1、专业八级-1071 及答案解析(总分：106.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Note-taking in LecturesFor listeners, note-raking is an essential way to achieve better understanding of a lecture. It involves many separate skills, four of which will be analyzed here.I. Understand w
2、hat (1) says. (1) _1. severe strain:2 reasonsword (2) in speech. (2) _new words2. solution: concentrate on what are most importantII. Sort out the main points. 1. focus on the title: write down the title (3) and completely. (3) _2. be aware of signals of what is important or unimportant. signals ind
3、icating importance: (4) (4) _ speak slowly or loudly use a greater range of intonation employ a combination of the devicesSignals (5) (5) _ deliver sentences quickly, softly use a narrow range of intonation use (6) pauses (6) _III. Write down (7) quickly and clearly. (7) _1. use abbreviation2. selec
4、t words that give (8) (nouns, verbs, adjectives) (8) _3. write one point on each line4. find time to write (9) (9) _IV. Show the connections between the various points the listeners has noted. 1. use spacing, underlining, (10) . (10) _2. number points（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
5、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.（分数：5.00）(1).Mary doesnt seem to favour the idea of a new ai
6、rport becauseA. the existing airports are to be wasted. B. more people will be encouraged to travel.C. more oil will be consumed. D. more airplanes will be purchased.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage?A. More people in the area. B. Noise
7、and motorways.C. Waste of land. D. Unnecessary travel.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPTA. more job opportunities. B. vitality to the local economy.C. road construction. D. presence of aircrew in the area.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Mary thinks that peop
8、le dont need to do much travel nowadays as a result ofA. less emphasis on personal contact. B. advances in modern telecommunications.C. recent changes in peoples concepts. D. more potential damage to the area.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).We learn from the conversation that Freddy is _ Marys ideas.A. strongl
9、y in favour of B. mildly in favour ofC. strongly against D. mildly against（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).What is the main idea of the news item?A. UK has trained far more nurses than it needs.B. UK is facing unemployment and downsizing.C. UK is losing its nurses to Australia in emplo
10、yment.D. UK should encourage nurses to work in Australia.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Howard Catton, why do more nurses tend to work in Australia?A. Because of attractive salaries and a series of incentives.B. Because of starting salaries and recruitment activity.C. Because of the convenient ai
11、r travel between two countries.D. Because of the permanent residency and accommodation.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).EMI is _.A. the worlds first major music companyB. the worlds third largest record companyC. the worlds largest on -line music providerD. the worlds largest software company（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2
12、).EMIs downloading trial was between _.A. the recording industry and on - line record companiesB. the recording industry and downloading -program operatorsC. EMI and on -line music providersD. EMI and MP3（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The popular MP3 technology _.A. allows fans to copy songs once or twiceB. a
13、llows consumers to turn the song to a CD three timesC. allows consumers to send the song to a portable device twiceD. is a compression format that turns music on compact discs into small computer files（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：2，分数：9.00)The development of tooth
14、paste began as long ago as 3000/5000 BC in the ancient countries of China and India. According to Chinese history, Huang-Ti claimed different types of pain felt in the mouth could be cured by sticking gold and silver needles into different parts of the jaw and gum. h was theories such as these that
15、led to the development of dental cream. During the years 3000/5000 BC, Egyptians made toothpaste using a recipe of powdered ashes of hooves of oxen, myrrh, powdered and burned eggshells and pumice. It is assumed that the ancient Egyptians used their fingers to rub the mixture onto teeth.The tooth st
16、ick, the forerunner of the toothbrush, had not, as far as is known, been discovered at this time. From the records of the ancient countries of India, China and Egypt, it was the Greeks and Romans who developed and improved toothpaste and developed a leaden instrument for the extraction of teeth. The
17、y were also the first to bind loose teeth together and to support artificial teeth by means of gold wire. During 1000 AD, the Persians gave advice on the dangers of using hard toothpowders and recommendations were made to make toothpowder from burnt hartshorn, the burnt shells of snails and oysters
18、and burned gypsum. Other Persian recipes included dried animal parts, herbs, honey and minerals. One formula for strengthening teeth included green lead, verdigris, incense, honey and powdered flint stone.Toothpowder or dentifrice was first available in Britain in the late 18th century. It came in a
19、 ceramic pot and was available either as a powder or paste. The rich applied it with brushes and the poor with their fingers. The powders were developed by doctors, dentists and chemists and often contained ingredients that were highly abrasive and harmful to the teeth, such as brick dust, china, ea
20、rthenware or cuttlefish, and to make them more palatable, they contained glycerine. By the early nineteenth century, the ingredient stronchium was introduced, to strengthen teeth and reduce sensitivity, but it only really concentrated on the gums. In the late 18th century, borax powder was used to g
21、et the foaming effect. In 1873, an aromatic toothpaste in a jar was introduced in the U.S. and in 1896, Dental Cream was first packaged in collapsible tubes. Before the Second World War, the majority of toothpaste on the market used soap as an emulsifying agent, even though it was known that soap ha
22、d certain inherent defects.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the main subject of the passage?A. Methods of cleaning teeth.B. Methods of caring for teeth.C. Development of toothpaste.D. Dental history.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, it can be inferred that the Greeks and Romans _.A. also developed
23、the toothbrushB. were the first to support artificial teethC. had more dental problems than other culturesD. did not keep records of their dental practices（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, stronchium was most useful for_.A. strengthening teethB. getting a foaming effectC. reducing sensi
24、tivityD. gums（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Since ancient times it has been known that your word is a cause set in motion. In fact, the universe itself is claimed to have emanated from a single primordial sound. In the science of yoga, it is believed that certain Sanskrit words, known as mantras, can bring about
25、magical results, thus you can secure abundance with a certain mantra, peace with another, and so on. On a more practical level, your word still remains highly potent.With your words, you can wound someone, sending them into spirals of defeat, and with your words you can heal someone, raising them up
