1、专业八级-1085 及答案解析(总分：94.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)I. Causes of Breakdowns in (1) (1) _1. On students part insufficient command over the (2) of English (2) _ poor pronunciation2. On teachers part uncertainty of whether his student has asked a question t
2、he students (3) to employ the correct question form (3)_ the teacher interprets the question as a comment difficulties arising even when the student employs an/a (4) (4)_question form the teacher may not know about the (5) of the student (5)_difficulty. Specific Questions1. Begin questions with an/a
3、 (6) . (6) _2. Be careful to (7) the exact point. (7) _III. Another Reason for the Correct Use of (8) Politeness (8) _1. The students uses the imperative (9) the question form (9) _when he is nervous or struggling with new subject matter.2. The teacher may interpret it as (10) and feel angry. (10) _
4、（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).When does dreaming occur?A. During passive sleep. B. During active sleepC. Between passive sleep and active sleep D. After active sleep.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why do we need active sleep?A. To
5、 prepare for passive sleep. B. To rest our body.C. To stay healthy. D. To help us rest our minds.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which kind of dream is amongst the most common types?A. Dreams of violence. B. Dreams about falling.C. Anxiety dreams. D. Dreams about famous people.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the
6、cause of recurring dreams?A. The individual has an unresolved problem in his waking life.B. The individual is suffering from low level toothache.C. The individual has a significant period in his baby life.D. The individual wish to escape from something.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is scientists attitud
7、e towards the saying that dreams about future will come true?A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Not mentioned.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：5.00)1.What happened on Thursday?A. Israel announced plans to build up to 750 new homes in a Jewish settlement.B. A Palestinian gunman killed eigh
8、t students at a Jewish seminary.C. Israel stepped up security across the country.D. Olmert promised to fight militants in the West Bank and Gaza.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.How much will Ford provide as pension funds to the employees of Jaguar and Land Rover?A. $600m. B. $10bn. C. $2.5bn. D. $2,500.（分数：1.00）
9、A.B.C.D.3.There will be a large upsurge in cases of cholera in Haiti because_.A. more aftershocks are around the cornerB. all efforts aiming to slow the spread of the disease in the capital city have failedC. the water and sanitation systems have been damagedD. it is a highly infectious disease（分数：1
10、.00）A.B.C.D.(1).General Ban Ki-moon is urging the Burmese government toA. hold the constitutional referendum. B. allow in foreign search and rescue teams.C. accept international aid right away. D. adopt John Holmes suggestions.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).John Holmes thought that the Burmese government coul
11、d be more _following the constitutional referendum.A. naive B. feasible C. open D. elastic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Video conferencing is gradually becoming an accepted means in which to do business. For a long time is suffered from the image of the v
12、ideo conferencing suite, cumbersome and expensive to operate with long booking lead times. Its use tended to be confined to special executive meetings on different continents and its practicality for everyday uses tended to be overlooked. That was perfectly understandable given the state of the tech
13、nology But desktop video conferencing entered the market with an explosion of publicity several years ago and has been growing at a steady rate since. Market predictions show growth rates of around 60-100% year on year as more and more companies are beginning to embrace the concepts and applications
14、 of video conferencing.Changes in the way we work are going to provide one of the most important, spurs to the growth in the use of this technology. Mobile working is making traditional communications methods obsolete and rapid information exchange a priority. Video conferencing is well positioned t
15、o help companies who have a heavy reliance on immediate employee communications to meet this need in the ever-changing working environment.For those who are new to video conferencing it is worth defining the key areas of video conferencing to help in under- standing the market. Video conferencing en
16、ables audio and video transmission between separate locations from anywhere in the world. Video conferences can be point-to-point exactly like a telephone call, or multi-point enabling virtual meetings amongst three or more locations to take place, both most commonly using an ISDN network.Multi-poin
17、t conferences require a physical device called a Multi-point Contro Unit (MCU) or “bridge“. The MCUs function is to recognize that each participant is using an industry standard and then connect all the participants together. The technical complexities of operating a bridge requires a telecom depart
18、ment within a organization, However most choose to avoid the costs and work associated with this and use a multi-point service provider which is where AT not on the Earth, but in the Sun; in fact, at the Suns very center. Its here that is to be found the source of the energy that the Sun constantly
19、pours out into space as light and heat. This energy is liberated at the center of the Sun as billions upon bil lions of nuclei hydrogen atoms collide with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium, and, in do ing so, release some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. The o
20、utput of light and heat of the Sun requires that some 600 million tons of hydrogen be converted into helium in the Sun every second. This the Sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years.The nuclear energy is released at the Suns center as high - energy gamma radiation, a form of el
21、ectro magnetic radiation like light and radio waves only of very much shorter wavelength. This gamma radiation is absorbed by atoms inside the Sun, to be reemitted at slightly longer wavelengths. This radiation, in its turn, is absorbed and reemitted. At the energy filters through the layers of the
22、solar interior, it passes through the X - ray part of the spectrum, eventually becoming light. At this stage, it has reached what we call the solar sur face, and can escape into space, without being absorbed farther by solar atoms. A very small fraction of the Suns light ,ma heat is emitted in such
23、directions that, after passing unhindered through interplanetary space, it hits the Earth.A simple magnifying glass, focusing the Suns rays, can scoarch, a piece of wood or set a Scrap of paper on fire. Solar radiation can also be concentrated on a much larger scale. It can burn a hole through thick
24、 steel plate, for example, or simulate the thermal shock of a nuclear blast. It can, that is, with the help of a super reflector of the sort that has been set up by French scientists high in the Pyreness. The worlds largest solar furnace is a complex of nearly 20,000 mirrors. It can concentrate enou
25、gh sunlight to create temperatures in excess of 6000 degrees Fahrenheit.The furnaces appearance is as spectacular as its power. Its glittering eight - story - high reflector towers over very old houses. Anchored against a concrete office and laboratory building, the huge reflector consists of nearly
