1、专业八级-977 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Darwin and His Theor(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.FivA.takin
2、g further photosB.taking soil samplesC.planting vegetation in the soilD.taking samples of vegetationA.popularizationB.pauseC.developmentD.ignorance and confusionA.China and USA.B.Chile and France.C.France and Canada.D.Egypt and GreecA.15 yearsB.50 yearsC.six decadesD.four decades六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数
3、：0.00)七、Questions 6 to 8 are(总题数：1，分数：3.00)A.should remain effectiveB.should be abolishedC.should be discussed againD.should be supplementedA.longest defended borderB.longest undefended borderC.longest undefined borderD.longest coastal borderA.In the days before the vote, the Clinton Administration
4、had been careful to describe the referendum as an internal mafter.B.It is critical for the United States to have a stable norther neighbor.C.Mr. Clinton discussed the outcome of the referendum Tuesday with Canadian Prime Minister.D.Both pacts will be discussed further with united Canad八、Questions 9
5、and 10 a(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.at least eighty-one people have been killed by floodingB.a dangerous goods warehouse has been damaged by fireC.many killed were unable to leave the buildingD.the fire in a handicraft factory in southern China is strikingA.strong winds and lack of waterB.rapid economic growth
6、C.locked doors and windowsD.overcrowded people九、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、TEXT A(总题数：4，分数：4.00)1.How did Renault test drive the Racoon?（分数：1.00）A.Over rocky terrain.B.In actual reality.C.Over French country roads.D.In virtual reality.2.How does that Racoon cross water?（分数：1.00）A.It swims.B.
7、It raises its nose.C.It uses hydrojets.D.It uses its four-wheel driv3.Why will Boeing not need a replica of the 777?（分数：1.00）A.It can use computers to check the design.B.It already has enough experience with plans.C.It will only need to upgrade the replica of the previous model.D.It can make sure al
8、l the bits fit together.4.What is Renault most famous for?（分数：1.00）A.Startlingly different cars.B.Family cars.C.Advances in design.D.Boat and train design.十一、TEXT B(总题数：4，分数：4.00)5.Why would a terrorist go to the Atomic Energy commissions public reading room?（分数：1.00）A.To find out how to design a bo
9、mb.B.To find out where to steal plutonium.C.To look at files of secret information.D.To find out where to stem an atomic bom6.The main danger discussed in the passage is from _.（分数：1.00）A.students making their own atomic bombsB.foreign spies stealing secretsC.terrorists stealing plutonium and making
10、 their own bombsD.technicians stealing plutonium7.What is the main theme of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The fact that a student was able to make an atomic bomb.B.The dangers of transporting plutonium.C.The fact that secret information is available in public libraries.D.The ease with which atomic bombs co
11、uld become a terrorist weapon.8.What does “this“ refer to in the expression “this appears less of a hazard“?（分数：1.00）A.Some foreign power.B.The design of the security systems.C.A terrorist attack.D.Sabotage by people working for an enemy country.十二、TEXT C(总题数：4，分数：4.00)9.Which of the following can b
12、e inferred from the passage about the Irish building and loan associations mentioned in the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.They were started by third or fourth-generation immigrants.B.They originated as off shoots of church-related groups.C.They frequently helped Irish entrepreneurs to finance business n
13、ot connected with construction.D.They contributed to the employment of many Irish construction workers.10.According to the passage, once a minority owned business is established, self-help networks contribute which of the following to that business?（分数：1.00）A.Information regarding possible expansion
14、 of the business into nearby communities.B.Encouragement of a business climate that is nearly free of direct competition.C.Opportunities for the business owner to reinvest profits in other minority owned businesses.D.Contact with people who are likely to be customers of the new business.11.Which of
15、the following can be inferred from the passage about rotating credit associations?（分数：1.00）A.They were developed exclusively by Chinese immigrants.B.They accounted for a significant portion of the investment capital used by Chinese immigrants in New York in the early twentieth century.C.Third- gener
16、ation members of an immigrant group who started businesses in the 1920s would have been unlikely to rely on them.D.Recent immigrants still frequently turn to rotating credit associations instead of banks for investment capital.12.The passage best supports which of the following statements?（分数：1.00）A
