1、专业八级-992 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Clocks through TimeIt took human being a long time to invent diverse ways for telling time. About3000 years ago people first made a circle with a stick in tile center of it to (1) 1 _ _ the passage of t
2、ime by noticing various marks on the circle the shadow ofthe stick fell across.Since these kinds of circles that are called (2) _ did not work without 2 _the sun, men had to find other ways to keep track of time, including a (3) _ 3 _candle on which each stripe took about one hour to melt, a water c
3、lock which had aline with a number beside it for every hour and an (4) _ which followed tile 4 _invention of glass blowing.The first clock with a face and an hour hand was invented about 600 years agofor few people. With the gradually (5) _ use of clocks, they were beautiful- 5 _ly (6) _, though the
4、y could not keep correct time. Scarcely had clocks been 6 _made small enough to be carried when watches came into use.As the beginning of the style of “grandfather clocks, which were enclosed intall wooden boxes, the (7) _ clock was made in 1657. In 1700, there were 7 _clocks with minute and second
5、hands. About 200 years later, a clock is commonlyused in every house and a watch is almost used by every (8) _ gentleman. 8 _A newly created clock that shows the time exactly is so- called (9) _ 9 _clock. Nowadays such a clock has more and more complicated functions.(10) _ as clocks and watches are,
6、 time means different things to differ- 10 _ent nations.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)According to the interview, what happened since Mary Ann were 100?（分数：5.00）(1).According to the interview, what happened since Mary Ann we
7、re 100?AShe had a blimp ride. BShe had a horse ride.CShe touched the Hollywood sign. DShe stayed at home.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Where was Mary Ann born?AIn a small village. BNorth of Chicago. CIn Washington. DIn Hawaii.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does she want to do for her 106th?AShe wants to meet pop
8、singer. BShe wants to meet a superstar.CShe wants to see a movie star. DShe wants to see a movie.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the interview, which of the following is not true?AThe older she got the more comfortable she was with herself.BAs she got older she no longer ran Sacred anymore.CNow, a
9、 lot of people think that part of aging is that they dont get to do the things that they could do, they become inactive, they sit around and watch television.DWhen they are getting older they can go out and have fun.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the interview, we can know what is the most important when
10、 you are getting old?AHealth. BPossessions.CAttitude towards aging. DDaily life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：6.00)1. In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.
11、Frances highest court halted the final voyage of the Clemenceau becauseA. the French President Jacque Chirac has ordered the return of it.B. some substances on board the ship may harm peoples health.C. the Clemenceau should return to France at the end of the week.D. the French President is ordering
12、a test to discover what is on board.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).The development of _ inside the mosquito has been blocked.A. molecule in the gutB. genetic geneC. malaria parasiteD. disease-spreading tissue（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following description is INCORRECT?A. The new strain of mosquito has
13、 been released into the wild.B. Scientists have done similar researches before.C. The new strain of mosquito cannot spread the disease.D. This kind of mosquito is genetically modified.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.According to the news, the ordinary Ukrainians _ to express their disappointment with politicians
14、.A. now have the freedom B. are now afraidC. have always had the freedom D. have no freedom（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Now the U.S. economy growth rate is _.A. higher than 1995 to 2000 B. lower than 1973 to 1995C. as good as 1995 to 2000 D. the same as 1993 to 1995（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Dale Jorgenson points
15、 out that the 2.78 grow rate will be continued in the next _.A. 2 years B. 10 years C. 20 years D. 5 years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the
16、 extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delaysnot only in accep
17、ting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it.It seems that only when government decides it can afford tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single mos
18、t important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now.We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsib
19、ility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologists, the environmental activists and the conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve a
20、nd enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge.We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-versioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every pe
21、rspective make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion. I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we
22、 must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hol
23、d it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages.（分数：5.00）(1).We can infer from the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because_.A. they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doingB.
