1、专业八级-1058 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Communicating Through InternetThe history of the Internet can be dated back to the1960s, when the Department of (1) _ of America sought (1) _ to (2) _ together some research institutions and those acros
2、s (2) _ the country for the purpose of data sharing. In the 1970s itwas used (3) _ by colleges and universities and some (3) _ other research institutions. It developed rapidly in the 1980s as more and more universities joined the net. In the early 90s, HTML and Mosaic were develped with which one c
3、ould see (4) _ real time off the Internet, rather than downloading (4) _ them. Email is an important (5) _ of the Internet, but now (5) _ the World Wide Web is increasingly the largest part ofour Internet (6) _. (6) _With the web e-commerceelectronic commerce came into being. Compared to newspapers,
4、 radio and television,the Internet made (7) _ far less expensive. Whats more, (7) _it provided far more detailed data collection and allowedfor built-in electronic (8) _. All this made commerce the (8) _driving force for the Internet and World Wide Web.The Internet changes all the time and yet provi
5、desno complete (9) _. Finding information has been made easier (9) _by such attempts as gopher, hotlists, Yahoo and manyothers. Generally we use commonly searched terms. Most ofthe search (10) _ use double quotation marks to designate (10) _a phrase to narrow down the search. Now meta-searchengines
6、have been developed. They speed up searches quite abit and provide more complete searches.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).According to Wolfensohn, they are going to make a needs assessment with their colleagues from _.A. t
7、he Asian Development Bank, the EU, Japan, and the United StatesB. the Asian Development Bank, the U.S, Japan, and the United NationsC. the Asian Development Bank, the UN, Japan and the United StatesD. the Asian Development Bank, the UN, Japan, and the United Kingdoms（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the
8、specific role of the World Bank fight now?A. To call the community to donate more money after emergency takes placeB. To provide financial help after the emergency takes placeC. To be ready with emergent financial crisisD. To be ready for the financial needs of the community（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why
9、wasnt there a better early-warning system for the natural disaster, like the tsunamis?A. Because people were not afraid of thatB. Because tsunamis never happens in Indian OceanC. It would cost too much moneyD. It was difficult for the people in Indian Ocean region to expect such an experience（分数：1.0
10、0）A.B.C.D.(4).Stephanopoulos pointed out that the number of todays natural disasters is about _ limes more than that of the 1960s.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can you learn from the interview?A. Kofi Annan said this was going to be a five-to-ten year effort costing 250 million dollarsB.
11、 Human is spending nine hundred billion dollars a year on military expenditure.C. Wolfensohn called people to stop spend money on military expenditureD. Wolfensohn believed that the poverty would never be relieved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：7.00)(1).Which of the following is the cause of r
12、ising oil price?A. Job creation improvement. B. High unemployment rate.C. Signs of economy recovery. D. A strong dollar.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The highest oil price in history was _ a barrel.A. $86.64 B. $85.70 C. $162 D. $147（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Which of the following is the main cause of global warm
13、ing?A. Fossil fuel. B. Greenhouse gases.C. Increased dryness. D. Violent storm patterns.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The news item implies that _ in the last report.A. there were fewer studies done B. there were fewer policy proposalsC. there was less agreement D. there were fewer objectives（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
14、.(1).The following are the decisions made by European Union on Wednesday EXCEPT that _.A. Microsoft should put an end to its business in EuropeB. Microsoft should pay about six hundred million dollarsC. Microsoft should give information about its Windows systemD. Microsoft should make another versio
15、n of Windows without using its own software（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What percentage does Microsoft account for in the software for personal computers in the world?A. 19%. B. 90%. C. 40%. D. 70%.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Whats Microsofts reaction to the decision made by E. U. ?A. Microsoft did not take it ser
16、iously.B. Microsoft was opposed to the decision.C. Microsoft decided to do as E. U. required.D. Microsoft accepted the decision but did not take any measures.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The most important role for government in creating the conditions f
17、or commercial innovation is to support universities in their efforts to generate research and provide manpower. The most crucial issue we face is a lack of skilled manpower, a shortage of faculty in universities for training that manpower, and a deteriorating research capability in our great univers
18、ities because of the shortages of both faculty and modern equipment for instruction and for research.American industry today simply cannot get enough of the people it needs in such fields as microelectronics, artificial intelligence, communications, and computer science. The universities are not tur
19、ning out enough R85) (research and development) people in these areas, or enough research faculty. There is little that private companies can do about fids. We contribute to the support of universities, but industry will never be able to meet more than a small fraction of university R instead, the e
20、xaminations will be based on the material presented in the lectures and textbooks.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. The traditional teaching pattern at the college.B. Tile teaching pattern at the college.C. The content of a class at the college.D. The professor and the ass
21、istant instructor at the college.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the difference between larger classes and small classes?A. Larger classes often have some group discussions under the assistant instructor.B. Small classes often have some discussions on some assigned readings, etc.C. Larger classes main
22、work is to teach and small classes main work is to discuss.D. Larger classes sometimes have group discussions and small classes have both lectures and discussions.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How can a student make good notes?A. Try to make it clearly.B. To make it not only in the lecture course, but also b
23、efore class.C. Try to listen a lot and write down the main points.D. All of the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).If you want to fix in your mind what youve noted, you should _.A. review it as much as possibleB. review it for 5 minutes after classC. review it for 30 minutes every weekD. review it for 30 mi
24、nutes at least once a week（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).How do they have examinations?A. They will be provided with some materials in textbooks.B. They have to prepare the course syllabus.C. They have nothing to prepare but the materials in the textbooks and in tile lectures.D. They have to prepare nothing b