17、.A minority entrepreneur who had no assistance from family members would not be able to start a business.B.Self-help networks have been effective in helping entrepreneurs primarily in the last 50 years.C.Minority groups have developed a range of alternatives to standard financing of business venture
18、s.D.The financial institutions founded by various ethnic groups owe their success to their unique formal organization.十三、TEXT D(总题数：4，分数：4.00)13.The high costs of running AHIs hotels are related to their _.（分数：1.00）A.managementB.sizeC.staffD.policies14.The hotel number of jobs advertised at the SAH
19、was _.（分数：1.00）A.70B.120C.170D.28015.SAHs new orgnisational structure requires _.（分数：1.00）A.75% of the old management positionsB.25% of the old management positionsC.25% more management positionsD.5% fewer management positions16.The SAHs approach to organisational structure required changing practic
20、es in _.（分数：1.00）A.industrial relationsB.firing staffC.hiring staffD.marketing十四、TEXT E(总题数：4，分数：4.00)17.The writer thinks that the growth of specialist societies and periodicals had helped scholars to _.（分数：1.00）A.cut down research costsB.keep up with current developmentsC.spend less time travellin
21、gD.develop their ideas more quickly18.What, in the writers opinion, happens to a scholar who shams his ideas with his colleagues?（分数：1.00）A.He gains recognition for his achievements.B.He attracts large numbers of students.C.He risks his ideas being student.D.He is considered slightly ma19.The writer
22、 claims that it is important for specialists to be able to travel because _.（分数：1.00）A.their fellow experts are scattered around the worldB.their laboratories are in remote placesC.there are so many people working in similar fieldsD.textbooks have wide circulation20.In the writers opinion, interdisc
23、iplinary studies are important because they _.（分数：1.00）A.encourage scholars to concentrate on their own specialisationsB.allow scholars to change disciplines more easilyC.make scholars aware of problems outside their own fieldD.allow overworked scholars to relax十五、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)
24、21.Which of the following had the title “the Wizard of Menlo Park“?（分数：1.00）A.Thomas Alva Edison.B.John Stevens.C.Charlie Chaplin.D.Robert Fulton.22.Which of the following work tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden?（分数：1.00）A.Paradise Lost.B.Paradise Regai
25、ned.C.L ALLegro.D.Lycidas.23._ is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.（分数：1.00）A.LinguisticsB.SyntaxC.MorphologyD.language24.The first English permanent settlement in America was founded in 1607 in _.（分数：1.00）A.New MexicoB.IowoC.CaliforniaD.Virginia25.Which of the follow
26、ing words does NOT contain one morpheme?（分数：1.00）A.Table.B.Often.C.Desirable.D.Lif26.Who is the creator and a great master of the historical novel?（分数：1.00）A.John Keats.B.Walter Scott.C.Jame Austen.D.Charles Lam27.Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?（分数：1.00）A.Football.B.Tennis
27、.C.Archery.D.Cricket.28.The state of California is on _.（分数：1.00）A.the Atlantic CoastB.the Gulf of MexicoC.the Pacific CoastD.Carribean Sea29.Son and Lovers was written by _.（分数：1.00）A.George Bernard ShawB.D.H. LawrenceC.Virginia WoolfD.James Joyce30.The poem Ode to the West Wind was written by _.（分
28、数：1.00）A.Percy Bysshe ShelleyB.John KeatsC.Walter ScottD.Gorge Gordon, Lord Byron十六、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十七、After having assured(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.0
29、0）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_十八、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十九、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)41.加入世贸组织，是中国对外开放的新起点。我们将在更大范围和更深程度上参与国际经济合作与竞争。中国将进一步向亚洲和世界开放，向各国的企业家、投资者开放。我们恪守入世承诺，有步骤地扩大开放领域，降低关税水平，取消非关税壁垒。我们也将不断完善法治，创造更加公平、透明和可预见的市场环境。同时，我们还将大力实施“走出去”战略，鼓励中国各种所有制企业走向世界。中国人
30、民热爱和平，中国的发展需要和平。中国经济的发展，不会对任何国家和地区构成威胁。无论现在还是将来，中国始终是维护世界和平、促进共同发展的重要力量。（分数：10.00）_二十、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.Ive come to the San Jose office park where eBay is housed to nose around and figure out what makes this business apparently immune to the dot-com curse. How does Whitman do it
31、? Perhaps more important, how will she continute? The companys sky-high price/earings ratio of 143, based on 2001 estimated results, shows that investors are hungry for more, even faster, growth. Whitman has promised to transform eBay from an online auction house into a much bigger, general-put-pose