24、they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interestsC. time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on itD. it is difficult for them to take effective measures（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is_.A. to prevent pollut
25、ion by legislation, economic incentives and persuasionB. to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protectionC. to take radical measures to consol environmental pollutionD. to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word tunnel-ver
26、sioned (Line 2, Para.4) most probably means_.A. narrow-mindedB. blind to the factsC. short-sightedD. able to see only one aspect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems?A. Legislation and government i
27、ntervention.B. The industrys understanding and support.C. The efforts of environmental health professionals.D. The cooperation of ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the text, why destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our foo
28、d supply continue to occur?A. inevitable phenomenon of social developingB. few people are aware of itC. the tax exerted on manufacturer is too heavyD. difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on the people who caused the problem（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)“When I direct Shakespeare,“
29、theatrical innovator Peter Sellars once said, “the first thing I do is go to the text for cuts. I go through to find the passages that are real heavy, that really are not needed, places where the language has become obscure, places where there is a bizarre detour. And then I take those moments, thos
30、e elements, and I make them the centerpiece, the core of the production.“In the sober matter of staging Shakespeare, such audaciousness is hard to resistthough a lot of Chicago theatre-goers have been able to. Typically, a third of the people who have been showing up at the Goodman Theatre to see Se
31、llars ingenious reworking of The Merchant of Venice have been walking out before the evening is over. Its no mystery, why? The evening isnt over for nearly four hours. Beyond that, the production pretty much upends everything the audience has come to expect from one of Shakespeares most troubling bu
32、t reliable entertaining comedies.The play has been transplanted from the teeming, multicultural world of 15th century Venice, Italy, to the teeming, multicultural world of 1994 Venice Beach, California, where Sellars lives when he isnt setting Don Giovanni in Spanish Harlem, putting King Lear in a L
33、incoln Continental or deconstructing other classic plays and operas. Shylock, along with the plays other Jews, is black. Antonio, the merchant of the title, and his kinsmen are Latinos. Portia, the wealthy maiden being wooed by Antonios friend Bassanio, is Asian. But the racial shuffling is just one
34、 of Sellars liberties. The stage is furnished with little but office furniture, while video screens simulcast the actors in close-up during their monologues, (and, in between, display seemingly unrelated Southern California scene, from gardens and swimming pools to the L. A. riots). Cries of anguish
35、 come from the clowns, and the playfully romantic final scene, in which Portia teases Bassanio for giving away her ring to the lawyer she played in disguise, is re-imagined as the darkest, most poisonously unsettling passage in the play.Some of this seems to be sheer perversity, but the real shock o
36、f Seltars production is how well it works both theatrically and thematically. The racial casting, for instance, is a brilliant way of defusing the plays anti-Semitismturning it into a metaphor for prejudice and materialism in all its forms. Paul Butler is a hardhearted ghetto businessman who, even w
37、hen he is humiliated at the end, never loses his cool or stoops for pity.Wrongheaded and tortuous as this Merchant sometimes is, the updating is witty and apt. The “news of the Rialto“ becomes fodder for a pair of gossip reporters on a happy-talk TV newscast. Shylocks trial is presided over by a mum
38、bling, superannuated judge who could have stepped fight out of Court TV. With a few exceptions Elaine Tses overwrought Portia, for instancethe actors strike a nice balance between Shakespeares poetry and Sellars stunt driving. For the rest of us, its a wild ride. （分数：5.00）(1).Whats the main topic of
39、 the passage?A. The Merchant of Venice adapted by SellarsB. Success of the newly performed The Merchant of VeniceC. Peter Sellarss artistic styleD. The shooting of Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).When directing Shakespeare, Sellars usually _ the original texts.A. selects the
40、key moments inB. abridgesC. completely changesD. keeps（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What can be inferred about Sellarss The Merchant of Venice?A. The adaptation is awkward and meaningless. B. It is popular with Chicago theater-goers. C. It is not favored by the audience.D. It meets the audiences expectation.
41、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be concluded from the passage that Shakespeares original text of The Merchant of Venice _.A. is much more difficult to understand B. is always clear in languageC. presents a negative viewpoint towards the SemiticsD. is not as popular as his tragedies（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).T
42、he phrase “wrongheaded and tortuous“ in the last paragraph means _.A. misleading B. illogical C. complicated D. inappropriate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：4.00)After their 20-year-old son hanged himself during his winter break from the University of Arizona five years ago, Donna and Phil Satow
43、wondered what signs they had overlooked, and started asking other students for answers.What grew from this soul searching was Ulifeline (www. ulifeline, org), a Web site where students can get answers to questions about depression by logging on through their universities. The site has been adopted a
44、s a resource by over 120 colleges, which can customize it with local information, and over 1.3 million students have logged on with their college IDs.“Its a very solid Web site that raises awareness of suicide, de-stigmatizes mental illness and encourages people to seek the help they need,“ said Pau
45、l Grayson, the director of counseling services at New York University, which started using the service nearly a year ago.The main component of the Web site is the Self-E-Valuator, a self-screening program developed by Duke University Medical Center that tests students to determine whether they are a
46、t risk for depression, suicide and disorders like anorexia and drug dependence. Besides helping students, the service compiles anonymous student data, offering administrators an important window onto the mental health of its campus.The site provides university users with links to local mental health
47、 services, a catalog of information on prescription drugs and side effects, and access to Go Ask Alice, a vast archive developed by Columbia University with hundreds of responses to anonymously posted inquiries from college students worldwide. For students concerned about their friends, there is a s
48、ection that describes warning signs for suicidal behavior and depression.Yet it is hard to determine how effective the service is. The anonymity of the online service can even play out as a negative. “There is no substitute for personal interaction (个人互动才能解决),“ said Dr. Lanny Berman, executive director of the American Association of Suicidology, based in Washington.Ulifeline would be the first to say that its service is no replacement for an actual therapist. “The purpose is to find out if there