26、 from a dismal place to soaring hope and motivation. In fact, the entire field of self-improvement is the transmission of words that will assist others to get a firm perspective and move forward with their lives, fulfilling their dreams and desires.On a personal level, too, your words affect you. Wh
27、at you say to yourself about anyone or anything affects you, too. If you speak well of someone or something, you bring more of that harmony into your life. And if you speak ill of someone or something, you bring more of that frustration and anger and conflict into your life.Psychological literature
28、often speaks of numerous cases where a parents words, spoken casually, can affect the destiny of a child. And the most potent words that a parent can use to affect a child are those spoken at the time of dying since these are the last words, and the moment is so highly-charged and the awareness so a
29、cute, these words become an imperative that the child now feels obligated to never disown.Words are further charged with the emotion behind them. The stronger the emotion, the more highly charged the words. Many a love affair has fallen by the wayside because of emotionally charged words, which are
30、later regretted.Despite all this, people use words with the utmost casualness. People wreck their own lives and that of others through the careless use of words. They also accept the words of others as a given truth, when, in fact, all comments by others are merely opinion.The most marvelous aspect
31、of words is how they can bend time. The brilliantly crafted words of Shakespeare or the eloquence of Martin Luther King still shape our lives. Words are so sacred that whole buildings are used to archive them and make them available for reading.A person can rise from poverty to wealth, from sickness
32、 to health, and from loneliness to loving companionship simply through exposing themselves to the most beneficial stream of words.Words not only steal hearts, but shape reality as well. The earth can be a better place because of your choice of words. You can fill lives with the miracles of your word
33、s. You can be an agent for positive change and bring out the best in yourself and others simply by how you use words. Words are psychic shape-shifters; use them wisely.（分数：6.00）(1).By saying “your word is a cause set in motion“, the author means _.A. words are changeable from time to timeB. words ca
34、n have great influence on other thingsC. the same word can have different meanings for different peopleD. words can lead to both good and bad results（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the author, words can _.A. kill people B. show peoples defeatC. give people hopeD. change the speaker himself（分数：1.00
35、）A.B.C.D.(3).Which is TRUE about the last words at the time of parents dying?A. They are often more influential on children than those spoken casually.B. They are full of sorrow and misery.C. Childrens awareness of parents words is always acute.D. These words are imperative for children with great s
36、ense of obligation.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the fifth and sixth paragraph, the author implies that _.A. peoples emotions are influenced by the words they sayB. people should use words with more carefulnessC. people should only accept words which are truths rather than opinionsD. what people
37、 experience directly decides what they speak（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be concluded from the passage that great words _.A. may be less influential as time passes byB. may improve peoples lifeC. can change the worldD. can change time（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Better choice of words can do all of the follo
38、wing EXCEPT _.A. shaping realityB. making life betterC. bringing about positive changeD. fulfilling dreams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：2，分数：8.00)The tradition of christening and commissioning a ship dates back to ancient times when the Greeks, Romans, Egyptians and Vikings called upon the gods to p
39、rotect their ships and crew from the perilous sea. Religion played an important role in these ceremonies. In fact, christenings originated as a way to appease the gods of the elements. Christening gave a ship its identity, and over the years, different cultures and people changed and shaped the way
40、ceremonies were performed.Some of these traditions have been carried over into modem times. A ship is traditionally christened or given its name at the time it is launched into the water. When a ship is christened, it is a tradition to break a bottle across the ships bowl. This practice began in Bri
41、tain in the late seventeenth century. Previously, an official would sip wine from a “standing cup,“ a large loving cup made of precious metal, then pour out the remaining wine onto the deck or over the ships bow. The cup was then tossed overboard. This practice soon became too costly and a net was u
42、sed to catch the cup so it could be re-used at other launchings. Wine was the traditional liquid used to christen a ship, although other liquids were used such as whiskey, brandy and water. At the close of the nineteenth century champagne became the popular liquid with which to christen a ship. Howe
43、ver, during prohibition in America, ships were christened with water.Ships sponsors were generally royalty or senior naval officers. In the nineteenth century, women became ship sponsors for the first time. Women sponsored ships more and more frequently, although it was not the rule. The actual phys
44、ical process of launching a new ship from a building site to the water involved one of three principal methods. Oldest, most familiar and most widely used, was the “end-on“ launch in which the vessel slid, usually stern first, down an inclined slipway. The “side launch,“ whereby the ship entered the
45、 water broadside, came into nineteenth-century use on inland waters, rivers and lakes. It was given major impetus in America by the World War II building program. Another method involved ships built in basins or graving docks, which were floated by admitting water into the dock. The commissioning ce
46、remony then completed the cycle from christening and launching, to full status for active service.（分数：3.00）(1).Why did the author write the passage?A. To outline history.B. To outline modern practices.C. To explain traditions.D. To explain a birth cycle.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage,
47、 one practice became too costly because _.A. it was found that champagne was cheaper than other wineB. the cup was thrown awayC. prohibition ended and the tradition of using champagne returnedD. whiskey and brandy were used without water（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following, according to parag
48、raph 3 was NOT a principal method of launching a ship?A. Sideways. B. Lowering.C. End-on. D. Floating.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Imagine a world where your doctor could help you avoid sickness, using knowledge of your genes as well as how you live your life. Or where he would prescribe drugs he knew would work and not have debilitating side-effects.Such a future is arriving faster than most realise: genetic tests arc already widely used to identify patients who will be helped or harmed by certain drugs. And three years ago, in the face of a torrent of new scientific data, a number of new comp