26、 9000 separate mirrors. For the furnace to operate, these small mirrors must be adjusted so that their light will meet exactly at a focal point 59 feet in front of the giant reflector.（分数：3.00）(1).What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The production of solar light and heat.B. The physical and chem
27、ical nature of life.C. The conversion of Hydrogen to helium.D. Radiation in the X - ray part of the spectrum.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the Suns light travels _.A. through solid objects in spaceB. in many different directionsC. more slowly than scientists previousl
28、y believedD. further in summer than in winter（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which sentence proves that setting the giant reflector is a delicate operation?A. The first sentence in the last paragraph.B. The second sentence in the last paragraph.C. The last sentence in the last paragraph.D. The last sentence in
29、 the third paragraph.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Imagine a chart that begins when man first appeared on the planet and tracks the economic growth of societies from then forward. It would be a long, flat line until the late 16th or early 17th century, when it would start trending upward. Before then the fruits
30、of productive labor were limited to a few elites princes, merchants and priests. For most of humankind life was as the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes famously described it in 1651 “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short“. But as Hobbes was writing those words, the world around him was changing
31、. Put simply, human beings were getting smarter.People have always sought knowledge, of course, but in Western Europe at that time, men like Galileo, Newton and Descartes began to search systematically for ways to understand and control their environment. The scientific revolution, followed by the E
32、nlightenment, marked a fundamental shift. Humans were no longer searching for ways simply to fit into a natural or divine order, but they were seeking to change it. Once people found ways to harness energy using steam engines they were able to build machines that harnessed far more power than any hu
33、man or horse could ever do. And people could work without ever getting tired. The rise of these machines drove the Industrial Revolution, and created a whole new system of life. Today the search for knowledge continues to produce an ongoing revolution in the health and wealth of humankind.If the ris
34、e of science marks the first great trend in this story, the second is its diffusion. What was happening in Britain during the Industrial Revolution was not an isolated phenomenon. A succession of visitors to Britain would go hack to report to their countries on the technological and commercial innov
35、ations they saw there. Sometimes societies were able to learn extremely fast, as in the United States. Others, like Germany, was benefited from starting late, leapfrogging the long-drawn-out process that Britain went through.This diffusion of knowledge accelerated dramatically in recent decades. Ove
36、r the last 30 years we have watched countries like Japan, Singapore, South Korea and now China grow at a pace that is three times that of Britain or the United States at the peak of the Industrial Revolution. They have been able to do this because of their energies and exertions, of course, but also
37、 because they cleverly and perhaps luckily adopted certain ideas about development that had worked in the West reasonably free markets, open trade, a focus on science and technology, among them.The diffusion of knowledge is the dominant trend of our time and goes well beyond the purely scientific. C
38、onsider the cases of Turkey and Brazil. If you had asked an economist 20 years ago how to think about these two countries, he would have explained that they were classic basket-case, Third World economies, with triple-digit inflation, soaring debt burdens, a weak private sector and snails-pace growt
39、h. Today they are both remarkably well managed, with inflation in single digits and growth above 5 percent. And this shift is happening around the world. From Thailand to South Africa to Slovakia to Mexico, countries are far better managed economically than they have ever been. Even in cases where p
40、olitical constraints make it difficult to push far-reaching reforms, as in Brazil, Mexico or India, governments still manage their affairs sensibly, observing the Hippocratic oath not to do any harm.We are sometimes reluctant to believe in progress. But the evidence is unmistakable. The management o
41、f major economies has gotten markedly better in the last few years. Careful monetary policy has tempered the boom-and-bust economic cycles of the industrial world, producing milder recessions and fewer shocks. Every day one reads of a new study comparing nations in everything from Internet penetrati
42、on to inflation. All these studies and lists are symbols of a learning process that is accelerating, reinforcing the lessons of success and failure. Call it a best-practice world.I realize that the world I am describing is the world of the winners. There are billions of people, locked outside global
43、 markets, whose lives are still accurately described by Hobbess cruel phrase. But even here, there is change. The recognition of global inequalities is more marked today than ever before, and this learning is forcing action. There is more money being spent on vaccines and cures for diseases in Afric
44、a and Asia today than ever before in history. Foreign-aid programs face constant scrutiny and analysis. When things dont work, we learn that, too, and it puts a focus either on the aid program or on local governments to improve.This may sound overly optimistic. There are losers in every race, but le
45、t not the worries over who is winning and losing the knowledge race obscure the more powerful underlying dynamic: knowledge is liberating. It creates the possibility for change and improvement everywhere. It can create amazing devices and techniques, save lives, improve living standards and spread i
46、nformation. Some will do well on one measure, others on another. But on the whole, a knowledge-based world will be a healthier and richer world.The caveat I would make is not about one or another countrys paucity of engineers or computers. These problems can be solved. But knowledge is not the same
47、thing as wisdom. Knowledge can produce equally powerful ways to destroy life, intentionally and unintentionally. It can produce hate and seek destruction. Knowledge does not by itself bring any answer to the ancient Greek question “What is a Good Life?“ It does not produce good sense, courage, gener
48、osity and tolerance. And most crucially, it does not produce the farsightedness that will allow us all to live together and grow together on this world without causing war, chaos and catastrophe. For that we need wisdom.（分数：6.00）(1).It can be inferred that during the Enlightenment, people in Western
49、 Europe _.A. were looking for better ways of seeking knowledgeB. were not satisfied with their past achievementsC. were trying to fit into the natural environmentD. were tired of working（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT a result of scientific diffusion?A. Britains leadership in the Industrial Rev
