of nuclear programs. The nuclear wastes contain radio isotopes with long half-lives. This means that the radio isotopes stay in the atmosphere in some form or the other. These reactive radicals make sand or water contaminated. It is known as mixed waste. The mixed wastes cause hazar
14、dous chemical reactions and lead to dangerous complications. The radioactive wastes are usually buried under sand and are known as vitrification. But these wastes can be used to make nuclear weapons. （分数：16.50）_2.题目要求：A resignation letter by a middle school teacher who wrote, “the world is so big th
15、at I want to have a look“, has fueled online debate. If you had a decent job, would you quit it to travel? Why or why not? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different
16、opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Christine (China) I must confess I love to travel a lot, but it“s going to be insane if I quit
17、my job just to travel. When I am back from having fun I am afraid there will be no work to do. Still, it“s a difficult decision and each one of us has to weigh it. Joji (the US) I love to travel and have been to many European countries. I am now concentrating on local travel here in the US. I have m
18、any co-workers who have never ventured out of the US, even to Canada! I tell them not to wait until retirement as it might be too late. They tell me that they are tied down because of all the debts and mortgage. I say if there“s a will, there“s a way. Cory (Portugal) I find it really brave to let it
19、 all go and one day decide: Yep, that“s it. I“m quitting my job and I“m going to travel around the world. It“s quite a cultural thing as well. For instance, I“ve seen a couple of colleagues doing that here in the UK, whereas I don“t know anyone in Portugal who would ever do that. We plan for the fut
20、ure, to save for the time when we grow older or to save for our kids. So unless you are rich, we would struggle to follow our dreams. But I do agree that life is too short, and I have no clue what happens tomorrow, so I“m trying to slow down in terms of work and travel here and there. Linda (China)
21、I“ve recently been thinking about quitting my job and traveling around the world for a year. And then, who knows what after that? Even though I love the company I work for, my passion is traveling (among other things) and experiencing new things! Cnee (China) I“ve thought about quitting my job and t
22、raveling around the world to learn more about myself and what I want to do with my life. But my morn believes that it is a bad idea because she thinks that I work for a great company and I should just stick to it and wait for a promotion. Currently, I am not married and have no kids. I still live wi
23、th my mom and I am in my 20s. I feel like it“s a good time to travel. But I am also told that it is a good time to build my career. Emma (Canada) I spent four months traveling through South America, followed by four months in Southeast Asia. I“m home for a few weeks until the next leg of the journey
24、. Whether I know what“s round the comer, how my career will end up, what future employers will think, one thing is for sure: I don“t regret the decision at all. The type of experience you get is so unique and will shape your ideas and perspectives on how you see yourself and the world. It influences
25、 the path you choose to take in a way that cements your happiness. （分数：16.50）_3.题目要求：Smoking bans in public places are becoming more and more common in many countries. Whether the rights of the non-smokers to breathe in fresh air outweigh those of the smokers to smoke freely is a matter of opinion,
26、manifesting itself in a heated smoking ban debate. In the following excerpt, the author states the effect of the smoking ban. Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the author“s opinion; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awa
27、rded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. The English smoking ban came into force on July 1,2007. Smoking is banned in almost all enclosed public spaces, including pubs, restaurants and
28、on public transport. Only places that are “like homes“ or are specifically excluded by the health secretary are exempt from the ban. In essence, smoking is only allowed outdoors and in private homes. Posters must be displayed in all workplaces reminding people that smoking is illegal. Individuals wh
29、o defy the ban face a 50 on-the-spot fine; businesses can be fined 200 for allowing smoking or not displaying the signs. There are many shocking things about the smoking banor, at least, they would be shocking if we were not inured to them. First, there“s the fact that the flimsy evidence that passi
30、ve smoking causes any significant harm is taken seriously. According to figures from Action on Smoking and Health (ASH)Britain“s fundamentalist anti-smoking lobby groupthe incidence of lung cancer for non-smokers is about 10 cases per 100,000 people. Regular passive smoking (that is, living with a s
31、moking partner, not just encountering one in bars or restaurants) increases that by about 25 percent12.5 cases per 100,000. So, even if these figures are correct, passive smoking causes 2.5 cases of lung cancer per 100,000 of the population; to put it another way, these are odds of 40,000-to-one of