32、 shopping destination - the first place people turn when they want to buy, well, anything at all. Analysts, who applaud this strategy and are reassured by Whitmans record, see eBay as the one company that really taps into the boundless Potential of the internet. Theres truth in that. EBay owns no in
33、ventory or warehouses, which helps make it highly profitable. It has cleverly used e-mail, message boards, and the natural watchfulness of its virtual community to forge bonds with customers and police the behavior of its buyers and sellers. Its Website enables small sellers to participate in a vast
34、 market place - and lets eBay collect fees on even the tiniest of transactions. Long after investors gave up on other dotcoms hammered their stocks, they are still betting on eBay.（分数：10.00）_二十一、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)43.SHOULD CENSORSHIP BE ABOLISHED?In the first part of your writing you shoul
35、d present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to
36、follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-977 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Darwin and His Theor(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：clergyman）解析：听力原文1-10Good morning, everyone
37、. Today we will discuss something about Charles Darwins life and his famous theory of evolution.Charles Darwin was born in 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. His father, Robert Darwin, was a physician, and Charless mother died when he was eight years old.At age sixteen, Darwin left Shrewsbury to study med
38、icine at Edinburgh University. Repelled by the sight of surgery performed without anesthesia, he eventually went to Cambridge Univeristy to prepare to become a clergyman in the Church of England. After receiving his degree, Darwin accepted an invitation to serve as an unpaid naturalist on the H. M.
39、S. Beagle, which departed on a five-year scientific expedition to the Pacific coast of South America on 31 December, 1831.Darwins research resulting from this voyage formed the basis of his famous book, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. Published in 1859, the work aroused a sto
40、rm of controversy. Here Darwin outlined his theory of evolution, challenging the con temporary beliefs about the creation of life on earth.Darwin continued to write and publish his works on biology throughout his life. He lived with his wife and children at their home in the village of Downe, fiftee
41、n miles from London. He suffered from panic disorder, as well as from a disease contracted during his travels in South America in the rest of his life. He died on 19 April, 1882, and lies buried in Westminster Abbey.Darwins Theory of Evolution is the widely held notion that all life is related and h
42、as descended from a common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the fishes and the flowers - all related. Darwins general theory presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic “descent with modification“. That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ances
43、tors naturally over time. In a nutshell, as random genetic mutations occur within an organisms genetic code, the beneficial mutations are preserved because they aid survival - a process known as “natural selection“. These beneficial mutations are passed on to the next generation: Over time, benefici
44、al mutations accumulate and the result is an entirely different organism, not just a variation of the original, but an entirely different creature.While Darwins Theory of Evolution is a relatively young archetype, the evolutionary worldview itself is as old as antiquity. Ancient Greek philosophers s
45、uch as Anaximander assumed the development of life from non-life and the evolutionary descent of man from animal. Charles Darwin simply brought something new to the old philosophy - a plausible mechanism called “natural selection“.Natural selection acts to preserve and accumulate minor advantageous
46、genetic mutations. Suppose a member of a species developed a functional advantage, for example, it grew wings and learned to fly. Its offspring would inherit that advantage and pass it on to their offspring. The inferior or disadvantaged members of the same species would gradually die out, leaving o
47、nly the superior or advantaged members of the species. Natural selection is the preservation of a functional advantage that enables a species to compete better in the wild. Natural selection is the naturalistic equivalent to domestic breeding. Over the centuries, human breeders have produced dramatic changes in domestic animal populations by selecting individuals to breed. Breeders eliminate undesirable traits gradually over time. Similarly, natural selection elimina