25、ut the course syllabus.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、TEXT D(总题数：2，分数：7.00)American Indian Movement (AIM) is an organization devoted to promoting cultural awareness and political self determination for Native Americans. AIM seeks recognition of treaty rights in accordance with agreements between Native American
26、 tribes and the United States government. The organization also supports Native American education and cultural programs. AIM is best known for its confrontational political demonstrations during the late 192s and 1970s.AIM was founded in 1968 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in response to complaints by
27、Native American residents about police brutality. Members of the organization began to monitor police behavior. As the group gained strength, they also started to lobby for improved city services for the many Native Americans living in run-down tenant apartments, and they developed survival schools
28、where Native American youths could be taught about their culture. Over the next four years, AIM expanded throughout the country, forming 40 chapters in cities and on reservations. AIM leaders, such as Dennis Banks and Russell Means, became well-known spokesmen for Native American rights.AIM particip
29、ated in a number of high-profile demonstrations from the late 192s through the late 1970s. From November 1969 to June 1971, AIM members participated in a 19-month occupation of Alcatraz Island, site of an abandoned federal prison in San Francisco Bay. The protest was intended to draw attention to th
30、e poor conditions of Native American reservations throughout the United States. The protesters proposed establishing a center for Native American studies on the island. Another group of Native Americans, allied with AIM, occupied a surplus military facility in Davis, California, beginning in October
31、 194. These actions resulted in the establishment of Native American-controlled D-Q University in Davis in 1971. D-Q University is named for Deganawidah, an Iroquois prophet, and Quetzelcoatl, the Aztec god of peace and civilization.AIM staged many demonstrations to protest the U.S. governments trea
32、tment of Native Amencans and the loss of their ancestral lands. In 1970 organization members participated in an occupation of a portion of Mount Rushmore National Monument in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Two years later, AIM members staged a Thanksgiving Day protest at Plymouth. Massachusetts, w
33、here the Pilgrims had landed in 1620, and briefly occupied a replica of the Pilgrim ship, the Mayflower.AIM played a critical role in organizing the 1972 “Trail of Broken Treaties.“ Native American protesters converged on Washington, D)C), just before the presidential election in November. Marchers
34、met with government officials at the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) m present a 20-point program of demands. With police massed outside, marchers took over the BIA building and renamed it the “Native American Embassy.“ The occupation ended after authorities agreed to appoint a committee to study the
35、 demands and not to arrest the protesters.The next major AIM action was the 1973 occupation of the town of Wounded Knee, the site of an infamous massacre of Native Americans by U.S. troops in 1890. Invited by tribal elders to protest a corrupt tribal government, AIM members and local allies took ove
36、r the tiny hamlet. They were soon surrounded by agents from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), U.S. marshals, and the BIA police. The ensuing siege lasted for 70 days and ended in a standoff. A committee was appointed to examine the grievances that had led to the occupation, but no official
37、action was ever taken.AIM began to splinter apart. The organizations national office closed in 1975, and all national officer positions were dissolved in 1979. Although AIM staged “The Longest Walk“, a 1978 march from California to Washington, D)C), to protest bills introduced to the U.S. Congress t
38、hat would reduce or abolish Native American. treaty rights, the group foundered without national leadership. The 1990s have seen a modest revival of the organization. In 1992 local AIM chapters protested the celebrations marking the 500-year anniversary of Columbuss first voyage to America. At a 199
39、3 conference in New Mexico, 16 local AIM groups organized themselves as the Confederation of Autonomous AIM Chapters.（分数：3.00）(1).Why was AIM founded in 1968?A. Because the Native American needed their own activity center.B. Because of the polices bad and rude behaviour towards the Native American.C
40、. Because the Native American was segregated.D. Because the American government realized the Native Americans terrible living conditions.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why did AIM organize a number of demonstrations from the late 192s through the late 1970s?A. To demonstrate their power and show their determi
41、nation to fight against the government.B. To draw public attention to the poor conditions of Native American reservations throughout the United States. and to protest the U.S. governments treatment of Native Americans and the loss of their ancestral lands.C. To appeal to the people to invest more mo
42、ney on the Native American.D. To protest the Vietnam War.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?A. AIM chiefly organized the 1972 “Trail of Broken Treaties.“B. The next major AIM action was the 1973 occupation of the town of Wounded Knee, the site
43、 of a bad-reputation massacre of Native Americans by U.S. troops in 1890.C. AIM began to splinter apart during 1970s.D. The 1990s have seen a severe revival of the organization.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1 I take it that the purpose of any language course is to develop in learners the ability to engage in com
44、municative behaviour and this, I have argued, must mean that there has to be a concern for capacity, for the procedural activation of competence. To coin a slogan: no course without discourse. But language courses have generally concentrated on competence and left capacity out of account. The struct
45、urally ordered course concentrates attention on linguistic competence as such but does not effectively indicate how this competence can be drawn upon as a communicative resource. It is true that words and sentence patterns will often be associated with situations, but these situations are designed s
46、imply to reveal the symbolic signification of linguistic forms. The direction of fit, as it were, is situation to language.2 In courses which have a notional/functional orientation, the focus of attention is on the schematic level and the direction of fit is reversed. That is to say, the starting po
47、int is a particular notional frame of reference or, more usually, a particular functional routine: asking the way, asking and granting permission, apologizing and so on. The language is then brought in to service the presentation of these schemata. In both cases the whole business of language behavi
48、our is presented as a straightforward matter of projecting knowledge. One gets the image of the language user as somebody going around with bits of language in his head aiming for the appropriate occasion to insert them into the right situational slots.3 But actual language use is not like this at all. It is rather a series of problems that have to be solved on the spot by reference to a knowledge of linguistic systems and communicative schemata. This knowledge does not provide ready-made solutions which are simply selected from storage and fitted in. But language course