32、potentially getting lung cancer from passive smoking. On the basis of these remote risks, a war against smokers has been built. The second shocking thing is that governments now believe it is their righteven dutyto decide what vices we engage in. In this, the UK is not alone. From Argentina to Zambi
33、a, governments and local authorities have been queuing up to make it extremely difficult for people to indulge in filthy habits. Only this week, the Dutch joined the smoking ban club, exactly a year after England“s pubs and restaurants went smoke-free (or “smokefree“ to use the single-word, Orwellia
34、n Newspeak preferred by the New Labour government). On the same day, patients in England“s mental institutions received the “protection“ of the law, toothat is, they will from now on be “protected“ from smoke by a super-killjoy ban on smoking even in hospitals for the mentally ill. Another shocking
35、thing is the way in which the people have been browbeaten into accepting this kind of state intervention. A quarter of the population is actively engaged, at some time or other, in the pastime of smoking; and most of the rest of the population was once happy to tolerate that pastime. Yet a noisy min
36、ority, joining forces with governments that are increasingly keen to micromanage our most personal affairs and behaviour, has managed to criminalize a perfectly normal activity. This state of affairs has been accepted with barely a murmur of protest. The consequences for our everyday life have been
37、profound. Smokers are now marked out as “undesirables“, shunted on to the street or to some other open area to partake in their evil habit. The simple business of socializing has been undermined: alcohol-fueled chatter is persistently interrupted by the disappearance of smokers to the nearest open s
38、pace. Many people, particularly the elderly, for whom getting up and walking outside every time they want a cigarette is something of an ordeal, are visiting pubs less and less. There is something rather inhumane in the zealous anti-smoking crusade, where the health authorities and their cheerleader
39、s seem happy to make our life worse in the name of “protecting us“ from harm. （分数：16.50）_4.题目要求：In recent years, TV talent shows have burst onto our screens with a vengeance. With most showing ordinary members of the public competing for a large monetary prize, they are only increasing in popularity
40、. So, what“s your opinion on the talent show? Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the author“s opinion; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quali
41、ty. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. A point often brought up these days is that every young person wants to be famous “just for fame“s sake“. A generation is growing up in a society that embraces the status of celebrity, even when some celebrities actually do
42、not appear to “do“ anything much. With days gone by, celebrity status was achieved by being “good“ at somethingand not just “good“, but one of the best in the game. Now, however, we have celebrities gracing the covers of magazines who do not actually seem to possess any particular talents at all. Ta
43、ke “Big Brother“ contestants for example. Even though the fame might not be long lasting, for a period of time a certain percentage of the population wants to read about them. It is the era of the five-minute fame. Perhaps there is nothing wrong with languishing in your five-minute fame. If you have
44、 your head on the shoulders and your feet on the ground, then why not go for it? But is it a different story when young people put all their hopes and dreams into becoming famous, instead of focusing on a traditional career? It sounds silly, but if you actually watch the auditions of many TV talent
45、shows, there will always be contestants who admit that all they want in life is to be famous. Obviously, these are often the unsuccessful, but it gives us a glimpse into the psyche of some young people. Brought up on a diet of reality TV shows and celebrity magazines, many seem to have lost both the
46、 ambition and the desire to work hard towards a credible goal. They think they can “make it“ without the drive and determination, long hours and sacrifices. It“s not all about those who audition, either. Thousands of impressionable young people are fixated on shows like these, and become convinced t
47、hat this is the path to the good life. Rather than nurture an ambition to become a doctor, scientist, teacher, etc., too many teens assumed that success can be reached by being noticed in a TV talent show. Most of these young people will never have a shot at “making it“, simply because they do not p
48、ossess the talent needed. Some seem to exist in a state of delusion, oblivious to the fact that they are just not up to the marks. The truth is that over 100,000 competitors may audition for a TV talent show, and only a handful of them will make the finals. Instant rejection may come as a short, sharp shockand even then, many declare they will not give up but return again the following year. Some even verbally attack the judges who put an end to their dreams, convincing the rejection is a gross misjudgment. （分数：16.50）_5.题目要求：Vi
